Add hook or middleware for transforming tools/list responses #1757

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

The MCP SDK provides no public mechanism to transform tools/list responses before they're sent to the client. This forces servers that need to augment tool definitions — for example, promoting fields from _meta to the tool root level — to access private internals and re-implement the SDK's serialization logic.

Concrete use case: ChatGPT mixed-auth security schemes

ChatGPT's Actions/Connectors platform expects securitySchemes as a root-level field on each tool definition in tools/list responses (OpenAI docs: Build with Auth).

However, the SDK's registerTool only supports securitySchemes inside _meta, and the
built-in tools/list handler serializes it there — not at the root level.

To bridge this gap, servers must:

1. Access the private _registeredTools field on McpServer (via as any cast)
2. Override the ListToolsRequestSchema handler via server.setRequestHandler
3. Re-implement the entire tool serialization — including normalizeObjectSchema,
   toJsonSchemaCompat, outputSchema handling, annotations, execution, etc.

This is ~80 lines of duplicated SDK internals that will silently break on any refactor of
the tool listing logic. Multiple production MCP servers have independently converged on this
identical workaround.

Describe the solution you'd like

Any of the following would solve this cleanly (in rough order of preference):

Option A: Response transform hook

mcpServer.onToolsList((tools) => {
  return tools.map(tool => ({
    ...tool,
    securitySchemes: tool._meta?.securitySchemes,
  }));
});

A callback that receives the fully-serialized tool list and returns a (potentially modified) version. This is the most flexible option and avoids exposing internal data structures.

Option B: Middleware / chaining for setRequestHandler

// Get the current handler before replacing it
const original = server.getRequestHandler(ListToolsRequestSchema);

server.setRequestHandler(ListToolsRequestSchema, async (req, extra) => {
  const result = await original(req, extra);
  // transform result.tools
  return result;
});

Adding a getRequestHandler method to Protocol would let consumers wrap existing handlers without re-implementing them. This is more general-purpose and benefits all request types.

Option C: Public read-only accessor for registered tools

const tools: ReadonlyMap<string, RegisteredTool> = mcpServer.registeredTools;

This would at least eliminate the as any cast, though consumers would still need to re-implement serialization. (See also #1036.)

Describe alternatives you've considered

• Accessing _registeredTools directly — works today but requires as any, duplicates serialization logic, and is fragile across SDK versions. We pin to patch versions (~1.26.0) to mitigate breakage.
• Intercepting at the transport level — even more fragile; requires parsing/modifying JSON-RPC messages.
• Saving RegisteredTool references at registration time — the RegisteredTool interface provides .update() but no control over response serialization shape.

Additional context

• Related: Simplify public access to McpServer registered tools #1036 (public access to registered tools) and Dynamic Tool Registration Based on Authentication Context #836 (dynamic tools based on auth context) — both touch adjacent problems but neither addresses the core issue of response transformation.
• The setRequestHandler API is public and stable — the gap is specifically the inability to compose with the default handler rather than fully replacing it.