matplotlib · rcomer · May 23, 2026 · May 23, 2026 · rcomer · May 23, 2026
diff --git a/.appveyor.yml b/.appveyor.yml
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ environment:
                  --cov-report= --cov=lib --log-level=DEBUG
 
   matrix:
-    - PYTHON_VERSION: "3.11"
+    - PYTHON_VERSION: "3.12"
 
 # We always use a 64-bit machine, but can build x86 distributions
 # with the PYTHON_ARCH variable

diff --git a/.github/workflows/cibuildwheel.yml b/.github/workflows/cibuildwheel.yml
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405  # v6.2.0
         name: Install Python
         with:
-          python-version: '3.11'
+          python-version: '3.12'
 
       # Something changed somewhere that prevents the downloaded-at-build-time
       # licenses from being included in built wheels, so pre-download them so
@@ -176,24 +176,6 @@ jobs:
           CIBW_BUILD: "cp312-*"
           CIBW_ARCHS: ${{ matrix.cibw_archs }}
 
-      - name: Build wheels for CPython 3.11
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@8d2b08b68458a16aeb24b64e68a09ab1c8e82084  # v3.4.1
-        with:
-          package-dir: dist/${{ needs.build_sdist.outputs.SDIST_NAME }}
-        env:
-          CIBW_BUILD: "cp311-*"
-          CIBW_ARCHS: ${{ matrix.cibw_archs }}
-
-      - name: Build wheels for PyPy
-        uses: pypa/cibuildwheel@8d2b08b68458a16aeb24b64e68a09ab1c8e82084  # v3.4.1
-        with:
-          package-dir: dist/${{ needs.build_sdist.outputs.SDIST_NAME }}
-        env:
-          CIBW_BUILD: "pp311-*"
-          CIBW_ARCHS: ${{ matrix.cibw_archs }}
-          CIBW_ENABLE: pypy
-        if: matrix.cibw_archs != 'aarch64' && matrix.os != 'windows-latest' && matrix.os != 'windows-11-arm'
-
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a  # v7.0.1
         with:
           name: cibw-wheels-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.cibw_archs }}

diff --git a/.github/workflows/linting.yml b/.github/workflows/linting.yml
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Python 3
         uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405  # v6.2.0
         with:
-          python-version: '3.11'
+          python-version: '3.12'
 
       - name: Install ruff
         run: pip3 install ruff
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Python 3
         uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405  # v6.2.0
         with:
-          python-version: '3.11'
+          python-version: '3.12'
 
       - name: Install mypy
         run: pip3 install --group build --group typing

diff --git a/.github/workflows/mypy-stubtest.yml b/.github/workflows/mypy-stubtest.yml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Python 3
         uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405  # v6.2.0
         with:
-          python-version: '3.11'
+          python-version: '3.12'
 
       - name: Set up reviewdog
         uses: reviewdog/action-setup@d8a7baabd7f3e8544ee4dbde3ee41d0011c3a93f  # v1.5.0
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           set -o pipefail
           tox -e stubtest | \
-              sed -e "s!.tox/stubtest/lib/python3.11/site-packages!lib!g" | \
+              sed -e "s!.tox/stubtest/lib/python3.12/site-packages!lib!g" | \
               reviewdog \
                 -efm '%Eerror: %m' \
                 -efm '%CStub: in file %f:%l' \

diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests.yml b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
@@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ jobs:
         include:
           - name-suffix: "(Minimum Versions)"
             os: ubuntu-22.04
-            python-version: '3.11'
+            python-version: '3.12'
             extra-requirements: '-c ci/minver-requirements.txt'
             delete-font-cache: true
             # https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/issues/29844
             pygobject-ver: '<3.52.0'
           - os: ubuntu-22.04
-            python-version: '3.11'
+            python-version: '3.12'
             CFLAGS: "-fno-lto"  # Ensure that disabling LTO works.
             extra-requirements: '--group test-extra'
             # https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/issues/29844
@@ -73,16 +73,10 @@ jobs:
             python-version: '3.13t'
             # https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/issues/29844
             pygobject-ver: '<3.52.0'
-          - os: ubuntu-24.04
-            python-version: '3.12'
           - os: ubuntu-24.04
             python-version: '3.14'
           - os: ubuntu-24.04-arm
             python-version: '3.12'
-          - os: macos-14  # This runner is on M1 (arm64) chips.
-            python-version: '3.11'
-            # https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/issues/29732
-            pygobject-ver: '<3.52.0'
           - os: macos-14  # This runner is on M1 (arm64) chips.
             python-version: '3.12'
             # https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/issues/29732
@@ -267,16 +261,6 @@ jobs:
               echo 'PyQt5 is available' ||
               echo 'PyQt5 is not available'
           fi
-          # Even though PySide2 wheels can be installed on Python 3.12+, they are broken and since PySide2 is
-          # deprecated, they are unlikely to be fixed. For the same deprecation reason, there are no wheels
-          # on M1 macOS, so don't bother there either.
-          if [[ "${{ matrix.os }}" != 'macos-14' && "${{ matrix.python-version }}" == '3.11'
-                ]]; then
-            python -mpip install --upgrade pyside2 &&
-              python -c 'import PySide2.QtCore' &&
-              echo 'PySide2 is available' ||
-              echo 'PySide2 is not available'
-          fi
           python -mpip install --upgrade --only-binary :all: pyqt6 &&
             python -c 'import PyQt6.QtCore' &&
             echo 'PyQt6 is available' ||

diff --git a/azure-pipelines.yml b/azure-pipelines.yml
@@ -49,11 +49,8 @@ stages:
       - job: Pytest
         strategy:
           matrix:
-            Windows_py311:
-              vmImage: 'windows-2022'  # Keep one job pinned to the oldest image
-              python.version: '3.11'
             Windows_py312:
-              vmImage: 'windows-latest'
+              vmImage: 'windows-2022'  # Keep one job pinned to the oldest image
               python.version: '3.12'
             Windows_py313:
               vmImage: 'windows-latest'

diff --git a/ci/minver-requirements.txt b/ci/minver-requirements.txt
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 # Extra pip requirements for the minimum-version CI run
 
-contourpy==1.0.1
+contourpy==1.2.1
 cycler==0.10
 fonttools==4.22.0
 importlib-resources==3.2.0
 kiwisolver==1.3.2
 meson-python==0.13.2
 meson==1.1.0
-numpy==1.25.0
+numpy==2.0.0
 packaging==20.0
 pillow==9.0.1
 pyparsing==3.0.0

diff --git a/doc/devel/min_dep_policy.rst b/doc/devel/min_dep_policy.rst
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ specification of the dependencies.
 ==========  ========  ======
 Matplotlib  Python    NumPy
 ==========  ========  ======
+3.12        3.12      2.0.0
 3.11        3.11      1.25.0
 `3.10`_     3.10      1.23.0
 `3.9`_      3.9       1.23.0

diff --git a/doc/devel/testing.rst b/doc/devel/testing.rst
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ You can also run tox on a subset of environments:
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 
-    $ tox -e py310,py311
+    $ tox -e py312,py314
 
 Tox processes environments sequentially by default,
 which can be slow when testing multiple environments.

diff --git a/doc/install/dependencies.rst b/doc/install/dependencies.rst
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ When installing through a package manager like ``pip`` or ``conda``, the
 mandatory dependencies are automatically installed. This list is mainly for
 reference.
 
-* `Python <https://www.python.org/downloads/>`_ (>= 3.11)
-* `contourpy <https://pypi.org/project/contourpy/>`_ (>= 1.0.1)
+* `Python <https://www.python.org/downloads/>`_ (>= 3.12)
+* `contourpy <https://pypi.org/project/contourpy/>`_ (>= 1.2.1)
 * `cycler <https://matplotlib.org/cycler/>`_ (>= 0.10.0)
 * `dateutil <https://pypi.org/project/python-dateutil/>`_ (>= 2.7)
 * `fontTools <https://fonttools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_ (>= 4.22.0)
 * `kiwisolver <https://github.com/nucleic/kiwi>`_ (>= 1.3.1)
-* `NumPy <https://numpy.org>`_ (>= 1.25)
+* `NumPy <https://numpy.org>`_ (>= 2.0)
 * `packaging <https://pypi.org/project/packaging/>`_ (>= 20.0)
 * `Pillow <https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_ (>= 9.0)
 * `pyparsing <https://pypi.org/project/pyparsing/>`_ (>= 3)

diff --git a/environment.yml b/environment.yml
@@ -13,20 +13,20 @@ dependencies:
   - cairocffi
   - c-compiler
   - cxx-compiler
-  - contourpy>=1.0.1
+  - contourpy>=1.2.1
   - cycler>=0.10.0
   - fonttools>=4.22.0
   - importlib-resources>=3.2.0
   - kiwisolver>=1.3.1
   - pybind11>=2.13.2
   - meson-python>=0.13.1
-  - numpy>=1.25
+  - numpy>=2.0
   - pillow>=9
   - pkg-config
   - pygobject
   - pyparsing>=3
   - pyqt
-  - python>=3.11
+  - python>=3.12
   - python-dateutil>=2.1
   - setuptools_scm<10
   - wxpython

diff --git a/galleries/examples/units/basic_units.py b/galleries/examples/units/basic_units.py
@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@
 import itertools
 import math
 
-from packaging.version import parse as parse_version
-
 import numpy as np
 
 import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
@@ -170,9 +168,8 @@ def __str__(self):
     def __len__(self):
         return len(self.value)
 
-    if parse_version(np.__version__) >= parse_version('1.20'):
-        def __getitem__(self, key):
-            return TaggedValue(self.value[key], self.unit)
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        return TaggedValue(self.value[key], self.unit)
 
     def __iter__(self):
         # Return a generator expression rather than use `yield`, so that

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/_api/__init__.py b/lib/matplotlib/_api/__init__.py
@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@
 import functools
 import itertools
 import pathlib
-import re
-import sys
 import warnings
 
 from .deprecation import (  # noqa: F401
@@ -470,25 +468,9 @@ def warn_external(message, category=None):
     warnings.warn`` (or ``functools.partial(warnings.warn, stacklevel=2)``,
     etc.).
     """
-    kwargs = {}
-    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 12):
-        # Go to Python's `site-packages` or `lib` from an editable install.
-        basedir = pathlib.Path(__file__).parents[2]
-        kwargs['skip_file_prefixes'] = (str(basedir / 'matplotlib'),
-                                        str(basedir / 'mpl_toolkits'))
-    else:
-        frame = sys._getframe()
-        for stacklevel in itertools.count(1):
-            if frame is None:
-                # when called in embedded context may hit frame is None
-                kwargs['stacklevel'] = stacklevel
-                break
-            if not re.match(r"\A(matplotlib|mpl_toolkits)(\Z|\.(?!tests\.))",
-                            # Work around sphinx-gallery not setting __name__.
-                            frame.f_globals.get("__name__", "")):
-                kwargs['stacklevel'] = stacklevel
-                break
-            frame = frame.f_back
-        # preemptively break reference cycle between locals and the frame
-        del frame
-    warnings.warn(message, category, **kwargs)
+    # Go to Python's `site-packages` or `lib` from an editable install.
+    basedir = pathlib.Path(__file__).parents[2]
+    skip_file_prefixes = (str(basedir / 'matplotlib'),
+                          str(basedir / 'mpl_toolkits'))
+
+    warnings.warn(message, category, skip_file_prefixes=skip_file_prefixes)
diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/_api/deprecation.pyi b/lib/matplotlib/_api/deprecation.pyi
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 from collections.abc import Callable
 import contextlib
-from typing import Any, Literal, ParamSpec, TypedDict, TypeVar, overload
-from typing_extensions import (
-    Unpack,  # < Py 3.11
-)
+from typing import Any, Literal, ParamSpec, TypedDict, TypeVar, Unpack, overload
 
 _P = ParamSpec("_P")
 _R = TypeVar("_R")

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/ft2font.pyi b/lib/matplotlib/ft2font.pyi
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
+from collections.abc import Buffer
 from enum import Enum, Flag
 from os import PathLike
-import sys
 from typing import BinaryIO, Literal, NewType, NotRequired, TypeAlias, TypedDict, cast, final, overload
-from typing_extensions import Buffer  # < Py 3.12
 
 import numpy as np
 from numpy.typing import NDArray
@@ -242,8 +241,7 @@ class FT2Font(Buffer):
         _kerning_factor: int | None = ...,
         _warn_if_used: bool = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
-    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 12):
-        def __buffer__(self, /, flags: int) -> memoryview: ...
+    def __buffer__(self, flags: int, /) -> memoryview: ...
     def _layout(
         self,
         text: str,
@@ -348,8 +346,7 @@ class FT2Font(Buffer):
 class FT2Image(Buffer):
     def __init__(self, width: int, height: int) -> None: ...
     def draw_rect_filled(self, x0: int, y0: int, x1: int, y1: int) -> None: ...
-    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 12):
-        def __buffer__(self, /, flags: int) -> memoryview: ...
+    def __buffer__(self, flags: int, /) -> memoryview: ...
 
 @final
 class Glyph:

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_axes.py
@@ -1609,9 +1609,6 @@ def test_pcolor_log_scale(fig_test, fig_ref):
     when using pcolor.
     """
     x = np.linspace(0, 1, 11)
-    # Ensuring second x value always falls slightly above 0.1 prevents flakiness with
-    # numpy v1 #30882. This can be removed once we require numpy >= 2.
-    x[1] += 0.00001
     y = np.linspace(1, 2, 5)
     X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
     C = X[:-1, :-1] + Y[:-1, :-1]

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_backends_interactive.py b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_backends_interactive.py
@@ -326,11 +326,6 @@ def _test_thread_impl():
                 reason='PyPy does not support Tkinter threading: '
                        'https://foss.heptapod.net/pypy/pypy/-/issues/1929',
                 strict=True))
-    elif (backend == 'tkagg' and
-          ('TF_BUILD' in os.environ or 'GITHUB_ACTION' in os.environ) and
-          sys.platform == 'darwin' and sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 11)):
-        param.marks.append(  # https://github.com/actions/setup-python/issues/649
-            pytest.mark.xfail('Tk version mismatch on Azure macOS CI'))
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("env", _thread_safe_backends)
@@ -610,14 +605,6 @@ def _test_number_of_draws_script():
     elif backend == "wx":
         param.marks.append(
             pytest.mark.skip("wx does not support blitting"))
-    elif (backend == 'tkagg' and
-          ('TF_BUILD' in os.environ or 'GITHUB_ACTION' in os.environ) and
-          sys.platform == 'darwin' and
-          sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 11)
-          ):
-        param.marks.append(  # https://github.com/actions/setup-python/issues/649
-            pytest.mark.xfail('Tk version mismatch on Azure macOS CI')
-        )
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("env", _blit_backends)

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_cbook.py b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_cbook.py
@@ -643,17 +643,13 @@ def get_a(self): return None
 def test_warn_external(recwarn):
     _api.warn_external("oops")
     assert len(recwarn) == 1
-    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 12):
-        # With Python 3.12, we let Python figure out the stacklevel using the
-        # `skip_file_prefixes` argument, which cannot exempt tests, so just confirm
-        # the filename is not in the package.
-        basedir = pathlib.Path(__file__).parents[2]
-        assert not recwarn[0].filename.startswith((str(basedir / 'matplotlib'),
-                                                   str(basedir / 'mpl_toolkits')))
-    else:
-        # On older Python versions, we manually calculated the stacklevel, and had an
-        # exception for our own tests.
-        assert recwarn[0].filename == __file__
+    # Since Python 3.12, we let Python figure out the stacklevel using the
+    # `skip_file_prefixes` argument, which cannot exempt tests, so just confirm
+    # the filename is not in the package.
+    basedir = pathlib.Path(__file__).parents[2]
+    assert not recwarn[0].filename.startswith((str(basedir / 'matplotlib'),
+                                               str(basedir / 'mpl_toolkits')))
+
 
 
 def test_warn_external_frame_embedded_python():

diff --git a/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_contour.py b/lib/matplotlib/tests/test_contour.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 from matplotlib.colors import LogNorm, same_color
 import matplotlib.patches as mpatches
 from matplotlib.testing.decorators import check_figures_equal, image_comparison
-from packaging.version import parse as parse_version
 import pytest
 
 
@@ -257,8 +256,7 @@ def test_contour_datetime_axis():
 
 @image_comparison(['contour_test_label_transforms.png'],
                   remove_text=True, style='mpl20',
-                  tol=1 if parse_version(np.version.version).major < 2 else
-                  0 if platform.machine() == 'x86_64' else 0.005)
+                  tol=0 if platform.machine() == 'x86_64' else 0.005)
 def test_labels():
     # Adapted from pylab_examples example code: contour_demo.py
     # see issues #2475, #2843, and #2818 for explanation