Add `rewrite` support for `errorprone.refasterrules`

## Add `rewrite` support for `errorprone.refasterrules`

I’d like to propose integrating [Google’s Error Prone](https://github.com/google/error-prone) and its Picnic extension (demonstrated in [Automating Away Bugs with Error Prone | PlatformCon 2023](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6llnrUtVlrE)) to enable automated bug fixes via `rewrite` rules. This would complement Checkstyle’s static analysis capabilities by addressing semantic bugs rather than stylistic issues.

## Motivation
Error Prone’s `refaster`/`rewrite` rules can automatically:
- Fix common bug patterns (e.g., `String.equals()` misuse)
- Modernize code (e.g., JDK migration helpers)
- Enforce best practices (e.g., null-check improvements)

Real-world adoptions show tangible benefits:
- [Apache Kafka’s integration](https://github.com/apache/kafka/pull/20219)
- [Spotless’s implementation](https://github.com/diffplug/spotless/pull/2576)

## Proposal
1. Add support for `errorprone.refasterrules`-based rewrites
2. Implement with opt-in adoption (no breaking changes)
3. Include suppression mechanisms for API constraints

## Discussion Points
- Need consensus on:
  - Scope of auto-fixes
  - Preferred suppression strategy
  - Integration approach

## Next Steps
I’m happy to:
- Prepare a PoC demonstrating the value
- Collaborate on implementation strategy
- Address any concerns about compatibility



relates to:

- https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/issues/16543
- https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/issues/17732
- https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/issues/17717
- https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/pull/17741





```
  - org.openrewrite.java.RemoveUnusedImports
  - org.openrewrite.java.format.RemoveTrailingWhitespace
  - org.openrewrite.java.migrate.Java8toJava11
  - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.LowercasePackage
  - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.MissingOverrideAnnotation
  - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.ModifierOrder
  - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.NoFinalizer
  - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.RemoveUnusedLocalVariables
  - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.RemoveUnusedPrivateFields
  - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.RemoveUnusedPrivateMethods
  - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.BigDecimalRulesRecipes
  - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.CharSequenceRulesRecipes
  - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.ClassRulesRecipes
  - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.MicrometerRulesRecipes
  - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.TimeRulesRecipes
  # - org.openrewrite.java.recipes.JavaRecipeBestPractices
  # - org.openrewrite.java.recipes.RecipeNullabilityBestPractices
  # - org.openrewrite.java.recipes.RecipeTestingBestPractices
  # - org.openrewrite.maven.BestPractices
  # - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.CodeCleanup
  # - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.CommonStaticAnalysis
  # - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.EqualsAvoidsNull
  # - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.JavaApiBestPractices
  # - org.openrewrite.staticanalysis.UnnecessaryThrows
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.CollectionRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.ComparatorRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.EqualityRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.FileRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.NullRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.OptionalRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.PatternRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.PreconditionsRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.PrimitiveRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.StreamRulesRecipes
  # - tech.picnic.errorprone.refasterrules.StringRulesRecipes
```

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Add `rewrite` support for `errorprone.refasterrules` #17487