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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<title>Knockout.js - TypeScript 使用指南手册</title>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><a href="../../PREFACE.html">前言</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">快速上手</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 快速上手</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/typescript-in-5-minutes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.1.</strong> 5 分钟了解 TypeScript</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/asp.net-core.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.2.</strong> ASP.NET Core</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/asp.net-4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.3.</strong> ASP.NET 4</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/gulp.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.4.</strong> Gulp</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/knockout.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.5.</strong> Knockout.js</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/react-and-webpack.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.6.</strong> React 与 webpack</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/react.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.7.</strong> React</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/angular-2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.8.</strong> Angular 2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/tutorials/migrating-from-javascript.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.9.</strong> 从 JavaScript 迁移到 TypeScript</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">手册</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 手册</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook/basic-types.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 基础类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook/interfaces.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 接口</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook/functions.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 函数</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook/literal-types.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.4.</strong> 字面量类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook/unions-and-intersections.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.5.</strong> 联合类型和交叉类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook/classes.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.6.</strong> 类</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook/enums.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.7.</strong> 枚举</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook/generics.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.8.</strong> 泛型</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">手册（进阶）</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 手册（进阶）</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/advanced-types.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 高级类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/utility-types.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 实用工具类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/decorators.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> Decorators</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/declaration-merging.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.4.</strong> 声明合并</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/iterators-and-generators.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.5.</strong> Iterators 和 Generators</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/jsx.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.6.</strong> JSX</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/mixins.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.7.</strong> 混入</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/modules.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.8.</strong> 模块</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/module-resolution.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.9.</strong> 模块解析</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/namespaces.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.10.</strong> 命名空间</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/namespaces-and-modules.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.11.</strong> 命名空间和模块</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/symbols.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.12.</strong> Symbols</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/triple-slash-directives.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.13.</strong> 三斜线指令</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/type-compatibility.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.14.</strong> 类型兼容性</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/type-inference.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.15.</strong> 类型推论</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/reference/variable-declarations.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.16.</strong> 变量声明</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">手册（v2）</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook-v2/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 手册（v2）</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/handbook-v2/type-manipulation/template-literal-types.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 模版字面量类型</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">TypeScript 声明文件（.d.ts）</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/declaration-files/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 如何书写声明文件</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/declaration-files/introduction.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 介绍</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/declaration-files/by-example.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 举例</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/declaration-files/library-structures.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 库结构</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/declaration-files/templates.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 模板</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/declaration-files/do-s-and-don-ts.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.5.</strong> 最佳实践</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/declaration-files/deep-dive.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.6.</strong> 深入</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/declaration-files/publishing.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.7.</strong> 发布</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/declaration-files/consumption.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.8.</strong> 使用</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">TypeScript for JavaScript</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/javascript/type-checking-javascript-files.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">6.</strong> JavaScript 文件里的类型检查</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">工程配置</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/project-config/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.</strong> 工程配置</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/project-config/tsconfig.json.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.1.</strong> tsconfig.json</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/project-config/project-references.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.2.</strong> 工程引用</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/project-config/typings-for-npm-packages.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.3.</strong> NPM 包的类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/project-config/compiler-options.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.4.</strong> 编译选项</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/project-config/configuring-watch.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.5.</strong> 配置 Watch</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/project-config/compiler-options-in-msbuild.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.6.</strong> 在 MSBuild 里使用编译选项</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/project-config/integrating-with-build-tools.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.7.</strong> 与其它构建工具整合</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/project-config/nightly-builds.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">7.8.</strong> 使用 TypeScript 的每日构建版本</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">版本发布说明（Release Notes）</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.</strong> 新增功能</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-5.4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.1.</strong> TypeScript 5.4</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-5.3.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.2.</strong> TypeScript 5.3</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-5.2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.3.</strong> TypeScript 5.2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-5.1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.4.</strong> TypeScript 5.1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-5.0.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.5.</strong> TypeScript 5.0</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.9.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.6.</strong> TypeScript 4.9</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.8.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.7.</strong> TypeScript 4.8</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.7.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.8.</strong> TypeScript 4.7</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.6.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.9.</strong> TypeScript 4.6</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.5.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.10.</strong> TypeScript 4.5</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.11.</strong> TypeScript 4.4</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.3.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.12.</strong> TypeScript 4.3</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.13.</strong> TypeScript 4.2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.14.</strong> TypeScript 4.1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-4.0.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.15.</strong> TypeScript 4.0</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.9.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.16.</strong> TypeScript 3.9</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.8.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.17.</strong> TypeScript 3.8</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.7.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.18.</strong> TypeScript 3.7</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.6.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.19.</strong> TypeScript 3.6</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.5.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.20.</strong> TypeScript 3.5</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.21.</strong> TypeScript 3.4</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.3.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.22.</strong> TypeScript 3.3</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.23.</strong> TypeScript 3.2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.24.</strong> TypeScript 3.1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-3.0.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.25.</strong> TypeScript 3.0</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.9.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.26.</strong> TypeScript 2.9</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.8.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.27.</strong> TypeScript 2.8</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.7.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.28.</strong> TypeScript 2.7</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.6.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.29.</strong> TypeScript 2.6</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.5.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.30.</strong> TypeScript 2.5</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.31.</strong> TypeScript 2.4</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.3.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.32.</strong> TypeScript 2.3</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.33.</strong> TypeScript 2.2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.34.</strong> TypeScript 2.1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-2.0.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.35.</strong> TypeScript 2.0</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-1.8.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.36.</strong> TypeScript 1.8</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-1.7.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.37.</strong> TypeScript 1.7</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-1.6.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.38.</strong> TypeScript 1.6</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-1.5.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.39.</strong> TypeScript 1.5</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-1.4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.40.</strong> TypeScript 1.4</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-1.3.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.41.</strong> TypeScript 1.3</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/release-notes/typescript-1.1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">8.42.</strong> TypeScript 1.1</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">破坏性改动（Breaking Changes）</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.</strong> Breaking Changes</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-3.6.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.1.</strong> TypeScript 3.6</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-3.5.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.2.</strong> TypeScript 3.5</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-3.4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.3.</strong> TypeScript 3.4</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-3.2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.4.</strong> TypeScript 3.2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-3.1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.5.</strong> TypeScript 3.1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-3.0.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.6.</strong> TypeScript 3.0</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-2.9.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.7.</strong> TypeScript 2.9</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-2.8.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.8.</strong> TypeScript 2.8</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-2.7.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.9.</strong> TypeScript 2.7</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-2.6.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.10.</strong> TypeScript 2.6</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-2.4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.11.</strong> TypeScript 2.4</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-2.3.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.12.</strong> TypeScript 2.3</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-2.2.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.13.</strong> TypeScript 2.2</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-2.1.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.14.</strong> TypeScript 2.1</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-2.0.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.15.</strong> TypeScript 2.0</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-1.8.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.16.</strong> TypeScript 1.8</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-1.7.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.17.</strong> TypeScript 1.7</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-1.6.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.18.</strong> TypeScript 1.6</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-1.5.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.19.</strong> TypeScript 1.5</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../../zh/breaking-changes/typescript-1.4.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">9.20.</strong> TypeScript 1.4</a></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1 class="menu-title">TypeScript 使用指南手册</h1>
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<h1 id="knockoutjs"><a class="header" href="#knockoutjs">Knockout.js</a></h1>
<blockquote>
<p>注意： 此教程已从官方删除</p>
</blockquote>
<p>这个快速上手指南会告诉你如何结合使用TypeScript和<a href="http://knockoutjs.com/">Knockout.js</a>。</p>
<p>这里我们假设你已经会使用<a href="https://nodejs.org/">Node.js</a>和<a href="https://www.npmjs.com/">npm</a></p>
<h2 id="新建工程"><a class="header" href="#新建工程">新建工程</a></h2>
<p>首先，我们新建一个目录。 暂时命名为<code>proj</code>，当然了你可以使用任何喜欢的名字。</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">mkdir proj
cd proj
</code></pre>
<p>接下来，我们按如下方式来组织这个工程：</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">proj/
├─ src/
└─ built/
</code></pre>
<p>TypeScript源码放在<code>src</code>目录下，结过TypeScript编译器编译后，生成的文件放在<code>built</code>目录里。</p>
<p>下面创建目录：</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">mkdir src
mkdir built
</code></pre>
<h2 id="初始化工程"><a class="header" href="#初始化工程">初始化工程</a></h2>
<p>现在将这个文件夹转换为npm包。</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">npm init
</code></pre>
<p>你会看到一系列提示。 除了入口点外其它设置都可以使用默认值。 你可以随时到生成的<code>package.json</code>文件里修改这些设置。</p>
<h2 id="安装构建依赖"><a class="header" href="#安装构建依赖">安装构建依赖</a></h2>
<p>首先确保TypeScript已经全局安装。</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">npm install -g typescript
</code></pre>
<p>我们还要获取Knockout的声明文件，它描述了这个库的结构供TypeScript使用。</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">npm install --save @types/knockout
</code></pre>
<h2 id="获取运行时依赖"><a class="header" href="#获取运行时依赖">获取运行时依赖</a></h2>
<p>我们需要Knockout和RequireJS。 <a href="http://www.requirejs.org/">RequireJS</a>是一个库，它可以让我们在运行时异步地加载模块。</p>
<p>有以下几种获取方式：</p>
<ol>
<li>手动下载文件并维护它们。</li>
<li>通过像<a href="http://bower.io/">Bower</a>这样的包管理下载并维护它们。</li>
<li>使用内容分发网络（CDN）来维护这两个文件。</li>
</ol>
<p>我们使用第一种方法，它会简单一些，但是Knockout的官方文档上有讲解<a href="http://knockoutjs.com/downloads/index.html">如何使用CDN</a>，更多像RequireJS一样的代码库可以在<a href="https://cdnjs.com/">cdnjs</a>上查找。</p>
<p>下面让我们在工程根目录下创建<code>externals</code>目录。</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">mkdir externals
</code></pre>
<p>然后<a href="http://knockoutjs.com/downloads/index.html">下载Knockout</a>和<a href="http://www.requirejs.org/docs/download.html#latest">下载RequireJS</a>到这个目录里。 最新的压缩后版本就可以。</p>
<h2 id="添加typescript配置文件"><a class="header" href="#添加typescript配置文件">添加TypeScript配置文件</a></h2>
<p>下面我们想把所有的TypeScript文件整合到一起 - 包括自己写的和必须的声明文件。</p>
<p>我们需要创建一个<code>tsconfig.json</code>文件，包含了输入文件列表和编译选项。 在工程根目录下创建一个新文件<code>tsconfig.json</code>，内容如下：</p>
<pre><code class="language-javascript">{
"compilerOptions": {
"outDir": "./built/",
"sourceMap": true,
"noImplicitAny": true,
"module": "amd",
"target": "es5"
},
"files": [
"./src/require-config.ts",
"./src/hello.ts"
]
}
</code></pre>
<p>这里引用了<code>typings/index.d.ts</code>，它是Typings帮我们创建的。 这个文件会自动地包含所有安装的依赖。</p>
<p>你可能会对<code>typings</code>目录下的<code>browser.d.ts</code>文件感到好奇，尤其因为我们将在浏览器里运行代码。 其实原因是这样的，当目标为浏览器的时候，一些包会生成不同的版本。 通常来讲，这些情况很少发生并且在这里我们不会遇到这种情况，所以我们可以忽略<code>browser.d.ts</code>。</p>
<p>你可以在<a href="../project-config/tsconfig.json.html">这里</a>查看更多关于<code>tsconfig.json</code>文件的信息</p>
<h2 id="写些代码"><a class="header" href="#写些代码">写些代码</a></h2>
<p>下面我们使用Knockout写一段TypeScript代码。 首先，在<code>src</code>目录里新建一个<code>hello.ts</code>文件。</p>
<pre><code class="language-typescript">import * as ko from "knockout";
class HelloViewModel {
language: KnockoutObservable<string>
framework: KnockoutObservable<string>
constructor(language: string, framework: string) {
this.language = ko.observable(language);
this.framework = ko.observable(framework);
}
}
ko.applyBindings(new HelloViewModel("TypeScript", "Knockout"));
</code></pre>
<p>接下来，在<code>src</code>目录下再新建一个<code>require-config.ts</code>文件。</p>
<pre><code class="language-typescript">declare var require: any;
require.config({
paths: {
"knockout": "externals/knockout-3.4.0",
}
});
</code></pre>
<p>这个文件会告诉RequireJS从哪里导入Knockout，好比我们在<code>hello.ts</code>里做的一样。 你创建的所有页面都应该在RequireJS之后和导入任何东西之前引入它。 为了更好地理解这个文件和如何配置RequireJS，可以查看<a href="http://requirejs.org/docs/api.html#config">文档</a>。</p>
<p>我们还需要一个视图来显示<code>HelloViewModel</code>。 在<code>proj</code>目录的根上创建一个文件<code>index.html</code>，内容如下：</p>
<pre><code class="language-markup"><!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Hello Knockout!</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>
Hello from
<strong data-bind="text: language">todo</strong>
and
<strong data-bind="text: framework">todo</strong>!
</p>
<p>Language: <input data-bind="value: language" /></p>
<p>Framework: <input data-bind="value: framework" /></p>
<script src="./externals/require.js"></script>
<script src="./built/require-config.js"></script>
<script>
require(["built/hello"]);
</script>
</body>
</html>
</code></pre>
<p>注意，有两个script标签。 首先，我们引入RequireJS。 然后我们再在<code>require-config.js</code>里映射外部依赖，这样RequireJS就能知道到哪里去查找它们。 最后，使用我们要去加载的模块去调用<code>require</code>。</p>
<h2 id="将所有部分整合在一起"><a class="header" href="#将所有部分整合在一起">将所有部分整合在一起</a></h2>
<p>运行</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">tsc
</code></pre>
<p>现在，在你喜欢的浏览器打开<code>index.html</code>，所有都应该好用了。 你应该可以看到页面上显示“Hello from TypeScript and Knockout!”。 在它下面，你还会看到两个输入框。 当你改变输入和切换焦点时，就会看到原先显示的信息改变了。</p>
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