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Console.cs
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// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace System
{
public static class Console
{
private const int DefaultConsoleBufferSize = 256; // default size of buffer used in stream readers/writers
private static readonly object InternalSyncObject = new object(); // for synchronizing changing of Console's static fields
private static TextReader _in;
private static TextWriter _out, _error;
private static ConsoleCancelEventHandler _cancelCallbacks;
private static ConsolePal.ControlCHandlerRegistrar _registrar;
private static T EnsureInitialized<T>(ref T field, Func<T> initializer) where T : class
{
lock (InternalSyncObject)
{
T result = Volatile.Read(ref field);
if (result == null)
{
result = initializer();
Volatile.Write(ref field, result);
}
return result;
}
}
public static TextReader In
{
get
{
return Volatile.Read(ref _in) ?? EnsureInitialized(ref _in, () =>
{
Stream inputStream = OpenStandardInput();
return SyncTextReader.GetSynchronizedTextReader(inputStream == Stream.Null ?
StreamReader.Null :
new StreamReader(
stream: inputStream,
encoding: ConsolePal.InputEncoding,
detectEncodingFromByteOrderMarks: false,
bufferSize: DefaultConsoleBufferSize,
leaveOpen: true));
});
}
}
public static TextWriter Out
{
get { return Volatile.Read(ref _out) ?? EnsureInitialized(ref _out, () => CreateOutputWriter(OpenStandardOutput())); }
}
public static TextWriter Error
{
get { return Volatile.Read(ref _error) ?? EnsureInitialized(ref _error, () => CreateOutputWriter(OpenStandardError())); }
}
private static TextWriter CreateOutputWriter(Stream outputStream)
{
return SyncTextWriter.GetSynchronizedTextWriter(outputStream == Stream.Null ?
StreamWriter.Null :
new StreamWriter(
stream: outputStream,
encoding: ConsolePal.OutputEncoding,
bufferSize: DefaultConsoleBufferSize,
leaveOpen: true) { AutoFlush = true });
}
public static ConsoleColor BackgroundColor
{
get { return ConsolePal.BackgroundColor; }
set { ConsolePal.BackgroundColor = value; }
}
public static ConsoleColor ForegroundColor
{
get { return ConsolePal.ForegroundColor; }
set { ConsolePal.ForegroundColor = value; }
}
public static void ResetColor()
{
ConsolePal.ResetColor();
}
public static event ConsoleCancelEventHandler CancelKeyPress
{
add
{
lock (InternalSyncObject)
{
_cancelCallbacks += value;
// If we haven't registered our control-C handler, do it.
if (_registrar == null)
{
_registrar = new ConsolePal.ControlCHandlerRegistrar();
_registrar.Register();
}
}
}
remove
{
lock (InternalSyncObject)
{
_cancelCallbacks -= value;
if (_registrar != null && _cancelCallbacks == null)
{
_registrar.Unregister();
_registrar = null;
}
}
}
}
public static Stream OpenStandardInput()
{
return ConsolePal.OpenStandardInput();
}
public static Stream OpenStandardOutput()
{
return ConsolePal.OpenStandardOutput();
}
public static Stream OpenStandardError()
{
return ConsolePal.OpenStandardError();
}
public static void SetIn(TextReader newIn)
{
CheckNonNull(newIn, "newIn");
newIn = SyncTextReader.GetSynchronizedTextReader(newIn);
lock (InternalSyncObject) { _in = newIn; }
}
public static void SetOut(TextWriter newOut)
{
CheckNonNull(newOut, "newOut");
newOut = SyncTextWriter.GetSynchronizedTextWriter(newOut);
lock (InternalSyncObject) { _out = newOut; }
}
public static void SetError(TextWriter newError)
{
CheckNonNull(newError, "newError");
newError = SyncTextWriter.GetSynchronizedTextWriter(newError);
lock (InternalSyncObject) { _error = newError; }
}
private static void CheckNonNull(object obj, string paramName)
{
if (obj == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException(paramName);
}
//
// Give a hint to the code generator to not inline the common console methods. The console methods are
// not performance critical. It is unnecessary code bloat to have them inlined.
//
// Moreover, simple repros for codegen bugs are often console-based. It is tedious to manually filter out
// the inlined console writelines from them.
//
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static int Read()
{
return In.Read();
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static String ReadLine()
{
return In.ReadLine();
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine()
{
Out.WriteLine();
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(bool value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(char value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(char[] buffer)
{
Out.WriteLine(buffer);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(char[] buffer, int index, int count)
{
Out.WriteLine(buffer, index, count);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(decimal value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(double value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(float value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(int value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[CLSCompliant(false)]
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(uint value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(long value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[CLSCompliant(false)]
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(ulong value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(Object value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(String value)
{
Out.WriteLine(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(String format, Object arg0)
{
Out.WriteLine(format, arg0);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(String format, Object arg0, Object arg1)
{
Out.WriteLine(format, arg0, arg1);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(String format, Object arg0, Object arg1, Object arg2)
{
Out.WriteLine(format, arg0, arg1, arg2);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void WriteLine(String format, params Object[] arg)
{
if (arg == null) // avoid ArgumentNullException from String.Format
Out.WriteLine(format, null, null); // faster than Out.WriteLine(format, (Object)arg);
else
Out.WriteLine(format, arg);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(String format, Object arg0)
{
Out.Write(format, arg0);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(String format, Object arg0, Object arg1)
{
Out.Write(format, arg0, arg1);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(String format, Object arg0, Object arg1, Object arg2)
{
Out.Write(format, arg0, arg1, arg2);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(String format, params Object[] arg)
{
if (arg == null) // avoid ArgumentNullException from String.Format
Out.Write(format, null, null); // faster than Out.Write(format, (Object)arg);
else
Out.Write(format, arg);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(bool value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(char value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(char[] buffer)
{
Out.Write(buffer);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(char[] buffer, int index, int count)
{
Out.Write(buffer, index, count);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(double value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(decimal value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(float value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(int value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[CLSCompliant(false)]
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(uint value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(long value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[CLSCompliant(false)]
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(ulong value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(Object value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
[MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
public static void Write(String value)
{
Out.Write(value);
}
private sealed class ControlCDelegateData
{
private readonly ConsoleSpecialKey _controlKey;
private readonly ConsoleCancelEventHandler _cancelCallbacks;
internal bool Cancel;
internal bool DelegateStarted;
internal ControlCDelegateData(ConsoleSpecialKey controlKey, ConsoleCancelEventHandler cancelCallbacks)
{
_controlKey = controlKey;
_cancelCallbacks = cancelCallbacks;
}
// This is the worker delegate that is called on the Threadpool thread to fire the actual events. It sets the DelegateStarted flag so
// the thread that queued the work to the threadpool knows it has started (since it does not want to block indefinitely on the task
// to start).
internal void HandleBreakEvent()
{
DelegateStarted = true;
var args = new ConsoleCancelEventArgs(_controlKey);
_cancelCallbacks(null, args);
Cancel = args.Cancel;
}
}
internal static bool HandleBreakEvent(ConsoleSpecialKey controlKey)
{
// The thread that this gets called back on has a very small stack on some systems. There is
// not enough space to handle a managed exception being caught and thrown. So, run a task
// on the threadpool for the actual event callback.
// To avoid the race condition between remove handler and raising the event
ConsoleCancelEventHandler cancelCallbacks = Console._cancelCallbacks;
if (cancelCallbacks == null)
{
return false;
}
var delegateData = new ControlCDelegateData(controlKey, cancelCallbacks);
Task callBackTask = Task.Factory.StartNew(
d => ((ControlCDelegateData)d).HandleBreakEvent(),
delegateData,
CancellationToken.None,
TaskCreationOptions.DenyChildAttach,
TaskScheduler.Default);
// Block until the delegate is done. We need to be robust in the face of the task not executing
// but we also want to get control back immediately after it is done and we don't want to give the
// handler a fixed time limit in case it needs to display UI. Wait on the task twice, once with a
// timout and a second time without if we are sure that the handler actually started.
TimeSpan controlCWaitTime = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30); // 30 seconds
callBackTask.Wait(controlCWaitTime);
if (!delegateData.DelegateStarted)
{
Debug.Assert(false, "The task to execute the handler did not start within 30 seconds.");
return false;
}
callBackTask.Wait();
return delegateData.Cancel;
}
}
}