This code is meant to abstract the transport and physical layers of an OBD-II connection. Each protocol is a callable object, and accepts a list of strings as input (from the adapter), and returns a list of parsed Message objects. The Message.data field will contain a bytearray, corresponding to the application layer data returned by the command. This implementation is specific to the formatting of the ELM327 chip inside the adapter.

For example, these are the resultant Message.data fields for some single frame messages:

A CAN Message:
7E8 06 41 00 BE 7F B8 13
       [     data      ]

A J1850 Message:
48 6B 10 41 00 BE 7F B8 13 FF
         [       data       ]

The parsing itself (invoking __call__) is stateless. The only stateful part of a Protocol is the ECU_Map. These objects correlate OBD transmitter IDs (tx_id's) with the various ECUs in the car. This way, Message objects can be marked with ECU constants such as:

• ENGINE
• TRANSMISSION

Ideally they'd be constant across all protocols and vehicles, but, they're aren't. To help quell the madness, each protocol can define default tx_id's for various ECUs. When Protocol objects are constructed, they accept a raw OBD response (from a 0100 command) to check these mappings. If the engine ECU can't be identified, there's fallback logic to select its tx_id from the 0100 response.

All protocol objects must implement the following:

Recieves a single Frame object with Frame.raw preloaded with the raw line recieved from the car (in string form). This function is responsible for parsing Frame.raw into a bytearray, and filling the remaining fields in the Frame object. If the frame is invalid, or the parse fails, this function should return False, and the frame will be dropped.

Recieves a single Message object with Message.frames preloaded with a list of Frame objects. This function is responsible for assembling the frames into the Message.data field in the Message object. This is where multi-line responses are assembled. If the message is found to be invalid, this function should return False, and the entire message will be dropped.

Each protocol has a different way of notating the ID of the transmitter, so each subclass must set its own attributes denoting standard tx_id's. Refer to the base Protocol class for a list of these attributes. Currently, they are:

• TX_ID_ENGINE

Protocol
    UnknownProtocol
    LegacyProtocol
        SAE_J1850_PWM
        SAE_J1850_VPM
        ISO_9141_2
        ISO_14230_4_5baud
        ISO_14230_4_fast
    CANProtocol
        ISO_15765_4_11bit_500k
        ISO_15765_4_29bit_500k
        ISO_15765_4_11bit_250k
        ISO_15765_4_29bit_250k
        SAE_J1939