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Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial: (28 commits) trivial: Update my email address trivial: NULL noise: drivers/mtd/tests/mtd_*test.c trivial: NULL noise: drivers/media/dvb/frontends/drx397xD_fw.h trivial: Fix misspelling of "Celsius". trivial: remove unused variable 'path' in alloc_file() trivial: fix a pdlfush -> pdflush typo in comment trivial: jbd header comment typo fix for JBD_PARANOID_IOFAIL trivial: wusb: Storage class should be before const qualifier trivial: drivers/char/bsr.c: Storage class should be before const qualifier trivial: h8300: Storage class should be before const qualifier trivial: fix where cgroup documentation is not correctly referred to trivial: Give the right path in Documentation example trivial: MTD: remove EOL from MODULE_DESCRIPTION trivial: Fix typo in bio_split()'s documentation trivial: PWM: fix of #endif comment trivial: fix typos/grammar errors in Kconfig texts trivial: Fix misspelling of firmware trivial: cgroups: documentation typo and spelling corrections trivial: Update contact info for Jochen Hein trivial: fix typo "resgister" -> "register" ...
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‎CREDITS‎

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@@ -1412,8 +1412,8 @@ P: 1024D/77D4FC9B F5C5 1C20 1DFC DEC3 3107 54A4 2332 ADFC 77D4 FC9B
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D: National Language Support
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D: Linux Internationalization Project
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D: German Localization for Linux and GNU software
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S: Kriemhildring 12a
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S: 65795 Hattersheim am Main
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S: Auf der Fittel 18
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S: 53347 Alfter
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S: Germany
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N: Christoph Hellwig
@@ -3580,6 +3580,12 @@ N: Dirk Verworner
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D: Co-author of German book ``Linux-Kernel-Programmierung''
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D: Co-founder of Berlin Linux User Group
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N: Riku Voipio
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E: riku.voipio@iki.fi
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D: Author of PCA9532 LED and Fintek f75375s hwmon driver
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D: Some random ARM board patches
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S: Finland
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N: Patrick Volkerding
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E: volkerdi@ftp.cdrom.com
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D: Produced the Slackware distribution, updated the SVGAlib

‎Documentation/00-INDEX‎

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@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ cachetlb.txt
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- describes the cache/TLB flushing interfaces Linux uses.
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cdrom/
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- directory with information on the CD-ROM drivers that Linux has.
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cgroups/
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- cgroups features, including cpusets and memory controller.
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connector/
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- docs on the netlink based userspace<->kernel space communication mod.
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console/
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- document describing how CPU load statistics are collected.
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cpuidle/
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- info on CPU_IDLE, CPU idle state management subsystem.
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cpusets.txt
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- documents the cpusets feature; assign CPUs and Mem to a set of tasks.
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cputopology.txt
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- documentation on how CPU topology info is exported via sysfs.
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cris/

‎Documentation/cgroups/00-INDEX‎

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00-INDEX
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- this file
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cgroups.txt
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- Control Groups definition, implementation details, examples and API.
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cpuacct.txt
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- CPU Accounting Controller; account CPU usage for groups of tasks.
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cpusets.txt
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- documents the cpusets feature; assign CPUs and Mem to a set of tasks.
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devices.txt
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- Device Whitelist Controller; description, interface and security.
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freezer-subsystem.txt
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- checkpointing; rationale to not use signals, interface.
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memcg_test.txt
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- Memory Resource Controller; implementation details.
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memory.txt
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- Memory Resource Controller; design, accounting, interface, testing.
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resource_counter.txt
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- Resource Counter API.

‎Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt‎

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@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ hierarchy, and a set of subsystems; each subsystem has system-specific
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state attached to each cgroup in the hierarchy. Each hierarchy has
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an instance of the cgroup virtual filesystem associated with it.
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At any one time there may be multiple active hierachies of task
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At any one time there may be multiple active hierarchies of task
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cgroups. Each hierarchy is a partition of all tasks in the system.
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User level code may create and destroy cgroups by name in an
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/ \
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Prof (15%) students (5%)
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Browsers like firefox/lynx go into the WWW network class, while (k)nfsd go
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Browsers like Firefox/Lynx go into the WWW network class, while (k)nfsd go
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into NFS network class.
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At the same time firefox/lynx will share an appropriate CPU/Memory class
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At the same time Firefox/Lynx will share an appropriate CPU/Memory class
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depending on who launched it (prof/student).
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With the ability to classify tasks differently for different resources
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Creating, modifying, using the cgroups can be done through the cgroup
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virtual filesystem.
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To mount a cgroup hierarchy will all available subsystems, type:
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To mount a cgroup hierarchy with all available subsystems, type:
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# mount -t cgroup xxx /dev/cgroup
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The "xxx" is not interpreted by the cgroup code, but will appear in
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void post_clone(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cgroup *cgrp)
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(cgroup_mutex held by caller)
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Called at the end of cgroup_clone() to do any paramater
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Called at the end of cgroup_clone() to do any parameter
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initialization which might be required before a task could attach. For
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example in cpusets, no task may attach before 'cpus' and 'mems' are set
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up.

‎Documentation/cgroups/cpusets.txt‎

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@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ Cpusets extends these two mechanisms as follows:
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- The hierarchy of cpusets can be mounted at /dev/cpuset, for
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browsing and manipulation from user space.
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- A cpuset may be marked exclusive, which ensures that no other
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cpuset (except direct ancestors and descendents) may contain
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cpuset (except direct ancestors and descendants) may contain
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any overlapping CPUs or Memory Nodes.
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- You can list all the tasks (by pid) attached to any cpuset.
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--------------------------------
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If a cpuset is cpu or mem exclusive, no other cpuset, other than
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a direct ancestor or descendent, may share any of the same CPUs or
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a direct ancestor or descendant, may share any of the same CPUs or
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Memory Nodes.
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A cpuset that is mem_exclusive *or* mem_hardwall is "hardwalled",
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When doing this, you don't usually want to leave any unpinned tasks in
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the top cpuset that might use non-trivial amounts of CPU, as such tasks
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may be artificially constrained to some subset of CPUs, depending on
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the particulars of this flag setting in descendent cpusets. Even if
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the particulars of this flag setting in descendant cpusets. Even if
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such a task could use spare CPU cycles in some other CPUs, the kernel
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scheduler might not consider the possibility of load balancing that
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task to that underused CPU.
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Of course it takes some searching cost to find movable tasks and/or
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idle CPUs, the scheduler might not search all CPUs in the domain
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everytime. In fact, in some architectures, the searching ranges on
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every time. In fact, in some architectures, the searching ranges on
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events are limited in the same socket or node where the CPU locates,
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while the load balance on tick searchs all.
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while the load balance on tick searches all.
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For example, assume CPU Z is relatively far from CPU X. Even if CPU Z
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is idle while CPU X and the siblings are busy, scheduler can't migrate
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of MPOL_BIND nodes are still allowed in the new cpuset. If the task
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was using MPOL_BIND and now none of its MPOL_BIND nodes are allowed
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in the new cpuset, then the task will be essentially treated as if it
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was MPOL_BIND bound to the new cpuset (even though its numa placement,
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was MPOL_BIND bound to the new cpuset (even though its NUMA placement,
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as queried by get_mempolicy(), doesn't change). If a task is moved
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from one cpuset to another, then the kernel will adjust the tasks
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memory placement, as above, the next time that the kernel attempts

‎Documentation/cgroups/devices.txt‎

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@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ suffice, but we can decide the best way to adequately restrict
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movement as people get some experience with this. We may just want
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to require CAP_SYS_ADMIN, which at least is a separate bit from
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CAP_MKNOD. We may want to just refuse moving to a cgroup which
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isn't a descendent of the current one. Or we may want to use
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isn't a descendant of the current one. Or we may want to use
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CAP_MAC_ADMIN, since we really are trying to lock down root.
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CAP_SYS_ADMIN is needed to modify the whitelist or move another

‎Documentation/cgroups/memcg_test.txt‎

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(Shell-B)
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# move all tasks in /cgroup/test to /cgroup
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# /sbin/swapoff -a
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# rmdir /test/cgroup
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# rmdir /cgroup/test
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# kill malloc task.
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Of course, tmpfs v.s. swapoff test should be tested, too.

‎Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt‎

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unevictable - # of pages cannot be reclaimed.(mlocked etc)
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Below is depend on CONFIG_DEBUG_VM.
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inactive_ratio - VM inernal parameter. (see mm/page_alloc.c)
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inactive_ratio - VM internal parameter. (see mm/page_alloc.c)
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recent_rotated_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
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recent_rotated_file - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)
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recent_scanned_anon - VM internal parameter. (see mm/vmscan.c)

‎Documentation/filesystems/ext3.txt‎

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When mounting an ext3 filesystem, the following option are accepted:
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(*) == default
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ro Mount filesystem read only. Note that ext3 will replay
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the journal (and thus write to the partition) even when
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mounted "read only". Mount options "ro,noload" can be
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used to prevent writes to the filesystem.
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journal=update Update the ext3 file system's journal to the current
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format.
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noload Don't load the journal on mounting.
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noload Don't load the journal on mounting. Note that this forces
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mount of inconsistent filesystem, which can lead to
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various problems.
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data=journal All data are committed into the journal prior to being
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debug Extra debugging information is sent to syslog.
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errors=remount-ro(*) Remount the filesystem read-only on an error.
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errors=remount-ro Remount the filesystem read-only on an error.
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errors=continue Keep going on a filesystem error.
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errors=panic Panic and halt the machine if an error occurs.
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(These mount options override the errors behavior
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specified in the superblock, which can be
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data_err=ignore(*) Just print an error message if an error occurs
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in a file data buffer in ordered mode.

‎Documentation/ia64/kvm.txt‎

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hg clone http://xenbits.xensource.com/ext/efi-vfirmware.hg
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you can get the firmware's binary in the directory of efi-vfirmware.hg/binaries.
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(3) Rename the firware you owned to Flash.fd, and copy it to /usr/local/share/qemu
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(3) Rename the firmware you owned to Flash.fd, and copy it to /usr/local/share/qemu
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4. Boot up Linux or Windows guests:
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4.1 Create or install a image for guest boot. If you have xen experience, it should be easy.

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