# Copyright 2015 Google Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""Parent client for calling the Google Cloud Bigtable API.

This is the base from which all interactions with the API occur.

In the hierarchy of API concepts

* a :class:`~google.cloud.bigtable.client.Client` owns an
  :class:`~google.cloud.bigtable.instance.Instance`
* an :class:`~google.cloud.bigtable.instance.Instance` owns a
  :class:`~google.cloud.bigtable.table.Table`
* a :class:`~google.cloud.bigtable.table.Table` owns a
  :class:`~.column_family.ColumnFamily`
* a :class:`~google.cloud.bigtable.table.Table` owns a
  :class:`~google.cloud.bigtable.row.Row` (and all the cells in the row)
"""


import os

from google.gax.utils import metrics
from google.longrunning import operations_grpc

from google.cloud._helpers import make_insecure_stub
from google.cloud._helpers import make_secure_stub
from google.cloud._http import DEFAULT_USER_AGENT
from google.cloud.client import ClientWithProject
from google.cloud.environment_vars import BIGTABLE_EMULATOR

from google.cloud.bigtable import __version__
from google.cloud.bigtable._generated import bigtable_instance_admin_pb2
from google.cloud.bigtable._generated import bigtable_pb2
from google.cloud.bigtable._generated import bigtable_table_admin_pb2
from google.cloud.bigtable.cluster import DEFAULT_SERVE_NODES
from google.cloud.bigtable.instance import Instance
from google.cloud.bigtable.instance import _EXISTING_INSTANCE_LOCATION_ID


TABLE_ADMIN_HOST = 'bigtableadmin.googleapis.com'
"""Table Admin API request host."""

INSTANCE_ADMIN_HOST = 'bigtableadmin.googleapis.com'
"""Cluster Admin API request host."""

DATA_API_HOST = 'bigtable.googleapis.com'
"""Data API request host."""

OPERATIONS_API_HOST = INSTANCE_ADMIN_HOST

ADMIN_SCOPE = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigtable.admin'
"""Scope for interacting with the Cluster Admin and Table Admin APIs."""
DATA_SCOPE = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigtable.data'
"""Scope for reading and writing table data."""
READ_ONLY_SCOPE = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigtable.data.readonly'
"""Scope for reading table data."""

_METRICS_HEADERS = (
    ('gccl', __version__),
)
_HEADER_STR = metrics.stringify(metrics.fill(_METRICS_HEADERS))
_GRPC_EXTRA_OPTIONS = (
    ('x-goog-api-client', _HEADER_STR),
)
# NOTE: 'grpc.max_message_length' will no longer be recognized in
#       grpcio 1.1 and later.
_MAX_MSG_LENGTH_100MB = 100 * 1024 * 1024
_GRPC_MAX_LENGTH_OPTIONS = _GRPC_EXTRA_OPTIONS + (
    ('grpc.max_message_length', _MAX_MSG_LENGTH_100MB),
    ('grpc.max_receive_message_length', _MAX_MSG_LENGTH_100MB),
)


def _make_data_stub(client):
    """Creates gRPC stub to make requests to the Data API.

    :type client: :class:`Client`
    :param client: The client that will hold the stub.

    :rtype: :class:`._generated.bigtable_pb2.BigtableStub`
    :returns: A gRPC stub object.
    """
    if client.emulator_host is None:
        return make_secure_stub(client.credentials, client.user_agent,
                                bigtable_pb2.BigtableStub, DATA_API_HOST,
                                extra_options=_GRPC_MAX_LENGTH_OPTIONS)
    else:
        return make_insecure_stub(bigtable_pb2.BigtableStub,
                                  client.emulator_host)


def _make_instance_stub(client):
    """Creates gRPC stub to make requests to the Instance Admin API.

    :type client: :class:`Client`
    :param client: The client that will hold the stub.

    :rtype: :class:`.bigtable_instance_admin_pb2.BigtableInstanceAdminStub`
    :returns: A gRPC stub object.
    """
    if client.emulator_host is None:
        return make_secure_stub(
            client.credentials, client.user_agent,
            bigtable_instance_admin_pb2.BigtableInstanceAdminStub,
            INSTANCE_ADMIN_HOST, extra_options=_GRPC_EXTRA_OPTIONS)
    else:
        return make_insecure_stub(
            bigtable_instance_admin_pb2.BigtableInstanceAdminStub,
            client.emulator_host)


def _make_operations_stub(client):
    """Creates gRPC stub to make requests to the Operations API.

    These are for long-running operations of the Instance Admin API,
    hence the host and port matching.

    :type client: :class:`Client`
    :param client: The client that will hold the stub.

    :rtype: :class:`google.longrunning.operations_grpc.OperationsStub`
    :returns: A gRPC stub object.
    """
    if client.emulator_host is None:
        return make_secure_stub(
            client.credentials, client.user_agent,
            operations_grpc.OperationsStub,
            OPERATIONS_API_HOST, extra_options=_GRPC_EXTRA_OPTIONS)
    else:
        return make_insecure_stub(operations_grpc.OperationsStub,
                                  client.emulator_host)


def _make_table_stub(client):
    """Creates gRPC stub to make requests to the Table Admin API.

    :type client: :class:`Client`
    :param client: The client that will hold the stub.

    :rtype: :class:`.bigtable_instance_admin_pb2.BigtableTableAdminStub`
    :returns: A gRPC stub object.
    """
    if client.emulator_host is None:
        return make_secure_stub(
            client.credentials, client.user_agent,
            bigtable_table_admin_pb2.BigtableTableAdminStub,
            TABLE_ADMIN_HOST, extra_options=_GRPC_EXTRA_OPTIONS)
    else:
        return make_insecure_stub(
            bigtable_table_admin_pb2.BigtableTableAdminStub,
            client.emulator_host)


class Client(ClientWithProject):
    """Client for interacting with Google Cloud Bigtable API.

    .. note::

        Since the Cloud Bigtable API requires the gRPC transport, no
        ``_http`` argument is accepted by this class.

    :type project: :class:`str` or :func:`unicode <unicode>`
    :param project: (Optional) The ID of the project which owns the
                    instances, tables and data. If not provided, will
                    attempt to determine from the environment.

    :type credentials: :class:`~google.auth.credentials.Credentials`
    :param credentials: (Optional) The OAuth2 Credentials to use for this
                        client. If not passed, falls back to the default
                        inferred from the environment.

    :type read_only: bool
    :param read_only: (Optional) Boolean indicating if the data scope should be
                      for reading only (or for writing as well). Defaults to
                      :data:`False`.

    :type admin: bool
    :param admin: (Optional) Boolean indicating if the client will be used to
                  interact with the Instance Admin or Table Admin APIs. This
                  requires the :const:`ADMIN_SCOPE`. Defaults to :data:`False`.

    :type user_agent: str
    :param user_agent: (Optional) The user agent to be used with API request.
                       Defaults to :const:`DEFAULT_USER_AGENT`.

    :raises: :class:`ValueError <exceptions.ValueError>` if both ``read_only``
             and ``admin`` are :data:`True`
    """

    _instance_stub_internal = None
    _operations_stub_internal = None
    _table_stub_internal = None
    _SET_PROJECT = True  # Used by from_service_account_json()

    def __init__(self, project=None, credentials=None,
                 read_only=False, admin=False, user_agent=DEFAULT_USER_AGENT):
        if read_only and admin:
            raise ValueError('A read-only client cannot also perform'
                             'administrative actions.')

        # NOTE: We set the scopes **before** calling the parent constructor.
        #       It **may** use those scopes in ``with_scopes_if_required``.
        self._read_only = bool(read_only)
        self._admin = bool(admin)
        self.SCOPE = self._get_scopes()

        # NOTE: This API has no use for the _http argument, but sending it
        #       will have no impact since the _http() @property only lazily
        #       creates a working HTTP object.
        super(Client, self).__init__(
            project=project, credentials=credentials, _http=None)
        self.user_agent = user_agent
        self.emulator_host = os.getenv(BIGTABLE_EMULATOR)

        # Create gRPC stubs for making requests.
        self._data_stub = _make_data_stub(self)
        if self._admin:
            self._instance_stub_internal = _make_instance_stub(self)
            self._operations_stub_internal = _make_operations_stub(self)
            self._table_stub_internal = _make_table_stub(self)

    def _get_scopes(self):
        """Get the scopes corresponding to admin / read-only state.

        Returns:
            Tuple[str, ...]: The tuple of scopes.
        """
        if self._read_only:
            scopes = (READ_ONLY_SCOPE,)
        else:
            scopes = (DATA_SCOPE,)

        if self._admin:
            scopes += (ADMIN_SCOPE,)

        return scopes

    def copy(self):
        """Make a copy of this client.

        Copies the local data stored as simple types but does not copy the
        current state of any open connections with the Cloud Bigtable API.

        :rtype: :class:`.Client`
        :returns: A copy of the current client.
        """
        return self.__class__(
            self.project,
            self._credentials,
            self._read_only,
            self._admin,
            self.user_agent,
        )

    @property
    def credentials(self):
        """Getter for client's credentials.

        :rtype:
            :class:`OAuth2Credentials <oauth2client.client.OAuth2Credentials>`
        :returns: The credentials stored on the client.
        """
        return self._credentials

    @property
    def project_name(self):
        """Project name to be used with Instance Admin API.

        .. note::

            This property will not change if ``project`` does not, but the
            return value is not cached.

        The project name is of the form

            ``"projects/{project}"``

        :rtype: str
        :returns: The project name to be used with the Cloud Bigtable Admin
                  API RPC service.
        """
        return 'projects/' + self.project

    @property
    def _instance_stub(self):
        """Getter for the gRPC stub used for the Instance Admin API.

        :rtype: :class:`.bigtable_instance_admin_pb2.BigtableInstanceAdminStub`
        :returns: A gRPC stub object.
        :raises: :class:`ValueError <exceptions.ValueError>` if the current
                 client is not an admin client or if it has not been
                 :meth:`start`-ed.
        """
        if not self._admin:
            raise ValueError('Client is not an admin client.')
        return self._instance_stub_internal

    @property
    def _operations_stub(self):
        """Getter for the gRPC stub used for the Operations API.

        :rtype: :class:`google.longrunning.operations_grpc.OperationsStub`
        :returns: A gRPC stub object.
        :raises: :class:`ValueError <exceptions.ValueError>` if the current
                 client is not an admin client or if it has not been
                 :meth:`start`-ed.
        """
        if not self._admin:
            raise ValueError('Client is not an admin client.')
        return self._operations_stub_internal

    @property
    def _table_stub(self):
        """Getter for the gRPC stub used for the Table Admin API.

        :rtype: :class:`.bigtable_instance_admin_pb2.BigtableTableAdminStub`
        :returns: A gRPC stub object.
        :raises: :class:`ValueError <exceptions.ValueError>` if the current
                 client is not an admin client or if it has not been
                 :meth:`start`-ed.
        """
        if not self._admin:
            raise ValueError('Client is not an admin client.')
        return self._table_stub_internal

    def instance(self, instance_id, location=_EXISTING_INSTANCE_LOCATION_ID,
                 display_name=None, serve_nodes=DEFAULT_SERVE_NODES):
        """Factory to create a instance associated with this client.

        :type instance_id: str
        :param instance_id: The ID of the instance.

        :type location: str
        :param location: location name, in form
                         ``projects/<project>/locations/<location>``; used to
                         set up the instance's cluster.

        :type display_name: str
        :param display_name: (Optional) The display name for the instance in
                             the Cloud Console UI. (Must be between 4 and 30
                             characters.) If this value is not set in the
                             constructor, will fall back to the instance ID.

        :type serve_nodes: int
        :param serve_nodes: (Optional) The number of nodes in the instance's
                            cluster; used to set up the instance's cluster.

        :rtype: :class:`~google.cloud.bigtable.instance.Instance`
        :returns: an instance owned by this client.
        """
        return Instance(instance_id, self, location,
                        display_name=display_name, serve_nodes=serve_nodes)

    def list_instances(self):
        """List instances owned by the project.

        :rtype: tuple
        :returns: A pair of results, the first is a list of
                  :class:`~google.cloud.bigtable.instance.Instance` objects
                  returned and the second is a list of strings (the failed
                  locations in the request).
        """
        request_pb = bigtable_instance_admin_pb2.ListInstancesRequest(
            parent=self.project_name)

        response = self._instance_stub.ListInstances(request_pb)

        instances = [Instance.from_pb(instance_pb, self)
                     for instance_pb in response.instances]
        return instances, response.failed_locations
