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Fixes #589 Better documentation for Linux installation
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‎docs/starting/install/linux.rst‎

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Installing Python on Linux
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==========================
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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If you want to check which Python version you have already installed fire up a terminal and type:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ python --version
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Or you can type:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ python
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and you should get something similar to:
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Python 2.7.5 (default, Jun 17 2014, 18:11:42)
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[GCC 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16)] on linux2
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Type “help”, “copyright”, “credits” or “license” for more information.
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If you want to exit simply type:
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.. code-block:: console
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>>> quit()
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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The latest versions of Ubuntu and Fedora **come with Python 2.7 out of the box**.
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The latest versions of Redhat Enterprise (RHEL) and CentOS come with Python 2.6.
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for real-world use. In particular, you should always install Setuptools, as
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it makes it much easier for you to use other third-party Python libraries.
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Distutils
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---------
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Distutils is still the standard tool for packaging in Python.
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It's included in the standard library (Python 2 and Python 3.0 to 3.3).
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It's useful for simple Python distributions, but lacks features.
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It introduces the distutils Python package that can be imported in your setup.py script.
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Setuptools
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----------
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Was developed to overcome Distutils' limitations, and is not included in the standard library.
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It introduced a command-line utility called easy_install.
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It also introduced the setuptools Python package that can be imported in your setup.py script, and the pkg_resources
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Python package that can be imported in your code to locate data files installed with a distribution.
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One of its gotchas is that it monkey-patches the distutils Python package.
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It should work well with pip. The latest version was released in July 2013.
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Setuptools & Pip
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----------------
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The most crucial third-party Python software of all is Setuptools, which
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extends the packaging and installation facilities provided by the distutils
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in the standard library. Once you add Setuptools to your Python system you can
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deprecated, so we will install its replacement: **pip**. Pip allows for
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uninstallation of packages, and is actively maintained, unlike easy_install.
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To install pip, simply open a command prompt and run
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To install pip FOR ALL USERS, simply open a command prompt and use the appropriate command according your Linux distro:
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.. code-block:: console
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For RHEL / CentOS / Fedora Linux installation:
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----------------------------------------------
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.. code-block:: console
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# yum -y install python-pip
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After completed add an alias to it on your ~./bashrc :
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$ echo 'alias pip="/usr/bin/pip-python"' >> $HOME/.bashrc
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$ . $HOME/.bashrc
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$ easy_install pip
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For Debian / Ubuntu Linux installation:
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---------------------------------------
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.. code-block:: console
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# apt-get install python-pip
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or
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.. code-block:: console
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$ sudo apt-get install python-pip
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Virtual Environments
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--------------------
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A Virtual Environment is a tool to keep the dependencies required by different projects
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in separate places, by creating virtual Python environments for them. It solves the
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"Project X depends on version 1.x but, Project Y needs 4.x" dilemma, and keeps
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A Virtual Environment is a tool to keep the dependencies required by different projects
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in separate places, by creating virtual Python environments for them. It solves the
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"Project X depends on version 1.x but, Project Y needs 4.x" dilemma, and keeps
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your global site-packages directory clean and manageable.
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For example, you can work on a project which requires Django 1.3 while also
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maintaining a project which requires Django 1.0.
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To start using and see more information: `Virtual Environments <http://github.com/kennethreitz/python-guide/blob/master/docs/dev/virtualenvs.rst>`_ docs.
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To start using and see more information: `Virtual Environments <http://github.com/kennethreitz/python-guide/blob/master/docs/dev/virtualenvs.rst>`_ docs.
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You can also use :ref:`virtualenvwrapper <virtualenvwrapper-ref>` to make it easier to
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manage your virtual environments.
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This page is a remixed version of `another guide <http://www.stuartellis.eu/articles/python-development-windows/>`_,
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which is available under the same license.
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