# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.

# Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation

# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.

# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.

#

# Translators:

# python-doc bot, 2025

# 99 <wh2099@pm.me>, 2026

# Freesand Leo <yuqinju@163.com>, 2026

#

#, fuzzy

msgid ""

msgstr ""

"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.14\n"

"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"

"POT-Creation-Date: 2026-05-07 16:02+0000\n"

"PO-Revision-Date: 2025-09-16 00:00+0000\n"

"Last-Translator: Freesand Leo <yuqinju@163.com>, 2026\n"

"Language-Team: Chinese (China) (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/zh_CN/)\n"

"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"

"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"

"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

"Language: zh_CN\n"

"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:5

msgid "Logging Cookbook"

msgstr "日志专题手册"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:0

msgid "Author"

msgstr "作者"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:7

msgid "Vinay Sajip <vinay_sajip at red-dove dot com>"

msgstr "Vinay Sajip <vinay_sajip at red-dove dot com>"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:9

msgid ""

"This page contains a number of recipes related to logging, which have been "

"found useful in the past. For links to tutorial and reference information, "

"please see :ref:`cookbook-ref-links`."

msgstr "本页面包含多个与日志相关的专题，历史证明它们是很有用的。教程和参考信息的链接另见 :ref:`cookbook-ref-links`。"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:16

msgid "Using logging in multiple modules"

msgstr "在多模块中使用日志"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:18

msgid ""

"Multiple calls to ``logging.getLogger('someLogger')`` return a reference to "

"the same logger object. This is true not only within the same module, but "

"also across modules as long as it is in the same Python interpreter process."

" It is true for references to the same object; additionally, application "

"code can define and configure a parent logger in one module and create (but "

"not configure) a child logger in a separate module, and all logger calls to "

"the child will pass up to the parent. Here is a main module::"

msgstr ""

"无论对 ``logging.getLogger('someLogger')`` 进行多少次调用，都会返回同一个 logger "

"对象的引用。不仅在同一个模块内如此，只要是在同一个 Python "

"解释器进程中，跨模块调用也是一样。同样是引用同一个对象，应用程序也可以在一个模块中定义和配置一个父 "

"logger，而在另一个单独的模块中创建（但不配置）子 logger，对于子 logger 的所有调用都会传给父 logger。以下是主模块::"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:26

msgid ""

"import logging\n"

"import auxiliary_module\n"

"\n"

"# create logger with 'spam_application'\n"

"logger = logging.getLogger('spam_application')\n"

"logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"

"# create file handler which logs even debug messages\n"

"fh = logging.FileHandler('spam.log')\n"

"fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"

"# create console handler with a higher log level\n"

"ch = logging.StreamHandler()\n"

"ch.setLevel(logging.ERROR)\n"

"# create formatter and add it to the handlers\n"

"formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')\n"

"fh.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"ch.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"# add the handlers to the logger\n"

"logger.addHandler(fh)\n"

"logger.addHandler(ch)\n"

"\n"

"logger.info('creating an instance of auxiliary_module.Auxiliary')\n"

"a = auxiliary_module.Auxiliary()\n"

"logger.info('created an instance of auxiliary_module.Auxiliary')\n"

"logger.info('calling auxiliary_module.Auxiliary.do_something')\n"

"a.do_something()\n"

"logger.info('finished auxiliary_module.Auxiliary.do_something')\n"

"logger.info('calling auxiliary_module.some_function()')\n"

"auxiliary_module.some_function()\n"

"logger.info('done with auxiliary_module.some_function()')"

msgstr ""

"import logging\n"

"import auxiliary_module\n"

"\n"

"# 创建 'spam_application' 日志记录器\n"

"logger = logging.getLogger('spam_application')\n"

"logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"

"# 创建可记录调试消息的文件处理器\n"

"fh = logging.FileHandler('spam.log')\n"

"fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"

"# 创建具有更高日志层级的控制台处理器\n"

"ch = logging.StreamHandler()\n"

"ch.setLevel(logging.ERROR)\n"

"# 创建格式化器并将其添加到处理器\n"

"formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')\n"

"fh.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"ch.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"# 将处理器添加到日志记录器\n"

"logger.addHandler(fh)\n"

"logger.addHandler(ch)\n"

"\n"

"logger.info('creating an instance of auxiliary_module.Auxiliary')\n"

"a = auxiliary_module.Auxiliary()\n"

"logger.info('created an instance of auxiliary_module.Auxiliary')\n"

"logger.info('calling auxiliary_module.Auxiliary.do_something')\n"

"a.do_something()\n"

"logger.info('finished auxiliary_module.Auxiliary.do_something')\n"

"logger.info('calling auxiliary_module.some_function()')\n"

"auxiliary_module.some_function()\n"

"logger.info('done with auxiliary_module.some_function()')"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:56

msgid "Here is the auxiliary module::"

msgstr "以下是辅助模块::"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:58

msgid ""

"import logging\n"

"\n"

"# create logger\n"

"module_logger = logging.getLogger('spam_application.auxiliary')\n"

"\n"

"class Auxiliary:\n"

" def __init__(self):\n"

" self.logger = logging.getLogger('spam_application.auxiliary.Auxiliary')\n"

" self.logger.info('creating an instance of Auxiliary')\n"

"\n"

" def do_something(self):\n"

" self.logger.info('doing something')\n"

" a = 1 + 1\n"

" self.logger.info('done doing something')\n"

"\n"

"def some_function():\n"

" module_logger.info('received a call to \"some_function\"')"

msgstr ""

"import logging\n"

"\n"

"# 创建日志记录器\n"

"module_logger = logging.getLogger('spam_application.auxiliary')\n"

"\n"

"class Auxiliary:\n"

" def __init__(self):\n"

" self.logger = logging.getLogger('spam_application.auxiliary.Auxiliary')\n"

" self.logger.info('creating an instance of Auxiliary')\n"

"\n"

" def do_something(self):\n"

" self.logger.info('doing something')\n"

" a = 1 + 1\n"

" self.logger.info('done doing something')\n"

"\n"

"def some_function():\n"

" module_logger.info('received a call to \"some_function\"')"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:76

msgid "The output looks like this:"

msgstr "输出结果会像这样："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:78

msgid ""

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,663 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" creating an instance of auxiliary_module.Auxiliary\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,665 - spam_application.auxiliary.Auxiliary - INFO -\n"

" creating an instance of Auxiliary\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,665 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" created an instance of auxiliary_module.Auxiliary\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,668 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" calling auxiliary_module.Auxiliary.do_something\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,668 - spam_application.auxiliary.Auxiliary - INFO -\n"

" doing something\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,669 - spam_application.auxiliary.Auxiliary - INFO -\n"

" done doing something\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,670 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" finished auxiliary_module.Auxiliary.do_something\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,671 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" calling auxiliary_module.some_function()\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,672 - spam_application.auxiliary - INFO -\n"

" received a call to 'some_function'\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,673 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" done with auxiliary_module.some_function()"

msgstr ""

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,663 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" creating an instance of auxiliary_module.Auxiliary\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,665 - spam_application.auxiliary.Auxiliary - INFO -\n"

" creating an instance of Auxiliary\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,665 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" created an instance of auxiliary_module.Auxiliary\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,668 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" calling auxiliary_module.Auxiliary.do_something\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,668 - spam_application.auxiliary.Auxiliary - INFO -\n"

" doing something\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,669 - spam_application.auxiliary.Auxiliary - INFO -\n"

" done doing something\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,670 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" finished auxiliary_module.Auxiliary.do_something\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,671 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" calling auxiliary_module.some_function()\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,672 - spam_application.auxiliary - INFO -\n"

" received a call to 'some_function'\n"

"2005-03-23 23:47:11,673 - spam_application - INFO -\n"

" done with auxiliary_module.some_function()"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:102

msgid "Logging from multiple threads"

msgstr "在多个线程中记录日志"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:104

msgid ""

"Logging from multiple threads requires no special effort. The following "

"example shows logging from the main (initial) thread and another thread::"

msgstr "多线程记录日志并不需要特殊处理，以下示例演示了在主线程（起始线程）和其他线程中记录日志的过程::"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:107

msgid ""

"import logging\n"

"import threading\n"

"import time\n"

"\n"

"def worker(arg):\n"

" while not arg['stop']:\n"

" logging.debug('Hi from myfunc')\n"

" time.sleep(0.5)\n"

"\n"

"def main():\n"

" logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(relativeCreated)6d %(threadName)s %(message)s')\n"

" info = {'stop': False}\n"

" thread = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=(info,))\n"

" thread.start()\n"

" while True:\n"

" try:\n"

" logging.debug('Hello from main')\n"

" time.sleep(0.75)\n"

" except KeyboardInterrupt:\n"

" info['stop'] = True\n"

" break\n"

" thread.join()\n"

"\n"

"if __name__ == '__main__':\n"

" main()"

msgstr ""

"import logging\n"

"import threading\n"

"import time\n"

"\n"

"def worker(arg):\n"

" while not arg['stop']:\n"

" logging.debug('Hi from myfunc')\n"

" time.sleep(0.5)\n"

"\n"

"def main():\n"

" logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(relativeCreated)6d %(threadName)s %(message)s')\n"

" info = {'stop': False}\n"

" thread = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=(info,))\n"

" thread.start()\n"

" while True:\n"

" try:\n"

" logging.debug('Hello from main')\n"

" time.sleep(0.75)\n"

" except KeyboardInterrupt:\n"

" info['stop'] = True\n"

" break\n"

" thread.join()\n"

"\n"

"if __name__ == '__main__':\n"

" main()"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:133

msgid "When run, the script should print something like the following:"

msgstr "脚本会运行输出类似下面的内容："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:135

msgid ""

" 0 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

" 3 MainThread Hello from main\n"

" 505 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

" 755 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"1007 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"1507 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"1508 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"2010 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"2258 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"2512 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"3009 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"3013 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"3515 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"3761 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"4017 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"4513 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"4518 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc"

msgstr ""

" 0 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

" 3 MainThread Hello from main\n"

" 505 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

" 755 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"1007 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"1507 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"1508 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"2010 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"2258 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"2512 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"3009 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"3013 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"3515 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"3761 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"4017 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc\n"

"4513 MainThread Hello from main\n"

"4518 Thread-1 Hi from myfunc"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:155

msgid ""

"This shows the logging output interspersed as one might expect. This "

"approach works for more threads than shown here, of course."

msgstr "以上如期显示了不同线程的日志是交替输出的。当然更多的线程也会如此。"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:159

msgid "Multiple handlers and formatters"

msgstr "多个 handler 和多种 formatter"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:161

msgid ""

"Loggers are plain Python objects. The :meth:`~Logger.addHandler` method has"

" no minimum or maximum quota for the number of handlers you may add. "

"Sometimes it will be beneficial for an application to log all messages of "

"all severities to a text file while simultaneously logging errors or above "

"to the console. To set this up, simply configure the appropriate handlers."

" The logging calls in the application code will remain unchanged. Here is "

"a slight modification to the previous simple module-based configuration "

"example::"

msgstr ""

"日志是个普通的 Python 对象。 :meth:`~Logger.addHandler` 方法可加入不限数量的日志 "

"handler。有时候，应用程序需把严重错误信息记入文本文件，而将一般错误或其他级别的信息输出到控制台。若要进行这样的设定，只需多配置几个日志 "

"handler 即可，应用程序的日志调用代码可以保持不变。下面对之前的分模块日志示例略做修改::"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:169

msgid ""

"import logging\n"

"\n"

"logger = logging.getLogger('simple_example')\n"

"logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"

"# create file handler which logs even debug messages\n"

"fh = logging.FileHandler('spam.log')\n"

"fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"

"# create console handler with a higher log level\n"

"ch = logging.StreamHandler()\n"

"ch.setLevel(logging.ERROR)\n"

"# create formatter and add it to the handlers\n"

"formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')\n"

"ch.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"fh.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"# add the handlers to logger\n"

"logger.addHandler(ch)\n"

"logger.addHandler(fh)\n"

"\n"

"# 'application' code\n"

"logger.debug('debug message')\n"

"logger.info('info message')\n"

"logger.warning('warn message')\n"

"logger.error('error message')\n"

"logger.critical('critical message')"

msgstr ""

"import logging\n"

"\n"

"logger = logging.getLogger('simple_example')\n"

"logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"

"# 创建可记录调试消息的文件处理器\n"

"fh = logging.FileHandler('spam.log')\n"

"fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"

"# 创建具有更高日志层级的控制台处理器\n"

"ch = logging.StreamHandler()\n"

"ch.setLevel(logging.ERROR)\n"

"# 创建格式化器并将其添加到处理器\n"

"formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')\n"

"ch.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"fh.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"# 将处理器添加到日志记录器\n"

"logger.addHandler(ch)\n"

"logger.addHandler(fh)\n"

"\n"

"# '应用程序' 代码\n"

"logger.debug('debug message')\n"

"logger.info('info message')\n"

"logger.warning('warn message')\n"

"logger.error('error message')\n"

"logger.critical('critical message')"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:194

msgid ""

"Notice that the 'application' code does not care about multiple handlers. "

"All that changed was the addition and configuration of a new handler named "

"*fh*."

msgstr ""

"需要注意的是，“应用程序”内的代码并不关心是否存在多个日志 handler。示例中所做的改变，只是新加入并配置了一个名为 *fh* 的 handler。"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:197

msgid ""

"The ability to create new handlers with higher- or lower-severity filters "

"can be very helpful when writing and testing an application. Instead of "

"using many ``print`` statements for debugging, use ``logger.debug``: Unlike "

"the print statements, which you will have to delete or comment out later, "

"the logger.debug statements can remain intact in the source code and remain "

"dormant until you need them again. At that time, the only change that needs"

" to happen is to modify the severity level of the logger and/or handler to "

"debug."

msgstr ""

"在编写和测试应用程序时，若能创建日志 handler 对不同严重级别的日志信息进行过滤，这将十分有用。 调试时无需用多条 ``print`` "

"语句，而是采用 ``logger.debug``: print 语句以后还得注释或删掉，而 logger.debug "

"语句可以原样留在源代码中保持静默。 当需要再次调试时，只要改变日志对象或 handler 的严重级别即可。"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:208

msgid "Logging to multiple destinations"

msgstr "在多个地方记录日志"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:210

msgid ""

"Let's say you want to log to console and file with different message formats"

" and in differing circumstances. Say you want to log messages with levels of"

" DEBUG and higher to file, and those messages at level INFO and higher to "

"the console. Let's also assume that the file should contain timestamps, but "

"the console messages should not. Here's how you can achieve this::"

msgstr ""

"假定要根据不同的情况将日志以不同的格式写入控制台和文件。比如把 DEBUG 以上级别的日志信息写于文件，并且把 INFO "

"以上的日志信息输出到控制台。再假设日志文件需要包含时间戳，控制台信息则不需要。以下演示了做法::"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:216

msgid ""

"import logging\n"

"\n"

"# set up logging to file - see previous section for more details\n"

"logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,\n"

" format='%(asctime)s %(name)-12s %(levelname)-8s %(message)s',\n"

" datefmt='%m-%d %H:%M',\n"

" filename='/tmp/myapp.log',\n"

" filemode='w')\n"

"# define a Handler which writes INFO messages or higher to the sys.stderr\n"

"console = logging.StreamHandler()\n"

"console.setLevel(logging.INFO)\n"

"# set a format which is simpler for console use\n"

"formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')\n"

"# tell the handler to use this format\n"

"console.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"# add the handler to the root logger\n"

"logging.getLogger().addHandler(console)\n"

"\n"

"# Now, we can log to the root logger, or any other logger. First the root...\n"

"logging.info('Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz.')\n"

"\n"

"# Now, define a couple of other loggers which might represent areas in your\n"

"# application:\n"

"\n"

"logger1 = logging.getLogger('myapp.area1')\n"

"logger2 = logging.getLogger('myapp.area2')\n"

"\n"

"logger1.debug('Quick zephyrs blow, vexing daft Jim.')\n"

"logger1.info('How quickly daft jumping zebras vex.')\n"

"logger2.warning('Jail zesty vixen who grabbed pay from quack.')\n"

"logger2.error('The five boxing wizards jump quickly.')"

msgstr ""

"import logging\n"

"\n"

"# 设置日志记录到文件 —— 参阅前一节了解详情\n"

"logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,\n"

" format='%(asctime)s %(name)-12s %(levelname)-8s %(message)s',\n"

" datefmt='%m-%d %H:%M',\n"

" filename='/tmp/myapp.log',\n"

" filemode='w')\n"

"# 定义一个将 INFO 或更高层级消息写到 sys.stderr 的处理器\n"

"console = logging.StreamHandler()\n"

"console.setLevel(logging.INFO)\n"

"# 设置一个适用于控制台的更简单格式\n"

"formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')\n"

"# 告诉处理器使用此格式\n"

"console.setFormatter(formatter)\n"

"# 将处理器添加到根日志记录器\n"

"logging.getLogger().addHandler(console)\n"

"\n"

"# 现在我们可以写入根记录器或任何其他记录器。首先是根记录器...\n"

"logging.info('Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz.')\n"

"\n"

"# 现在，定义几个可以代表你的应用程序中不同组成部分的\n"

"# 其他日志记录器：\n"

"\n"

"logger1 = logging.getLogger('myapp.area1')\n"

"logger2 = logging.getLogger('myapp.area2')\n"

"\n"

"logger1.debug('Quick zephyrs blow, vexing daft Jim.')\n"

"logger1.info('How quickly daft jumping zebras vex.')\n"

"logger2.warning('Jail zesty vixen who grabbed pay from quack.')\n"

"logger2.error('The five boxing wizards jump quickly.')"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:248

msgid "When you run this, on the console you will see"

msgstr "当运行后，你会看到控制台如下所示"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:250

msgid ""

"root : INFO Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz.\n"

"myapp.area1 : INFO How quickly daft jumping zebras vex.\n"

"myapp.area2 : WARNING Jail zesty vixen who grabbed pay from quack.\n"

"myapp.area2 : ERROR The five boxing wizards jump quickly."

msgstr ""

"root : INFO Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz.\n"

"myapp.area1 : INFO How quickly daft jumping zebras vex.\n"

"myapp.area2 : WARNING Jail zesty vixen who grabbed pay from quack.\n"

"myapp.area2 : ERROR The five boxing wizards jump quickly."

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:257

msgid "and in the file you will see something like"

msgstr "而日志文件将如下所示："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:259

msgid ""

"10-22 22:19 root INFO Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz.\n"

"10-22 22:19 myapp.area1 DEBUG Quick zephyrs blow, vexing daft Jim.\n"

"10-22 22:19 myapp.area1 INFO How quickly daft jumping zebras vex.\n"

"10-22 22:19 myapp.area2 WARNING Jail zesty vixen who grabbed pay from quack.\n"

"10-22 22:19 myapp.area2 ERROR The five boxing wizards jump quickly."

msgstr ""

"10-22 22:19 root INFO Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz.\n"

"10-22 22:19 myapp.area1 DEBUG Quick zephyrs blow, vexing daft Jim.\n"

"10-22 22:19 myapp.area1 INFO How quickly daft jumping zebras vex.\n"

"10-22 22:19 myapp.area2 WARNING Jail zesty vixen who grabbed pay from quack.\n"

"10-22 22:19 myapp.area2 ERROR The five boxing wizards jump quickly."

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:267

msgid ""

"As you can see, the DEBUG message only shows up in the file. The other "

"messages are sent to both destinations."

msgstr "如您所见，DEBUG 级别的日志信息只出现在了文件中，而其他信息则两个地方都会输出。"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:270

msgid ""

"This example uses console and file handlers, but you can use any number and "

"combination of handlers you choose."

msgstr "上述示例只用到了控制台和文件 handler，当然还可以自由组合任意数量的日志 handler。"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:273

msgid ""

"Note that the above choice of log filename ``/tmp/myapp.log`` implies use of"

" a standard location for temporary files on POSIX systems. On Windows, you "

"may need to choose a different directory name for the log - just ensure that"

" the directory exists and that you have the permissions to create and update"

" files in it."

msgstr ""

"请注意上面选择的日志文件名 ``/tmp/myapp.log`` 表示在 POSIX 系统上使用临时文件的标准位置。在 Windows "

"上，你可能需要为日志选择不同的目录名称 —— 只要确保该目录存在并且你有在其中创建和更新文件的权限。"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:282

msgid "Custom handling of levels"

msgstr "自定义处理级别"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:284

msgid ""

"Sometimes, you might want to do something slightly different from the "

"standard handling of levels in handlers, where all levels above a threshold "

"get processed by a handler. To do this, you need to use filters. Let's look "

"at a scenario where you want to arrange things as follows:"

msgstr ""

"有时，你想要做的可能略微不同于处理器中标准的级别处理方式，即某个界限以上的所有级别都会被处理器所处理。要做到这一点，你需要使用过滤器。 "

"让我们来看一个假设你想要执行如下安排的场景："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:289

msgid "Send messages of severity ``INFO`` and ``WARNING`` to ``sys.stdout``"

msgstr "将严重级别为 ``INFO`` 和 ``WARNING`` 的消息发送到 ``sys.stdout``"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:290

msgid "Send messages of severity ``ERROR`` and above to ``sys.stderr``"

msgstr "将严重级别为 ``ERROR`` 及以上的消息发送到 ``sys.stderr``"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:291

msgid "Send messages of severity ``DEBUG`` and above to file ``app.log``"

msgstr "将严重级别为 ``DEBUG`` 及以上的消息发送到文件 ``app.log``"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:293

msgid "Suppose you configure logging with the following JSON:"

msgstr "假定你使用以下 JSON 来配置日志记录："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:295

msgid ""

"{\n"

" \"version\": 1,\n"

" \"disable_existing_loggers\": false,\n"

" \"formatters\": {\n"

" \"simple\": {\n"

" \"format\": \"%(levelname)-8s - %(message)s\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"handlers\": {\n"

" \"stdout\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"INFO\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stdout\"\n"

" },\n"

" \"stderr\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"ERROR\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stderr\"\n"

" },\n"

" \"file\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.FileHandler\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"filename\": \"app.log\",\n"

" \"mode\": \"w\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"root\": {\n"

" \"level\": \"DEBUG\",\n"

" \"handlers\": [\n"

" \"stderr\",\n"

" \"stdout\",\n"

" \"file\"\n"

" ]\n"

" }\n"

"}"

msgstr ""

"{\n"

" \"version\": 1,\n"

" \"disable_existing_loggers\": false,\n"

" \"formatters\": {\n"

" \"simple\": {\n"

" \"format\": \"%(levelname)-8s - %(message)s\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"handlers\": {\n"

" \"stdout\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"INFO\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stdout\"\n"

" },\n"

" \"stderr\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"ERROR\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stderr\"\n"

" },\n"

" \"file\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.FileHandler\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"filename\": \"app.log\",\n"

" \"mode\": \"w\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"root\": {\n"

" \"level\": \"DEBUG\",\n"

" \"handlers\": [\n"

" \"stderr\",\n"

" \"stdout\",\n"

" \"file\"\n"

" ]\n"

" }\n"

"}"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:335

msgid ""

"This configuration does *almost* what we want, except that ``sys.stdout`` "

"would show messages of severity ``ERROR`` and only events of this severity "

"and higher will be tracked as well as ``INFO`` and ``WARNING`` messages. To "

"prevent this, we can set up a filter which excludes those messages and add "

"it to the relevant handler. This can be configured by adding a ``filters`` "

"section parallel to ``formatters`` and ``handlers``:"

msgstr ""

"这个配置 *几乎* 能做到我们想要的，但是除了 ``sys.stdout`` 在 ``INFO`` 和 ``WARNING`` 消息之外会只显示严重程度"

" ``ERROR`` 及以上的消息。为了防止这种情况，我们可以设置一个排除掉这些消息的过滤器并将其添加到相应的处理器中。这可以通过添加一个平行于 "

"``formatters`` 和 ``handlers`` 的 ``filters`` 节来配置："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:341

msgid ""

"{\n"

" \"filters\": {\n"

" \"warnings_and_below\": {\n"

" \"()\" : \"__main__.filter_maker\",\n"

" \"level\": \"WARNING\"\n"

" }\n"

" }\n"

"}"

msgstr ""

"{\n"

" \"filters\": {\n"

" \"warnings_and_below\": {\n"

" \"()\" : \"__main__.filter_maker\",\n"

" \"level\": \"WARNING\"\n"

" }\n"

" }\n"

"}"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:352

msgid "and changing the section on the ``stdout`` handler to add it:"

msgstr "并修改 ``stdout`` 处理器上的节来添加它："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:354

msgid ""

"{\n"

" \"stdout\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"INFO\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stdout\",\n"

" \"filters\": [\"warnings_and_below\"]\n"

" }\n"

"}"

msgstr ""

"{\n"

" \"stdout\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"INFO\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stdout\",\n"

" \"filters\": [\"warnings_and_below\"]\n"

" }\n"

"}"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:366

msgid ""

"A filter is just a function, so we can define the ``filter_maker`` (a "

"factory function) as follows:"

msgstr "过滤器就是一个函数，因此我们可以定义 ``filter_maker`` (工厂函数) 如下："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:369

msgid ""

"def filter_maker(level):\n"

" level = getattr(logging, level)\n"

"\n"

" def filter(record):\n"

" return record.levelno <= level\n"

"\n"

" return filter"

msgstr ""

"def filter_maker(level):\n"

" level = getattr(logging, level)\n"

"\n"

" def filter(record):\n"

" return record.levelno <= level\n"

"\n"

" return filter"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:379

msgid ""

"This converts the string argument passed in to a numeric level, and returns "

"a function which only returns ``True`` if the level of the passed in record "

"is at or below the specified level. Note that in this example I have defined"

" the ``filter_maker`` in a test script ``main.py`` that I run from the "

"command line, so its module will be ``__main__`` - hence the "

"``__main__.filter_maker`` in the filter configuration. You will need to "

"change that if you define it in a different module."

msgstr ""

"此函数将传入的字符串参数转换为数字级别，并返回一个仅在传入等于或低于指定数字级别的级别时返回 ``True`` 的函数。请注意在这个示例中我是将 "

"``filter_maker`` 定义在一个从命令行运行的测试脚本 ``main.py`` 中，因此其所属模块将为 ``__main__`` —— "

"即在过滤器配置中写作 ``__main__.filter_maker``。如果你在不同的模块中定义它则需要加以修改。"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:387

msgid "With the filter added, we can run ``main.py``, which in full is:"

msgstr "在添加该过滤器后，我们就可以运行 ``main.py``，完整代码如下："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:389

msgid ""

"import json\n"

"import logging\n"

"import logging.config\n"

"\n"

"CONFIG = '''\n"

"{\n"

" \"version\": 1,\n"

" \"disable_existing_loggers\": false,\n"

" \"formatters\": {\n"

" \"simple\": {\n"

" \"format\": \"%(levelname)-8s - %(message)s\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"filters\": {\n"

" \"warnings_and_below\": {\n"

" \"()\" : \"__main__.filter_maker\",\n"

" \"level\": \"WARNING\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"handlers\": {\n"

" \"stdout\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"INFO\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stdout\",\n"

" \"filters\": [\"warnings_and_below\"]\n"

" },\n"

" \"stderr\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"ERROR\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stderr\"\n"

" },\n"

" \"file\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.FileHandler\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"filename\": \"app.log\",\n"

" \"mode\": \"w\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"root\": {\n"

" \"level\": \"DEBUG\",\n"

" \"handlers\": [\n"

" \"stderr\",\n"

" \"stdout\",\n"

" \"file\"\n"

" ]\n"

" }\n"

"}\n"

"'''\n"

"\n"

"def filter_maker(level):\n"

" level = getattr(logging, level)\n"

"\n"

" def filter(record):\n"

" return record.levelno <= level\n"

"\n"

" return filter\n"

"\n"

"logging.config.dictConfig(json.loads(CONFIG))\n"

"logging.debug('A DEBUG message')\n"

"logging.info('An INFO message')\n"

"logging.warning('A WARNING message')\n"

"logging.error('An ERROR message')\n"

"logging.critical('A CRITICAL message')"

msgstr ""

"import json\n"

"import logging\n"

"import logging.config\n"

"\n"

"CONFIG = '''\n"

"{\n"

" \"version\": 1,\n"

" \"disable_existing_loggers\": false,\n"

" \"formatters\": {\n"

" \"simple\": {\n"

" \"format\": \"%(levelname)-8s - %(message)s\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"filters\": {\n"

" \"warnings_and_below\": {\n"

" \"()\" : \"__main__.filter_maker\",\n"

" \"level\": \"WARNING\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"handlers\": {\n"

" \"stdout\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"INFO\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stdout\",\n"

" \"filters\": [\"warnings_and_below\"]\n"

" },\n"

" \"stderr\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.StreamHandler\",\n"

" \"level\": \"ERROR\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"stream\": \"ext://sys.stderr\"\n"

" },\n"

" \"file\": {\n"

" \"class\": \"logging.FileHandler\",\n"

" \"formatter\": \"simple\",\n"

" \"filename\": \"app.log\",\n"

" \"mode\": \"w\"\n"

" }\n"

" },\n"

" \"root\": {\n"

" \"level\": \"DEBUG\",\n"

" \"handlers\": [\n"

" \"stderr\",\n"

" \"stdout\",\n"

" \"file\"\n"

" ]\n"

" }\n"

"}\n"

"'''\n"

"\n"

"def filter_maker(level):\n"

" level = getattr(logging, level)\n"

"\n"

" def filter(record):\n"

" return record.levelno <= level\n"

"\n"

" return filter\n"

"\n"

"logging.config.dictConfig(json.loads(CONFIG))\n"

"logging.debug('A DEBUG message')\n"

"logging.info('An INFO message')\n"

"logging.warning('A WARNING message')\n"

"logging.error('An ERROR message')\n"

"logging.critical('A CRITICAL message')"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:457

msgid "And after running it like this:"

msgstr "使用这样的命令运行它之后："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:459

msgid "python main.py 2>stderr.log >stdout.log"

msgstr "python main.py 2>stderr.log >stdout.log"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:463

msgid "We can see the results are as expected:"

msgstr "我们可以看到结果是符合预期的："

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:465

msgid ""

"$ more *.log\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"app.log\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"DEBUG - A DEBUG message\n"

"INFO - An INFO message\n"

"WARNING - A WARNING message\n"

"ERROR - An ERROR message\n"

"CRITICAL - A CRITICAL message\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"stderr.log\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"ERROR - An ERROR message\n"

"CRITICAL - A CRITICAL message\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"stdout.log\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"INFO - An INFO message\n"

"WARNING - A WARNING message"

msgstr ""

"$ more *.log\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"app.log\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"DEBUG - A DEBUG message\n"

"INFO - An INFO message\n"

"WARNING - A WARNING message\n"

"ERROR - An ERROR message\n"

"CRITICAL - A CRITICAL message\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"stderr.log\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"ERROR - An ERROR message\n"

"CRITICAL - A CRITICAL message\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"stdout.log\n"

"::::::::::::::\n"

"INFO - An INFO message\n"

"WARNING - A WARNING message"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:489

msgid "Configuration server example"

msgstr "日志配置服务器示例"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:491

msgid ""

"Here is an example of a module using the logging configuration server::"

msgstr "以下是一个用到了日志配置服务器的模块示例::"

#: ../../howto/logging-cookbook.rst:493

msgid ""

"import logging\n"

"import logging.config\n"

"import time\n"

"import os\n"

"\n"

"# read initial config file\n"

"logging.config.fileConfig('logging.conf')\n"

"\n"

"# create and start listener on port 9999\n"

"t = logging.config.listen(9999)\n"

"t.start()\n"

"\n"

"logger = logging.getLogger('simpleExample')\n"

"\n"

"try:\n"

" # loop through logging calls to see the difference\n"

" # new configurations make, until Ctrl+C is pressed\n"

" while True:\n"

" logger.debug('debug message')\n"

" logger.info('info message')\n"

" logger.warning('warn message')\n"

" logger.error('error message')\n"

" logger.critical('critical message')\n"

" time.sleep(5)\n"

"except KeyboardInterrupt:\n"

" # cleanup\n"

" logging.config.stopListening()\n"

" t.join()"

msgstr ""

"import logging\n"

"import logging.config\n"

"import time\n"

"import os\n"