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#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:3

msgid ":mod:`audioop` --- Manipulate raw audio data"

msgstr ":mod:`audioloop` --- Manipulation de données audio brutes"

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:9

msgid ""

"The :mod:`audioop` module contains some useful operations on sound "

"fragments. It operates on sound fragments consisting of signed integer "

"samples 8, 16 or 32 bits wide, stored in Python strings. This is the same "

"format as used by the :mod:`al` and :mod:`sunaudiodev` modules. All scalar "

"items are integers, unless specified otherwise."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:21

msgid ""

"This module provides support for a-LAW, u-LAW and Intel/DVI ADPCM encodings."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:25

msgid ""

"A few of the more complicated operations only take 16-bit samples, otherwise "

"the sample size (in bytes) is always a parameter of the operation."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:28

msgid "The module defines the following variables and functions:"

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:33

msgid ""

"This exception is raised on all errors, such as unknown number of bytes per "

"sample, etc."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:39

msgid ""

"Return a fragment which is the addition of the two samples passed as "

"parameters. *width* is the sample width in bytes, either ``1``, ``2`` or "

"``4``. Both fragments should have the same length. Samples are truncated "

"in case of overflow."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:46

msgid ""

"Decode an Intel/DVI ADPCM coded fragment to a linear fragment. See the "

"description of :func:`lin2adpcm` for details on ADPCM coding. Return a tuple "

"``(sample, newstate)`` where the sample has the width specified in *width*."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:53

msgid ""

"Convert sound fragments in a-LAW encoding to linearly encoded sound "

"fragments. a-LAW encoding always uses 8 bits samples, so *width* refers only "

"to the sample width of the output fragment here."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:62

msgid "Return the average over all samples in the fragment."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:67

msgid ""

"Return the average peak-peak value over all samples in the fragment. No "

"filtering is done, so the usefulness of this routine is questionable."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:73

msgid ""

"Return a fragment that is the original fragment with a bias added to each "

"sample. Samples wrap around in case of overflow."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:79

msgid ""

"Return the number of zero crossings in the fragment passed as an argument."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:84

msgid ""

"Return a factor *F* such that ``rms(add(fragment, mul(reference, -F)))`` is "

"minimal, i.e., return the factor with which you should multiply *reference* "

"to make it match as well as possible to *fragment*. The fragments should "

"both contain 2-byte samples."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:89

msgid "The time taken by this routine is proportional to ``len(fragment)``."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:94

msgid ""

"Try to match *reference* as well as possible to a portion of *fragment* "

"(which should be the longer fragment). This is (conceptually) done by "

"taking slices out of *fragment*, using :func:`findfactor` to compute the "

"best match, and minimizing the result. The fragments should both contain 2-"

"byte samples. Return a tuple ``(offset, factor)`` where *offset* is the "

"(integer) offset into *fragment* where the optimal match started and "

"*factor* is the (floating-point) factor as per :func:`findfactor`."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:105

msgid ""

"Search *fragment* for a slice of length *length* samples (not bytes!) with "

"maximum energy, i.e., return *i* for which ``rms(fragment[i*2:(i"

"+length)*2])`` is maximal. The fragments should both contain 2-byte samples."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:109

msgid "The routine takes time proportional to ``len(fragment)``."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:114

msgid "Return the value of sample *index* from the fragment."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:119

msgid ""

"Convert samples to 4 bit Intel/DVI ADPCM encoding. ADPCM coding is an "

"adaptive coding scheme, whereby each 4 bit number is the difference between "

"one sample and the next, divided by a (varying) step. The Intel/DVI ADPCM "

"algorithm has been selected for use by the IMA, so it may well become a "

"standard."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:124

msgid ""

"*state* is a tuple containing the state of the coder. The coder returns a "

"tuple ``(adpcmfrag, newstate)``, and the *newstate* should be passed to the "

"next call of :func:`lin2adpcm`. In the initial call, ``None`` can be passed "

"as the state. *adpcmfrag* is the ADPCM coded fragment packed 2 4-bit values "

"per byte."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:132

msgid ""

"Convert samples in the audio fragment to a-LAW encoding and return this as a "

"Python string. a-LAW is an audio encoding format whereby you get a dynamic "

"range of about 13 bits using only 8 bit samples. It is used by the Sun "

"audio hardware, among others."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:142

msgid "Convert samples between 1-, 2- and 4-byte formats."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:146

msgid ""

"In some audio formats, such as .WAV files, 16 and 32 bit samples are signed, "

"but 8 bit samples are unsigned. So when converting to 8 bit wide samples "

"for these formats, you need to also add 128 to the result::"

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:153

msgid ""

"The same, in reverse, has to be applied when converting from 8 to 16 or 32 "

"bit width samples."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:159

msgid ""

"Convert samples in the audio fragment to u-LAW encoding and return this as a "

"Python string. u-LAW is an audio encoding format whereby you get a dynamic "

"range of about 14 bits using only 8 bit samples. It is used by the Sun "

"audio hardware, among others."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:167

msgid ""

"Return the maximum of the *absolute value* of all samples in a fragment."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:172

msgid "Return the maximum peak-peak value in the sound fragment."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:177

msgid ""

"Return a tuple consisting of the minimum and maximum values of all samples "

"in the sound fragment."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:183

msgid ""

"Return a fragment that has all samples in the original fragment multiplied "

"by the floating-point value *factor*. Samples are truncated in case of "

"overflow."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:189

msgid "Convert the frame rate of the input fragment."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:191

msgid ""

"*state* is a tuple containing the state of the converter. The converter "

"returns a tuple ``(newfragment, newstate)``, and *newstate* should be passed "

"to the next call of :func:`ratecv`. The initial call should pass ``None`` "

"as the state."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:195

msgid ""

"The *weightA* and *weightB* arguments are parameters for a simple digital "

"filter and default to ``1`` and ``0`` respectively."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:201

msgid "Reverse the samples in a fragment and returns the modified fragment."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:206

msgid ""

"Return the root-mean-square of the fragment, i.e. ``sqrt(sum(S_i^2)/n)``."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:208

msgid "This is a measure of the power in an audio signal."

msgstr "C'est une mesure de la puissance dans un signal audio."

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:213

msgid ""

"Convert a stereo fragment to a mono fragment. The left channel is "

"multiplied by *lfactor* and the right channel by *rfactor* before adding the "

"two channels to give a mono signal."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:220

msgid ""

"Generate a stereo fragment from a mono fragment. Each pair of samples in "

"the stereo fragment are computed from the mono sample, whereby left channel "

"samples are multiplied by *lfactor* and right channel samples by *rfactor*."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:227

msgid ""

"Convert sound fragments in u-LAW encoding to linearly encoded sound "

"fragments. u-LAW encoding always uses 8 bits samples, so *width* refers only "

"to the sample width of the output fragment here."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:231

msgid ""

"Note that operations such as :func:`.mul` or :func:`.max` make no "

"distinction between mono and stereo fragments, i.e. all samples are treated "

"equal. If this is a problem the stereo fragment should be split into two "

"mono fragments first and recombined later. Here is an example of how to do "

"that::"

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:245

msgid ""

"If you use the ADPCM coder to build network packets and you want your "

"protocol to be stateless (i.e. to be able to tolerate packet loss) you "

"should not only transmit the data but also the state. Note that you should "

"send the *initial* state (the one you passed to :func:`lin2adpcm`) along to "

"the decoder, not the final state (as returned by the coder). If you want to "

"use :class:`struct.Struct` to store the state in binary you can code the "

"first element (the predicted value) in 16 bits and the second (the delta "

"index) in 8."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:253

msgid ""

"The ADPCM coders have never been tried against other ADPCM coders, only "

"against themselves. It could well be that I misinterpreted the standards in "

"which case they will not be interoperable with the respective standards."

msgstr ""

#: ../Doc/library/audioop.rst:257

msgid ""

"The :func:`find\\*` routines might look a bit funny at first sight. They are "

"primarily meant to do echo cancellation. A reasonably fast way to do this "

"is to pick the most energetic piece of the output sample, locate that in the "

"input sample and subtract the whole output sample from the input sample::"

msgstr ""