diff --git a/Lib/_pyrepl/simple_interact.py b/Lib/_pyrepl/simple_interact.py
index c169d0191bd8333..6de6b9995f1b2ae 100644
--- a/Lib/_pyrepl/simple_interact.py
+++ b/Lib/_pyrepl/simple_interact.py
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def _more_lines(console: code.InteractiveConsole, unicodetext: str) -> bool:
     src = _strip_final_indent(unicodetext)
     try:
         code = console.compile(src, "<stdin>", "single")
-    except (OverflowError, SyntaxError, ValueError):
+    except (OverflowError, SyntaxError, ValueError, SystemError):
         lines = src.splitlines(keepends=True)
         if len(lines) == 1:
             return False
diff --git a/Lib/code.py b/Lib/code.py
index df1d7199e339341..887072749a12715 100644
--- a/Lib/code.py
+++ b/Lib/code.py
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ def runsource(self, source, filename="<input>", symbol="single"):
         One of several things can happen:
 
         1) The input is incorrect; compile_command() raised an
-        exception (SyntaxError or OverflowError).  A syntax traceback
-        will be printed by calling the showsyntaxerror() method.
+        exception.  A syntax traceback will be printed by calling
+        the showsyntaxerror() method.
 
         2) The input is incomplete, and more input is required;
         compile_command() returned None.  Nothing happens.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def runsource(self, source, filename="<input>", symbol="single"):
         """
         try:
             code = self.compile(source, filename, symbol)
-        except (OverflowError, SyntaxError, ValueError):
+        except (OverflowError, SyntaxError, ValueError, SystemError):
             # Case 1
             self.showsyntaxerror(filename, source=source)
             return False
diff --git a/Lib/codeop.py b/Lib/codeop.py
index 40e88423119bc4f..f4b5e9717386654 100644
--- a/Lib/codeop.py
+++ b/Lib/codeop.py
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def _maybe_compile(compiler, source, filename, symbol, flags):
             try:
                 compiler(source + "\n", filename, symbol, flags=flags)
                 return None
-            except _IncompleteInputError:
+            except _IncompleteInputError, SystemError:
                 return None
             except SyntaxError:
                 pass
@@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ def __call__(self, source, filename="<input>", symbol="single"):
 
         - Return a code object if the command is complete and valid
         - Return None if the command is incomplete
-        - Raise SyntaxError, ValueError or OverflowError if the command is a
-          syntax error (OverflowError and ValueError can be produced by
-          malformed literals).
+        - Raise SyntaxError, ValueError, OverflowError or SystemError.
+          OverflowError and ValueError can be produced by malformed
+          literals, SystemError if source cannot be compiled.
         """
         return _maybe_compile(self.compiler, source, filename, symbol, flags=self.compiler.flags)
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_code_module.py b/Lib/test/test_code_module.py
index 3642b47c2c1f03f..6143baf59340ed0 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_code_module.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_code_module.py
@@ -324,6 +324,15 @@ def test_context_tb(self):
         self.assertIsNotNone(self.sysmod.last_traceback)
         self.assertIs(self.sysmod.last_exc, self.sysmod.last_value)
 
+    def test_system_error(self):
+        # SystemError from the compiler should be reported (runsource returns
+        # False) rather than propagating to the caller.
+        from unittest import mock
+        err = SystemError("compiler internal error")
+        self.console.compile = mock.Mock(side_effect=err)
+        result = self.console.runsource("x = 1")
+        self.assertFalse(result)
+
 
 class TestInteractiveConsoleLocalExit(unittest.TestCase, MockSys):
 
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_pyrepl/support.py b/Lib/test/test_pyrepl/support.py
index c879a2f93b63134..ebccf9822bb899c 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_pyrepl/support.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_pyrepl/support.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def more_lines(text: str, namespace: dict | None = None):
     console = InteractiveConsole(namespace, filename="<stdin>")
     try:
         code = console.compile(src, "<stdin>", "single")
-    except (OverflowError, SyntaxError, ValueError):
+    except (OverflowError, SyntaxError, ValueError, SystemError):
         return False
     else:
         return code is None
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_pyrepl/test_interact.py b/Lib/test/test_pyrepl/test_interact.py
index fd4530ebc004aa7..55dadb9a6e3aaf9 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_pyrepl/test_interact.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_pyrepl/test_interact.py
@@ -275,6 +275,13 @@ def test_incomplete_statement(self):
         console = InteractiveColoredConsole(namespace, filename="<stdin>")
         self.assertTrue(_more_lines(console, code))
 
+    def test_system_error_during_compilation(self):
+        namespace = {}
+        console = InteractiveColoredConsole(namespace, filename="<stdin>")
+        with patch.object(console, "compile", side_effect=SystemError("compiler bug")):
+            result = _more_lines(console, "some code")
+        self.assertFalse(result)
+
 
 class TestWarnings(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_pep_765_warning(self):
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-01-21-31-06.gh-issue-150732.WqHBvP.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-01-21-31-06.gh-issue-150732.WqHBvP.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000000..e9423988e58d5f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-06-01-21-31-06.gh-issue-150732.WqHBvP.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Handle :exc:`SystemError` from the compiler in ``PyREPL``, :mod:`code`, and :mod:`codeop`. Patch by Bartosz Sławecki.