python
diff --git a/‎Misc/ACKS‎
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diff --git a/‎Misc/NEWS‎
Lines changed: 3 additions & 0 deletions b/‎Misc/NEWS‎
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diff --git a/‎Modules/posixmodule.c‎
Lines changed: 30 additions & 0 deletions b/‎Modules/posixmodule.c‎
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@@ -737,6 +737,7 @@ Petri Lehtinen
 Luke Kenneth Casson Leighton
 Tshepang Lekhonkhobe
 Marc-André Lemburg
+Mateusz Lenik
 John Lenton
 Kostyantyn Leschenko
 Benno Leslie
 
@@ -184,6 +184,9 @@ Core and Builtins
 Library
 -------
 
+- Issue #17557: Fix os.getgroups() to work with the modified behavior of
+  getgroups(2) on OS X 10.8.  Original patch by Mateusz Lenik.
+
 - Issue #18608: Avoid keeping a strong reference to the locale module
   inside the _io module.
 
 
@@ -5911,6 +5911,34 @@ posix_getgroups(PyObject *self, PyObject *noargs)
     gid_t* alt_grouplist = grouplist;
     int n;
 
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+    /* Issue #17557: As of OS X 10.8, getgroups(2) no longer raises EINVAL if
+     * there are more groups than can fit in grouplist.  Therefore, on OS X
+     * always first call getgroups with length 0 to get the actual number
+     * of groups.
+     */
+    n = getgroups(0, NULL);
+    if (n < 0) {
+        return posix_error();
+    } else if (n <= MAX_GROUPS) {
+        /* groups will fit in existing array */
+        alt_grouplist = grouplist;
+    } else {
+        alt_grouplist = PyMem_Malloc(n * sizeof(gid_t));
+        if (alt_grouplist == NULL) {
+            errno = EINVAL;
+            return posix_error();
+        }
+    }
+
+    n = getgroups(n, alt_grouplist);
+    if (n == -1) {
+        if (alt_grouplist != grouplist) {
+            PyMem_Free(alt_grouplist);
+        }
+        return posix_error();
+    }
+#else
     n = getgroups(MAX_GROUPS, grouplist);
     if (n < 0) {
         if (errno == EINVAL) {
@@ -5937,6 +5965,8 @@ posix_getgroups(PyObject *self, PyObject *noargs)
             return posix_error();
         }
     }
+#endif
+
     result = PyList_New(n);
     if (result != NULL) {
         int i;