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<section id="installation">
<h1>Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#installation" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
<section id="install-an-official-release">
<h2>Install an official release<a class="headerlink" href="#install-an-official-release" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Matplotlib releases are available as wheel packages for macOS, Windows and
Linux on <a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/matplotlib/">PyPI</a>. Install it using
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>-U<span class="w"> </span>pip
python<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>-U<span class="w"> </span>matplotlib
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If this command results in Matplotlib being compiled from source and
there's trouble with the compilation, you can add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--prefer-binary</span></code> to
select the newest version of Matplotlib for which there is a
precompiled wheel for your OS and Python.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The following backends work out of the box: Agg, ps, pdf, svg</p>
<p>Python is typically shipped with tk bindings which are used by
TkAgg. Notably, python-build-standalone – used by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uv</span></code> – does
not include tk bindings that are usable by Matplotlib.</p>
<p>For support of other GUI frameworks, LaTeX rendering, saving
animations and a larger selection of file formats, you can
install <a class="reference internal" href="dependencies.html#optional-dependencies"><span class="std std-ref">optional dependencies</span></a>.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="third-party-distributions">
<h2>Third-party distributions<a class="headerlink" href="#third-party-distributions" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Various third-parties provide Matplotlib for their environments.</p>
<section id="conda-packages">
<h3>Conda packages<a class="headerlink" href="#conda-packages" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>Matplotlib is available both via the <em>anaconda main channel</em></p>
<div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>conda<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>matplotlib
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>as well as via the <em>conda-forge community channel</em></p>
<div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>conda<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>-c<span class="w"> </span>conda-forge<span class="w"> </span>matplotlib
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="python-distributions">
<h3>Python distributions<a class="headerlink" href="#python-distributions" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>Matplotlib is part of major Python distributions:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.anaconda.com/">Anaconda</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.activestate.com/products/python/downloads/">ActiveState ActivePython</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://winpython.github.io/">WinPython</a></p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="linux-package-manager">
<h3>Linux package manager<a class="headerlink" href="#linux-package-manager" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>If you are using the Python version that comes with your Linux distribution,
you can install Matplotlib via your package manager, e.g.:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Debian / Ubuntu: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sudo</span> <span class="pre">apt-get</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">python3-matplotlib</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>Fedora: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sudo</span> <span class="pre">dnf</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">python3-matplotlib</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>Red Hat: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sudo</span> <span class="pre">yum</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">python3-matplotlib</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>Arch: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sudo</span> <span class="pre">pacman</span> <span class="pre">-S</span> <span class="pre">python-matplotlib</span></code></p></li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section id="install-a-nightly-build">
<span id="install-from-source"></span><h2>Install a nightly build<a class="headerlink" href="#install-a-nightly-build" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Matplotlib makes nightly development build wheels available on the
<a class="reference external" href="https://anaconda.org/scientific-python-nightly-wheels">scientific-python-nightly-wheels Anaconda Cloud organization</a>.
These wheels can be installed with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> by specifying
scientific-python-nightly-wheels as the package index to query:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>--upgrade<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>--pre<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>--index-url<span class="w"> </span>https://pypi.anaconda.org/scientific-python-nightly-wheels/simple<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>--extra-index-url<span class="w"> </span>https://pypi.org/simple<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>matplotlib
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="id1">
<h2>Install from source<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<div class="important admonition">
<p class="admonition-title">Installing for Development</p>
<p>If you would like to contribute to Matplotlib or otherwise need to
install the latest development code, please follow the instructions in
<a class="reference internal" href="../devel/development_setup.html#installing-for-devs"><span class="std std-ref">Setting up Matplotlib for development</span></a>.</p>
</div>
<p>The following instructions are for installing from source for production use.
This is generally <em>not</em> recommended; please use prebuilt packages when possible.
Proceed with caution because these instructions may result in your
build producing unexpected behavior and/or causing local testing to fail.</p>
<p>Before trying to install Matplotlib, please install the <a class="reference internal" href="dependencies.html#dependencies"><span class="std std-ref">Dependencies</span></a>.</p>
<p>To build from a tarball, download the latest <em>tar.gz</em> release
file from <a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/matplotlib/">the PyPI files page</a>.</p>
<p>If you are building your own Matplotlib wheels (or sdists) on Windows, note
that any DLLs that you copy into the source tree will be packaged too.</p>
</section>
<section id="configure-build-and-behavior-defaults">
<h2>Configure build and behavior defaults<a class="headerlink" href="#configure-build-and-behavior-defaults" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>We provide a <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/blob/main/meson.options">meson.options</a> file containing options with which you can use to
customize the build process. For example, which default backend to use, whether some of
the optional libraries that Matplotlib ships with are installed, and so on. These
options will be particularly useful to those packaging Matplotlib.</p>
<p>Aspects of some behaviorial defaults of the library can be configured via:</p>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="environment_variables_faq.html">Environment variables</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="environment_variables_faq.html#setting-environment-variables-in-linux-and-macos">Setting environment variables in Linux and macOS</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="environment_variables_faq.html#setting-environment-variables-in-windows">Setting environment variables in Windows</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>Default plotting appearance and behavior can be configured via the
<a class="reference internal" href="../users/explain/customizing.html#customizing-with-matplotlibrc-files"><span class="std std-ref">rcParams file</span></a></p>
</section>
<section id="dependencies">
<h2>Dependencies<a class="headerlink" href="#dependencies" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Mandatory dependencies should be installed automatically if you install Matplotlib using
a package manager such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">conda</span></code>; therefore this list is primarily for
reference and troubleshooting.</p>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="dependencies.html">Dependencies</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dependencies.html#runtime-dependencies">Runtime dependencies</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dependencies.html#build-dependencies">Build dependencies</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dependencies.html#test-dependencies">Test dependencies</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dependencies.html#documentation-dependencies">Documentation dependencies</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<section id="frequently-asked-questions">
<span id="installing-faq"></span><h2>Frequently asked questions<a class="headerlink" href="#frequently-asked-questions" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<section id="report-a-compilation-problem">
<h3>Report a compilation problem<a class="headerlink" href="#report-a-compilation-problem" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../users/faq.html#reporting-problems"><span class="std std-ref">Get help</span></a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="matplotlib-compiled-fine-but-nothing-shows-up-when-i-use-it">
<h3>Matplotlib compiled fine, but nothing shows up when I use it<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib-compiled-fine-but-nothing-shows-up-when-i-use-it" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>The first thing to try is a <a class="reference internal" href="#clean-install"><span class="std std-ref">clean install</span></a> and see if
that helps. If not, the best way to test your install is by running a script,
rather than working interactively from a python shell or an integrated
development environment such as <strong class="program">IDLE</strong> which add additional
complexities. Open up a UNIX shell or a DOS command prompt and run, for
example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">python</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="s2">"from pylab import *; set_loglevel('debug'); plot(); show()"</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This will give you additional information about which backends Matplotlib is
loading, version information, and more. At this point you might want to make
sure you understand Matplotlib's <a class="reference internal" href="../users/explain/customizing.html#customizing"><span class="std std-ref">configuration</span></a>
process, governed by the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlibrc</span></code> configuration file which contains
instructions within and the concept of the Matplotlib backend.</p>
<p>If you are still having trouble, see <a class="reference internal" href="../users/faq.html#reporting-problems"><span class="std std-ref">Get help</span></a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="how-to-completely-remove-matplotlib">
<span id="clean-install"></span><h3>How to completely remove Matplotlib<a class="headerlink" href="#how-to-completely-remove-matplotlib" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>Occasionally, problems with Matplotlib can be solved with a clean
installation of the package. In order to fully remove an installed Matplotlib:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p>Delete the caches from your <a class="reference internal" href="#locating-matplotlib-config-dir"><span class="std std-ref">Matplotlib configuration directory</span></a>.</p></li>
<li><p>Delete any Matplotlib directories or eggs from your <a class="reference internal" href="#locating-matplotlib-install"><span class="std std-ref">installation
directory</span></a>.</p></li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="macos-notes">
<h3>macOS Notes<a class="headerlink" href="#macos-notes" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<section id="which-python-for-macos">
<span id="id2"></span><h4>Which python for macOS?<a class="headerlink" href="#which-python-for-macos" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h4>
<p>Apple ships macOS with its own Python, in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/bin/python</span></code>, and its own copy
of Matplotlib. Unfortunately, the way Apple currently installs its own copies
of NumPy, Scipy and Matplotlib means that these packages are difficult to
upgrade (see <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/MacPython/wiki/wiki/Which-Python#system-python-and-extra-python-packages">system python packages</a>). For that reason we strongly suggest
that you install a fresh version of Python and use that as the basis for
installing libraries such as NumPy and Matplotlib. One convenient way to
install Matplotlib with other useful Python software is to use the <a class="reference external" href="https://www.anaconda.com/">Anaconda</a>
Python scientific software collection, which includes Python itself and a
wide range of libraries; if you need a library that is not available from the
collection, you can install it yourself using standard methods such as <em>pip</em>.
See the Anaconda web page for installation support.</p>
<p>Other options for a fresh Python install are the standard installer from
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.python.org/downloads/macos/">python.org</a>, or installing
Python using a general macOS package management system such as <a class="reference external" href="https://brew.sh/">homebrew</a> or <a class="reference external" href="https://www.macports.org">macports</a>. Power users on
macOS will likely want one of homebrew or macports on their system to install
open source software packages, but it is perfectly possible to use these
systems with another source for your Python binary, such as Anaconda
or Python.org Python.</p>
</section>
<section id="installing-macos-binary-wheels">
<span id="install-macos-binaries"></span><h4>Installing macOS binary wheels<a class="headerlink" href="#installing-macos-binary-wheels" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h4>
<p>If you are using Python from <a class="reference external" href="https://www.python.org">https://www.python.org</a>, Homebrew, or Macports,
then you can use the standard pip installer to install Matplotlib binaries in
the form of wheels.</p>
<p>pip is installed by default with python.org and Homebrew Python, but needs to
be manually installed on Macports with</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">port</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">py38</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">pip</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Once pip is installed, you can install Matplotlib and all its dependencies with
from the Terminal.app command line:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">python3</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">matplotlib</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You might also want to install IPython or the Jupyter notebook (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python3</span> <span class="pre">-m</span> <span class="pre">pip</span>
<span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">ipython</span> <span class="pre">notebook</span></code>).</p>
</section>
<section id="checking-your-installation">
<h4>Checking your installation<a class="headerlink" href="#checking-your-installation" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h4>
<p>The new version of Matplotlib should now be on your Python "path". Check this
at the Terminal.app command line:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">python3</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">c</span> <span class="s1">'import matplotlib; print(matplotlib.__version__, matplotlib.__file__)'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You should see something like</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="mf">3.10.0</span> <span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Library</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Frameworks</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Python</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">framework</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Versions</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mf">3.10</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">lib</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">python3</span><span class="mf">.10</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">site</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">packages</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">matplotlib</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>where <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">3.10.0</span></code> is the Matplotlib version you just installed, and the path
following depends on whether you are using Python.org Python, Homebrew or
Macports. If you see another version, or you get an error like</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Traceback</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">most</span> <span class="n">recent</span> <span class="n">call</span> <span class="n">last</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">File</span> <span class="s2">"<string>"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">line</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="ne">ImportError</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">No</span> <span class="n">module</span> <span class="n">named</span> <span class="n">matplotlib</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>then check that the Python binary is the one you expected by running</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">which</span> <span class="n">python3</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you get a result like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/usr/bin/python...</span></code>, then you are getting the
Python installed with macOS, which is probably not what you want. Try closing
and restarting Terminal.app before running the check again. If that doesn't fix
the problem, depending on which Python you wanted to use, consider reinstalling
Python.org Python, or check your homebrew or macports setup. Remember that
the disk image installer only works for Python.org Python, and will not get
picked up by other Pythons. If all these fail, please <a class="reference internal" href="../users/faq.html#reporting-problems"><span class="std std-ref">let us know</span></a>.</p>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section id="troubleshooting">
<span id="troubleshooting-install"></span><h2>Troubleshooting<a class="headerlink" href="#troubleshooting" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<section id="obtaining-matplotlib-version">
<span id="matplotlib-version"></span><h3>Obtaining Matplotlib version<a class="headerlink" href="#obtaining-matplotlib-version" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>To find out your Matplotlib version number, import it and print the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__version__</span></code> attribute:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">matplotlib</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">matplotlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__version__</span>
<span class="go">'0.98.0'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="matplotlib-install-location">
<span id="locating-matplotlib-install"></span><h3><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib</span></code> install location<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib-install-location" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>You can find what directory Matplotlib is installed in by importing it
and printing the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__file__</span></code> attribute:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">matplotlib</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">matplotlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__file__</span>
<span class="go">'/home/jdhunter/dev/lib64/python2.5/site-packages/matplotlib/__init__.pyc'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="matplotlib-configuration-and-cache-directory-locations">
<span id="locating-matplotlib-config-dir"></span><h3><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib</span></code> configuration and cache directory locations<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib-configuration-and-cache-directory-locations" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>Each user has a Matplotlib configuration directory which may contain a
<a class="reference internal" href="../users/explain/customizing.html#customizing-with-matplotlibrc-files"><span class="std std-ref">matplotlibrc</span></a> file. To
locate your <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib/</span></code> configuration directory, use
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.get_configdir" title="matplotlib.get_configdir"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.get_configdir()</span></code></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">matplotlib</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">mpl</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">mpl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_configdir</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">'/home/darren/.config/matplotlib'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>On Unix-like systems, this directory is generally located in your
<span class="target" id="index-0"></span><a class="reference internal" href="environment_variables_faq.html#envvar-HOME"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HOME</span></code></a> directory under the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.config/</span></code> directory.</p>
<p>In addition, users have a cache directory. On Unix-like systems, this is
separate from the configuration directory by default. To locate your
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.cache/</span></code> directory, use <a class="reference internal" href="../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.get_cachedir" title="matplotlib.get_cachedir"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.get_cachedir()</span></code></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">matplotlib</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">mpl</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">mpl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_cachedir</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">'/home/darren/.cache/matplotlib'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>On Windows, both the config directory and the cache directory are
the same and are in your <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Documents</span> <span class="pre">and</span> <span class="pre">Settings</span></code> or <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Users</span></code>
directory by default:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">matplotlib</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">mpl</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">mpl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_configdir</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">'C:\\Documents and Settings\\jdhunter\\.matplotlib'</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">mpl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_cachedir</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go">'C:\\Documents and Settings\\jdhunter\\.matplotlib'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you would like to use a different configuration directory, you can
do so by specifying the location in your <span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="reference internal" href="environment_variables_faq.html#envvar-MPLCONFIGDIR"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MPLCONFIGDIR</span></code></a>
environment variable -- see
<a class="reference internal" href="environment_variables_faq.html#setting-linux-macos-environment-variables"><span class="std std-ref">Setting environment variables in Linux and macOS</span></a>. Note that
<span class="target" id="index-2"></span><a class="reference internal" href="environment_variables_faq.html#envvar-MPLCONFIGDIR"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MPLCONFIGDIR</span></code></a> sets the location of both the configuration
directory and the cache directory.</p>
</section>
</section>
</section>
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