Bug summary

When I use TeX to render, minus signs do not appear in exported PDFs anymore.

• They show fine in Jupyter and exported PNGs or SVGs.
• Other mathematical symbols are unaffected (also see the example). So far, I only found minus signs to be affected.
• Activating axes.unicode_minus doesn’t help.
• If I downgrade Matplotlib to 3.10.9 (and leave everything the same), the minuses are rendered. I therefore would exclude a straightforward problem with my TeX installation etc. Perhaps, this is related to Rasterize dvi files without dvipng. #30039.

Code for reproduction

from matplotlib.pyplot import subplots
from matplotlib import rcParams

rcParams["text.usetex"] = True
# rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"] = False

fig,axes = subplots(figsize=(3,2))
axes.plot([-1, 1], [-1, 1])
axes.text(-0.5,0.5,r"$\sum_{\alpha=-1}^{\Psi} \pm \pi$")

fig.savefig("test.pdf")

Actual outcome

Expected outcome

Operating system

Arch

Matplotlib Version

3.11.0

Matplotlib Backend

qtagg

Python version

3.14.5

Installation

Linux package manager