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# Anatomy of a figure

This figure shows the name of several matplotlib elements composing a figure

    import numpy as np
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, MultipleLocator, FuncFormatter

    np.random.seed(19680801)

    X = np.linspace(0.5, 3.5, 100)
    Y1 = 3+np.cos(X)
    Y2 = 1+np.cos(1+X/0.75)/2
    Y3 = np.random.uniform(Y1, Y2, len(X))

    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
    ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1, aspect=1)

    def minor_tick(x, pos):
        if not x % 1.0:
            return ""
        return "%.2f" % x

    ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(1.000))
    ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(4))
    ax.yaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(1.000))
    ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(4))
    ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter(FuncFormatter(minor_tick))

    ax.set_xlim(0, 4)
    ax.set_ylim(0, 4)

    ax.tick_params(which='major', width=1.0)
    ax.tick_params(which='major', length=10)
    ax.tick_params(which='minor', width=1.0, labelsize=10)
    ax.tick_params(which='minor', length=5, labelsize=10, labelcolor='0.25')

    ax.grid(linestyle="--", linewidth=0.5, color='.25', zorder=-10)

    ax.plot(X, Y1, c=(0.25, 0.25, 1.00), lw=2, label="Blue signal", zorder=10)
    ax.plot(X, Y2, c=(1.00, 0.25, 0.25), lw=2, label="Red signal")
    ax.plot(X, Y3, linewidth=0,
            marker='o', markerfacecolor='w', markeredgecolor='k')

    ax.set_title("Anatomy of a figure", fontsize=20, verticalalignment='bottom')
    ax.set_xlabel("X axis label")
    ax.set_ylabel("Y axis label")

    ax.legend()

    def circle(x, y, radius=0.15):
        from matplotlib.patches import Circle
        from matplotlib.patheffects import withStroke
        circle = Circle((x, y), radius, clip_on=False, zorder=10, linewidth=1,
                        edgecolor='black', facecolor=(0, 0, 0, .0125),
                        path_effects=[withStroke(linewidth=5, foreground='w')])
        ax.add_artist(circle)

    def text(x, y, text):
        ax.text(x, y, text, backgroundcolor="white",
                ha='center', va='top', weight='bold', color='blue')

    # Minor tick
    circle(0.50, -0.10)
    text(0.50, -0.32, "Minor tick label")

    # Major tick
    circle(-0.03, 4.00)
    text(0.03, 3.80, "Major tick")

    # Minor tick
    circle(0.00, 3.50)
    text(0.00, 3.30, "Minor tick")

    # Major tick label
    circle(-0.15, 3.00)
    text(-0.15, 2.80, "Major tick label")

    # X Label
    circle(1.80, -0.27)
    text(1.80, -0.45, "X axis label")

    # Y Label
    circle(-0.27, 1.80)
    text(-0.27, 1.6, "Y axis label")

    # Title
    circle(1.60, 4.13)
    text(1.60, 3.93, "Title")

    # Blue plot
    circle(1.75, 2.80)
    text(1.75, 2.60, "Line\n(line plot)")

    # Red plot
    circle(1.20, 0.60)
    text(1.20, 0.40, "Line\n(line plot)")

    # Scatter plot
    circle(3.20, 1.75)
    text(3.20, 1.55, "Markers\n(scatter plot)")

    # Grid
    circle(3.00, 3.00)
    text(3.00, 2.80, "Grid")

    # Legend
    circle(3.70, 3.80)
    text(3.70, 3.60, "Legend")

    # Axes
    circle(0.5, 0.5)
    text(0.5, 0.3, "Axes")

    # Figure
    circle(-0.3, 0.65)
    text(-0.3, 0.45, "Figure")

    color = 'blue'
    ax.annotate('Spines', xy=(4.0, 0.35), xycoords='data',
                xytext=(3.3, 0.5), textcoords='data',
                weight='bold', color=color,
                arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->',
                                connectionstyle="arc3",
                                color=color))

    ax.annotate('', xy=(3.15, 0.0), xycoords='data',
                xytext=(3.45, 0.45), textcoords='data',
                weight='bold', color=color,
                arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->',
                                connectionstyle="arc3",
                                color=color))

    ax.text(4.0, -0.4, "Made with http://matplotlib.org",
            fontsize=10, ha="right", color='.5')

    plt.show()

Total running time of the script: ( 0 minutes 0.036 seconds)

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