#!/usr/bin/env PYTHONHASHSEED=1234 python3

# Copyright 2014-2019 Brett Slatkin, Pearson Education Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Reproduce book environment
import random
random.seed(1234)

import logging
from pprint import pprint
from sys import stdout as STDOUT

# Write all output to a temporary directory
import atexit
import gc
import io
import os
import tempfile

TEST_DIR = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
atexit.register(TEST_DIR.cleanup)

# Make sure Windows processes exit cleanly
OLD_CWD = os.getcwd()
atexit.register(lambda: os.chdir(OLD_CWD))
os.chdir(TEST_DIR.name)

def close_open_files():
    everything = gc.get_objects()
    for obj in everything:
        if isinstance(obj, io.IOBase):
            obj.close()

atexit.register(close_open_files)


# Example 1
snack_calories = {
	'chips': 140,
	'popcorn': 80,
	'nuts': 190,
}
items = tuple(snack_calories.items())
print(items)


# Example 2
item = ('Peanut butter', 'Jelly')
first = item[0]
second = item[1]
print(first, 'and', second)


# Example 3
try:
    pair = ('Chocolate', 'Peanut butter')
    pair[0] = 'Honey'
except:
    logging.exception('Expected')
else:
    assert False


# Example 4
item = ('Peanut butter', 'Jelly')
first, second = item  # Unpacking
print(first, 'and', second)


# Example 5
favorite_snacks = {
	'salty': ('pretzels', 100),
	'sweet': ('cookies', 180),
	'veggie': ('carrots', 20),
}

((type1, (name1, cals1)),
 (type2, (name2, cals2)),
 (type3, (name3, cals3))) = favorite_snacks.items()

print(f'Favorite {type1} is {name1} with {cals1} calories')
print(f'Favorite {type2} is {name2} with {cals2} calories')
print(f'Favorite {type3} is {name3} with {cals3} calories')


# Example 6
def bubble_sort(a):
	for _ in range(len(a)):
		for i in range(1, len(a)):
			if a[i] < a[i-1]:
				temp = a[i]
				a[i] = a[i-1]
				a[i-1] = temp

names = ['pretzels', 'carrots', 'arugula', 'bacon']
bubble_sort(names)
print(names)


# Example 7
def bubble_sort(a):
	for _ in range(len(a)):
		for i in range(1, len(a)):
			if a[i] < a[i-1]:
				a[i-1], a[i] = a[i], a[i-1]  # Swap

names = ['pretzels', 'carrots', 'arugula', 'bacon']
bubble_sort(names)
print(names)


# Example 8
snacks = [('bacon', 350), ('donut', 240), ('muffin', 190)]
for i in range(len(snacks)):
	item = snacks[i]
	name = item[0]
	calories = item[1]
	print(f'#{i+1}: {name} has {calories} calories')


# Example 9
for rank, (name, calories) in enumerate(snacks, 1):
	print(f'#{rank}: {name} has {calories} calories')