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<h2 title="Class Format" class="title">Class Format</h2>
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<dt>All Implemented Interfaces:</dt>
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<dt>Direct Known Subclasses:</dt>
<dd><code><a href="DateFormat.html" title="class in java.text">DateFormat</a></code>, <code><a href="MessageFormat.html" title="class in java.text">MessageFormat</a></code>, <code><a href="NumberFormat.html" title="class in java.text">NumberFormat</a></code></dd>
<pre>public abstract class <span class="typeNameLabel">Format</span>
extends <a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>
implements <a href="../io/Serializable.html" title="interface in java.io">Serializable</a>, <a href="../lang/Cloneable.html" title="interface in java.lang">Cloneable</a></pre>
<div class="block"><code>Format</code> is an abstract base class for formatting locale-sensitive
 information such as dates, messages, and numbers.
 <code>Format</code> defines the programming interface for formatting
 locale-sensitive objects into <code>String</code>s (the
 <code>format</code> method) and for parsing <code>String</code>s back
 into objects (the <code>parseObject</code> method).
 Generally, a format's <code>parseObject</code> method must be able to parse
 any string formatted by its <code>format</code> method. However, there may
 be exceptional cases where this is not possible. For example, a
 <code>format</code> method might create two adjacent integer numbers with
 no separator in between, and in this case the <code>parseObject</code> could
 not tell which digits belong to which number.
 <h3>Subclassing</h3>
 The Java Platform provides three specialized subclasses of <code>Format</code>--
 <code>DateFormat</code>, <code>MessageFormat</code>, and
 <code>NumberFormat</code>--for formatting dates, messages, and numbers,
 respectively.
 Concrete subclasses must implement three methods:
 <li> <code>format(Object obj, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition pos)</code>
 <li> <code>formatToCharacterIterator(Object obj)</code>
 <li> <code>parseObject(String source, ParsePosition pos)</code>
 These general methods allow polymorphic parsing and formatting of objects
 and are used, for example, by <code>MessageFormat</code>.
 Subclasses often also provide additional <code>format</code> methods for
 specific input types as well as <code>parse</code> methods for specific
 result types. Any <code>parse</code> method that does not take a
 <code>ParsePosition</code> argument should throw <code>ParseException</code>
 when no text in the required format is at the beginning of the input text.
 Most subclasses will also implement the following factory methods:
 <code>getInstance</code> for getting a useful format object appropriate
 for the current locale
 <code>getInstance(Locale)</code> for getting a useful format
 object appropriate for the specified locale
 In addition, some subclasses may also implement other
 <code>getXxxxInstance</code> methods for more specialized control. For
 example, the <code>NumberFormat</code> class provides
 <code>getPercentInstance</code> and <code>getCurrencyInstance</code>
 methods for getting specialized number formatters.
 Subclasses of <code>Format</code> that allow programmers to create objects
 for locales (with <code>getInstance(Locale)</code> for example)
 must also implement the following class method:
 <blockquote>
 public static Locale[] getAvailableLocales()
 </blockquote>
 And finally subclasses may define a set of constants to identify the various
 fields in the formatted output. These constants are used to create a FieldPosition
 object which identifies what information is contained in the field and its
 position in the formatted result. These constants should be named
 <code><em>item</em>_FIELD</code> where <code><em>item</em></code> identifies
 the field. For examples of these constants, see <code>ERA_FIELD</code> and its
 friends in <a href="DateFormat.html" title="class in java.text"><code>DateFormat</code></a>.
 <h4><a id="synchronization">Synchronization</a></h4>
 Formats are generally not synchronized.
 It is recommended to create separate format instances for each thread.
 If multiple threads access a format concurrently, it must be synchronized
 externally.</div>
<dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
<dd>1.1</dd>
<dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
<dd><a href="ParsePosition.html" title="class in java.text"><code>ParsePosition</code></a>, 
<a href="FieldPosition.html" title="class in java.text"><code>FieldPosition</code></a>, 
<a href="NumberFormat.html" title="class in java.text"><code>NumberFormat</code></a>, 
<a href="DateFormat.html" title="class in java.text"><code>DateFormat</code></a>, 
<a href="MessageFormat.html" title="class in java.text"><code>MessageFormat</code></a>, 
<a href="../../../serialized-form.html#java.text.Format">Serialized Form</a></dd>
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<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Defines constants that are used as attribute keys in the
 <code>AttributedCharacterIterator</code> returned
 from <code>Format.formatToCharacterIterator</code> and as
 field identifiers in <code>FieldPosition</code>.</div>
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<td class="colFirst"><code>protected </code></td>
<th class="colConstructorName" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#%3Cinit%3E()">Format</a></span>()</code></th>
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<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a></code></td>
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<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../lang/String.html" title="class in java.lang">String</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#format(java.lang.Object)">format</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;obj)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Formats an object to produce a string.</div>
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<td class="colFirst"><code>abstract <a href="../lang/StringBuffer.html" title="class in java.lang">StringBuffer</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#format(java.lang.Object,java.lang.StringBuffer,java.text.FieldPosition)">format</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;obj,
      <a href="../lang/StringBuffer.html" title="class in java.lang">StringBuffer</a>&nbsp;toAppendTo,
      <a href="FieldPosition.html" title="class in java.text">FieldPosition</a>&nbsp;pos)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Formats an object and appends the resulting text to a given string
 buffer.</div>
<tr class="rowColor" id="i3">
<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="AttributedCharacterIterator.html" title="interface in java.text">AttributedCharacterIterator</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#formatToCharacterIterator(java.lang.Object)">formatToCharacterIterator</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;obj)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Formats an Object producing an <code>AttributedCharacterIterator</code>.</div>
<tr class="altColor" id="i4">
<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#parseObject(java.lang.String)">parseObject</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="../lang/String.html" title="class in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;source)</code></th>
<td class="colLast">
<div class="block">Parses text from the beginning of the given string to produce an object.</div>
<tr class="rowColor" id="i5">
<td class="colFirst"><code>abstract <a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a></code></td>
<th class="colSecond" scope="row"><code><span class="memberNameLink"><a href="#parseObject(java.lang.String,java.text.ParsePosition)">parseObject</a></span>&#8203;(<a href="../lang/String.html" title="class in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;source,
           <a href="ParsePosition.html" title="class in java.text">ParsePosition</a>&nbsp;pos)</code></th>
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<div class="block">Parses text from a string to produce an object.</div>
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<h4>Format</h4>
<pre>protected&nbsp;Format()</pre>
<div class="block">Sole constructor.  (For invocation by subclass constructors, typically
 implicit.)</div>
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<h4>format</h4>
<pre class="methodSignature">public final&nbsp;<a href="../lang/String.html" title="class in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;format&#8203;(<a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;obj)</pre>
<div class="block">Formats an object to produce a string. This is equivalent to
 <blockquote>
 <a href="#format(java.lang.Object,java.lang.StringBuffer,java.text.FieldPosition)"><code>format</code></a><code>(obj,
         new StringBuffer(), new FieldPosition(0)).toString();</code>
 </blockquote></div>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>obj</code> - The object to format</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>Formatted string.</dd>
<dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../lang/IllegalArgumentException.html" title="class in java.lang">IllegalArgumentException</a></code> - if the Format cannot format the given
            object</dd>
<a id="format(java.lang.Object,java.lang.StringBuffer,java.text.FieldPosition)">
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<h4>format</h4>
<pre class="methodSignature">public abstract&nbsp;<a href="../lang/StringBuffer.html" title="class in java.lang">StringBuffer</a>&nbsp;format&#8203;(<a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;obj,
                                    <a href="../lang/StringBuffer.html" title="class in java.lang">StringBuffer</a>&nbsp;toAppendTo,
                                    <a href="FieldPosition.html" title="class in java.text">FieldPosition</a>&nbsp;pos)</pre>
<div class="block">Formats an object and appends the resulting text to a given string
 If the <code>pos</code> argument identifies a field used by the format,
 then its indices are set to the beginning and end of the first such
 field encountered.</div>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>obj</code> - The object to format</dd>
<dd><code>toAppendTo</code> - where the text is to be appended</dd>
<dd><code>pos</code> - A <code>FieldPosition</code> identifying a field
               in the formatted text</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>the string buffer passed in as <code>toAppendTo</code>,
               with formatted text appended</dd>
<dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../lang/NullPointerException.html" title="class in java.lang">NullPointerException</a></code> - if <code>toAppendTo</code> or
            <code>pos</code> is null</dd>
<dd><code><a href="../lang/IllegalArgumentException.html" title="class in java.lang">IllegalArgumentException</a></code> - if the Format cannot format the given
            object</dd>
<a id="formatToCharacterIterator(java.lang.Object)">
<ul class="blockList">
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<h4>formatToCharacterIterator</h4>
<pre class="methodSignature">public&nbsp;<a href="AttributedCharacterIterator.html" title="interface in java.text">AttributedCharacterIterator</a>&nbsp;formatToCharacterIterator&#8203;(<a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;obj)</pre>
<div class="block">Formats an Object producing an <code>AttributedCharacterIterator</code>.
 You can use the returned <code>AttributedCharacterIterator</code>
 to build the resulting String, as well as to determine information
 about the resulting String.
 Each attribute key of the AttributedCharacterIterator will be of type
 <code>Field</code>. It is up to each <code>Format</code> implementation
 to define what the legal values are for each attribute in the
 <code>AttributedCharacterIterator</code>, but typically the attribute
 key is also used as the attribute value.
 <p>The default implementation creates an
 <code>AttributedCharacterIterator</code> with no attributes. Subclasses
 that support fields should override this and create an
 <code>AttributedCharacterIterator</code> with meaningful attributes.</div>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>obj</code> - The object to format</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>AttributedCharacterIterator describing the formatted value.</dd>
<dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../lang/NullPointerException.html" title="class in java.lang">NullPointerException</a></code> - if obj is null.</dd>
<dd><code><a href="../lang/IllegalArgumentException.html" title="class in java.lang">IllegalArgumentException</a></code> - when the Format cannot format the
            given object.</dd>
<dt><span class="simpleTagLabel">Since:</span></dt>
<dd>1.4</dd>
<a id="parseObject(java.lang.String,java.text.ParsePosition)">
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<h4>parseObject</h4>
<pre class="methodSignature">public abstract&nbsp;<a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;parseObject&#8203;(<a href="../lang/String.html" title="class in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;source,
                                   <a href="ParsePosition.html" title="class in java.text">ParsePosition</a>&nbsp;pos)</pre>
<div class="block">Parses text from a string to produce an object.
 The method attempts to parse text starting at the index given by
 <code>pos</code>.
 If parsing succeeds, then the index of <code>pos</code> is updated
 to the index after the last character used (parsing does not necessarily
 use all characters up to the end of the string), and the parsed
 object is returned. The updated <code>pos</code> can be used to
 indicate the starting point for the next call to this method.
 If an error occurs, then the index of <code>pos</code> is not
 changed, the error index of <code>pos</code> is set to the index of
 the character where the error occurred, and null is returned.</div>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>source</code> - A <code>String</code>, part of which should be parsed.</dd>
<dd><code>pos</code> - A <code>ParsePosition</code> object with index and error
            index information as described above.</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>An <code>Object</code> parsed from the string. In case of
         error, returns null.</dd>
<dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../lang/NullPointerException.html" title="class in java.lang">NullPointerException</a></code> - if <code>source</code> or <code>pos</code> is null.</dd>
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<h4>parseObject</h4>
<pre class="methodSignature">public&nbsp;<a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;parseObject&#8203;(<a href="../lang/String.html" title="class in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;source)
                   throws <a href="ParseException.html" title="class in java.text">ParseException</a></pre>
<div class="block">Parses text from the beginning of the given string to produce an object.
 The method may not use the entire text of the given string.</div>
<dt><span class="paramLabel">Parameters:</span></dt>
<dd><code>source</code> - A <code>String</code> whose beginning should be parsed.</dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>An <code>Object</code> parsed from the string.</dd>
<dt><span class="throwsLabel">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="ParseException.html" title="class in java.text">ParseException</a></code> - if the beginning of the specified string
            cannot be parsed.</dd>
<dd><code><a href="../lang/NullPointerException.html" title="class in java.lang">NullPointerException</a></code> - if <code>source</code> is null.</dd>
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<h4>clone</h4>
<pre class="methodSignature">public&nbsp;<a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;clone()</pre>
<div class="block">Creates and returns a copy of this object.</div>
<dt><span class="overrideSpecifyLabel">Overrides:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../lang/Object.html#clone()">clone</a></code>&nbsp;in class&nbsp;<code><a href="../lang/Object.html" title="class in java.lang">Object</a></code></dd>
<dt><span class="returnLabel">Returns:</span></dt>
<dd>a clone of this instance.</dd>
<dt><span class="seeLabel">See Also:</span></dt>
<dd><a href="../lang/Cloneable.html" title="interface in java.lang"><code>Cloneable</code></a></dd>
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