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| 1 | +pv |
| 2 | +=== |
| 3 | + |
| 4 | +显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器。 |
| 5 | + |
| 6 | +## 补充说明 |
| 7 | + |
| 8 | +**pv命令** Pipe Viewer 的简称，由Andrew Wood 开发。意思是通过管道显示数据处理进度的信息。这些信息包括已经耗费的时间，完成的百分比(通过进度条显示)，当前的速度，全部传输的数据，以及估计剩余的时间。 |
| 9 | + |
| 10 | +## 下载安装 |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +```bash |
| 13 | +# Debian 系的操作系统，如 Ubuntu |
| 14 | +sudo apt-get install pv |
| 15 | + |
| 16 | +# RedHat系的则这样： |
| 17 | +yum install pv |
| 18 | +``` |
| 19 | + |
| 20 | +### 语法 |
| 21 | + |
| 22 | +```bash |
| 23 | +pv(选项)(参数) |
| 24 | +pv [OPTION] [FILE]... |
| 25 | +``` |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | +### 选项 |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +``` |
| 30 | +-p, --progress show progress bar |
| 31 | +-t, --timer show elapsed time |
| 32 | +-e, --eta show estimated time of arrival (completion) |
| 33 | +-I, --fineta show absolute estimated time of arrival |
| 34 | + (completion) |
| 35 | +-r, --rate show data transfer rate counter |
| 36 | +-a, --average-rate show data transfer average rate counter |
| 37 | +-b, --bytes show number of bytes transferred |
| 38 | +-T, --buffer-percent show percentage of transfer buffer in use |
| 39 | +-A, --last-written NUM show NUM bytes last written |
| 40 | +-F, --format FORMAT set output format to FORMAT |
| 41 | +-n, --numeric 输出百分比 |
| 42 | +-q, --quiet do not output any transfer information at all |
| 43 | +
|
| 44 | +-W, --wait display nothing until first byte transferred |
| 45 | +-D, --delay-start SEC display nothing until SEC seconds have passed |
| 46 | +-s, --size SIZE set estimated data size to SIZE bytes |
| 47 | +-l, --line-mode count lines instead of bytes |
| 48 | +-0, --null lines are null-terminated |
| 49 | +-i, --interval SEC update every SEC seconds |
| 50 | +-w, --width WIDTH assume terminal is WIDTH characters wide |
| 51 | +-H, --height HEIGHT assume terminal is HEIGHT rows high |
| 52 | +-N, --name NAME prefix visual information with NAME |
| 53 | +-f, --force output even if standard error is not a terminal |
| 54 | +-c, --cursor use cursor positioning escape sequences |
| 55 | +
|
| 56 | +-L, --rate-limit RATE limit transfer to RATE bytes per second |
| 57 | +-B, --buffer-size BYTES use a buffer size of BYTES |
| 58 | +-C, --no-splice never use splice(), always use read/write |
| 59 | +-E, --skip-errors skip read errors in input |
| 60 | +-S, --stop-at-size stop after --size bytes have been transferred |
| 61 | +-R, --remote PID update settings of process PID |
| 62 | +
|
| 63 | +-P, --pidfile FILE save process ID in FILE |
| 64 | +
|
| 65 | +-d, --watchfd PID[:FD] watch file FD opened by process PID |
| 66 | +
|
| 67 | +-h, --help 显示帮助 |
| 68 | +-V, --version 显示版本信息 |
| 69 | +``` |
| 70 | + |
| 71 | + |
| 72 | +### 实例 |
| 73 | + |
| 74 | +我们（在 linux 上使用命令行的用户）的大多数使用场景都会用到的命令是从一个 USB 驱动器拷贝电影文件到你的电脑。如果你使用 cp 来完成上面的任务，你会什么情况都不清楚，直到整个复制过程结束或者出错。 |
| 75 | + |
| 76 | +```bash |
| 77 | +# 复制文件会有进度 |
| 78 | +linux [master●] % pv ~/Downloads/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso > ~/Desktop/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso |
| 79 | +# 下面输入信息 |
| 80 | +552MiB 0:00:02 [ 212MiB/s] [==================> ] 91% ETA 0:00:00 |
| 81 | + |
| 82 | +# -L 可以让你修改 pv 命令的传输速率。 |
| 83 | +# 使用 -L 选项来限制传输速率为2MB/s。 |
| 84 | +pv -L 2m /media/himanshu/1AC2-A8E3/fNf.mkv > ./Desktop/fnf.mkv |
| 85 | +``` |
| 86 | + |
| 87 | + |
| 88 | +```bash |
| 89 | +# 字符一个个匀速在命令行中显示出来 |
| 90 | +echo "Tecmint[dot]com is a community of Linux Nerds and Geeks" | pv -qL 10 |
| 91 | + |
| 92 | +# 压缩文件展示进度信息 |
| 93 | +pv /media/himanshu/1AC2-A8E3/fnf.mkv | gzip > ./Desktop/fnf.log.gz |
| 94 | + |
| 95 | + |
| 96 | +# 用 dd 命令将 iso 写入磁盘，pv来实现进度条的显示 |
| 97 | +sudo pv -cN source < /Users/kacperwang/Downloads/CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1511.iso | sudo dd of=/dev/disk2 bs=4m |
| 98 | +## 显示下面进度 |
| 99 | +source: 5.2GiB 5:11:41 [ 503KiB/s] [=====================> ] 71% ETA 2:01:56 |
| 100 | +``` |
| 101 | + |
| 102 | +<!-- Linux命令行搜索引擎：https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/ --> |
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