2424
2525简单举个例子:
2626
27+ ```
2728public static void main(String[] args) {
28- ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
29- pt.sout("Hollis");//实际参数为 Hollis
29+ ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
30+ pt.sout("Hollis");//实际参数为 Hollis
3031}
3132
3233public void sout(String name) { //形式参数为 name
33- System.out.println(name);
34+ System.out.println(name);
3435}
35-
36+ ```
3637
3738实际参数是调用有参方法的时候真正传递的内容,而形式参数是用于接收实参内容的参数。
3839
@@ -45,76 +46,77 @@ System.out.println(name);
4546> 引用传递(pass by reference)是指在调用函数时将实际参数的地址直接传递到函数中,那么在函数中对参数所进行的修改,将影响到实际参数。
4647
4748有了上面的概念,然后大家就可以写代码实践了,来看看Java中到底是值传递还是引用传递 ,于是,最简单的一段代码出来了:
48-
49+ ```
4950public static void main(String[] args) {
50- ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
51+ ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
5152
52- int i = 10;
53- pt.pass(10);
54- System.out.println("print in main , i is " + i);
53+ int i = 10;
54+ pt.pass(10);
55+ System.out.println("print in main , i is " + i);
5556}
5657
5758public void pass(int j) {
58- j = 20;
59- System.out.println("print in pass , j is " + j);
59+ j = 20;
60+ System.out.println("print in pass , j is " + j);
6061}
61-
62+ ```
6263
6364上面的代码中,我们在pass方法中修改了参数j的值,然后分别在pass方法和main方法中打印参数的值。输出结果如下:
6465
66+ ```
6567print in pass , j is 20
6668print in main , i is 10
67-
69+ ```
6870
6971可见,pass方法内部对name的值的修改并没有改变实际参数i的值。那么,按照上面的定义,有人得到结论:Java的方法传递是值传递。
7072
7173但是,很快就有人提出质疑了(哈哈,所以,不要轻易下结论咯。)。然后,他们会搬出以下代码:
72-
74+ ```
7375public static void main(String[] args) {
74- ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
76+ ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
7577
76- User hollis = new User();
77- hollis.setName("Hollis");
78- hollis.setGender("Male");
79- pt.pass(hollis);
80- System.out.println("print in main , user is " + hollis);
78+ User hollis = new User();
79+ hollis.setName("Hollis");
80+ hollis.setGender("Male");
81+ pt.pass(hollis);
82+ System.out.println("print in main , user is " + hollis);
8183}
8284
8385public void pass(User user) {
84- user.setName("hollischuang");
85- System.out.println("print in pass , user is " + user);
86+ user.setName("hollischuang");
87+ System.out.println("print in pass , user is " + user);
8688}
87-
89+ ```
8890
8991同样是一个pass方法,同样是在pass方法内修改参数的值。输出结果如下:
90-
92+ ```
9193print in pass , user is User{name='hollischuang', gender='Male'}
9294print in main , user is User{name='hollischuang', gender='Male'}
93-
95+ ```
9496
9597经过pass方法执行后,实参的值竟然被改变了,那按照上面的引用传递的定义,实际参数的值被改变了,这不就是引用传递了么。于是,根据上面的两段代码,有人得出一个新的结论:Java的方法中,在传递普通类型的时候是值传递,在传递对象类型的时候是引用传递。
9698
9799但是,这种表述仍然是错误的。不信你看下面这个参数类型为对象的参数传递:
98-
100+ ```
99101public static void main(String[] args) {
100- ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
102+ ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
101103
102- String name = "Hollis";
103- pt.pass(name);
104- System.out.println("print in main , name is " + name);
104+ String name = "Hollis";
105+ pt.pass(name);
106+ System.out.println("print in main , name is " + name);
105107}
106108
107109public void pass(String name) {
108- name = "hollischuang";
109- System.out.println("print in pass , name is " + name);
110+ name = "hollischuang";
111+ System.out.println("print in pass , name is " + name);
110112}
111-
113+ ```
112114
113115上面的代码输出结果为
114-
116+ ```
115117print in pass , name is hollischuang
116118print in main , name is Hollis
117-
119+ ```
118120
119121这又作何解释呢?同样传递了一个对象,但是原始参数的值并没有被修改,难道传递对象又变成值传递了?
120122
@@ -143,30 +145,30 @@ print in main , name is Hollis
143145但是,不管上面那种情况,你的朋友拿着你给他的钥匙,进到你的家里,把你家的电视砸了。那你说你会不会受到影响?而我们在pass方法中,改变user对象的name属性的值的时候,不就是在“砸电视”么。
144146
145147还拿上面的一个例子来举例,我们` 真正的改变参数 ` ,看看会发生什么?
146-
148+ ```
147149public static void main(String[] args) {
148- ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
150+ ParamTest pt = new ParamTest();
149151
150- User hollis = new User();
151- hollis.setName("Hollis");
152- hollis.setGender("Male");
153- pt.pass(hollis);
154- System.out.println("print in main , user is " + hollis);
152+ User hollis = new User();
153+ hollis.setName("Hollis");
154+ hollis.setGender("Male");
155+ pt.pass(hollis);
156+ System.out.println("print in main , user is " + hollis);
155157}
156158
157159public void pass(User user) {
158- user = new User();
159- user.setName("hollischuang");
160- user.setGender("Male");
161- System.out.println("print in pass , user is " + user);
160+ user = new User();
161+ user.setName("hollischuang");
162+ user.setGender("Male");
163+ System.out.println("print in pass , user is " + user);
162164}
163-
165+ ```
164166
165167上面的代码中,我们在pass方法中,改变了user对象,输出结果如下:
166-
168+ ```
167169print in pass , user is User{name='hollischuang', gender='Male'}
168170print in main , user is User{name='Hollis', gender='Male'}
169-
171+ ```
170172
171173我们来画一张图,看一下整个过程中发生了什么,然后我再告诉你,为啥Java中只有值传递。
172174
@@ -220,4 +222,4 @@ print in main , user is User{name='Hollis', gender='Male'}
220222[ 6 ] : http://www.hollischuang.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/pass3.png
221223[ 7 ] : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation_strategy
222224[ 8 ] : http://chenwenbo.github.io/2016/05/11/%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E5%80%BC%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92%E5%92%8C%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92/
223- [ 9 ] : http://menzhongxin.com/2017/02/07/%E6%8C%89%E5%80%BC%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92-%E6%8C%89%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92%E5%92%8C%E6%8C%89%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92/
225+ [ 9 ] : http://menzhongxin.com/2017/02/07/%E6%8C%89%E5%80%BC%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92-%E6%8C%89%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92%E5%92%8C%E6%8C%89%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E4%BC%A0%E9%80%92/
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