diff --git a/javascript/ql/src/javascript.qll b/javascript/ql/src/javascript.qll
index 877b47651ef7..4e223ccc3ccc 100644
--- a/javascript/ql/src/javascript.qll
+++ b/javascript/ql/src/javascript.qll
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 import Customizations
 import semmle.javascript.Aliases
 import semmle.javascript.AMD
+import semmle.javascript.ApiGraphs
 import semmle.javascript.Arrays
 import semmle.javascript.AST
 import semmle.javascript.BasicBlocks
diff --git a/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/ApiGraphs.qll b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/ApiGraphs.qll
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4c92212df576
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/ApiGraphs.qll
@@ -0,0 +1,746 @@
+/**
+ * Provides an implementation of  _API graphs_, which are an abstract representation of the API
+ * surface used and/or defined by a code base.
+ *
+ * The nodes of the API graph represent definitions and uses of API components. The edges are
+ * directed and labeled; they specify how the components represented by nodes relate to each other.
+ * For example, if one of the nodes represents a definition of an API function, then there
+ * will be nodes corresponding to the function's parameters, which are connected to the function
+ * node by edges labeled `parameter <i>`.
+ */
+
+import javascript
+
+/**
+ * Provides classes and predicates for working with APIs defined or used in a database.
+ */
+module API {
+  /**
+   * An abstract representation of a definition or use of an API component such as a function
+   * exported by an npm package, a parameter of such a function, or its result.
+   */
+  class Node extends Impl::TApiNode {
+    /**
+     * Gets a data-flow node corresponding to a use of the API component represented by this node.
+     *
+     * For example, `require('fs').readFileSync` is a use of the function `readFileSync` from the
+     * `fs` module, and `require('fs').readFileSync(file)` is a use of the result of that function.
+     *
+     * As another example, in the assignment `exports.plusOne = (x) => x+1` the two references to
+     * `x` are uses of the first parameter of `plusOne`.
+     */
+    DataFlow::Node getAUse() {
+      exists(DataFlow::SourceNode src | Impl::use(this, src) |
+        Impl::trackUseNode(src).flowsTo(result)
+      )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a data-flow node corresponding to the right-hand side of a definition of the API
+     * component represented by this node.
+     *
+     * For example, in the assignment `exports.plusOne = (x) => x+1`, the function expression
+     * `(x) => x+1` is the right-hand side of the  definition of the member `plusOne` of
+     * the enclosing module, and the expression `x+1` is the right-had side of the definition of
+     * its result.
+     *
+     * Note that for parameters, it is the arguments flowing into that parameter that count as
+     * right-hand sides of the definition, not the declaration of the parameter itself.
+     * Consequently, in `require('fs').readFileSync(file)`, `file` is the right-hand
+     * side of a definition of the first parameter of `readFileSync` from the `fs` module.
+     */
+    DataFlow::Node getARhs() { Impl::rhs(this, result) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing member `m` of this API component.
+     *
+     * For example, modules have an `exports` member representing their exports, and objects have
+     * their properties as members.
+     */
+    bindingset[m]
+    bindingset[result]
+    Node getMember(string m) { result = getASuccessor(Label::member(m)) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing a member of this API component where the name of the member is
+     * not known statically.
+     */
+    Node getUnknownMember() { result = getASuccessor(Label::unknownMember()) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing a member of this API component where the name of the member may
+     * or may not be known statically.
+     */
+    Node getAMember() {
+      result = getASuccessor(Label::member(_)) or
+      result = getUnknownMember()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing an instance of this API component, that is, an object whose
+     * constructor is the function represented by this node.
+     *
+     * For example, if this node represents a use of some class `A`, then there might be a node
+     * representing instances of `A`, typically corresponding to expressions `new A()` at the
+     * source level.
+     */
+    Node getInstance() { result = getASuccessor(Label::instance()) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing the `i`th parameter of the function represented by this node.
+     */
+    bindingset[i]
+    Node getParameter(int i) { result = getASuccessor(Label::parameter(i)) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the number of parameters of the function represented by this node.
+     */
+    int getNumParameter() {
+      result =
+        max(string s | exists(getASuccessor(Label::parameterByStringIndex(s))) | s.toInt()) + 1
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing the last parameter of the function represented by this node.
+     */
+    Node getLastParameter() { result = getParameter(getNumParameter() - 1) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing the receiver of the function represented by this node.
+     */
+    Node getReceiver() { result = getASuccessor(Label::receiver()) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing a parameter or the receiver of the function represented by this
+     * node.
+     */
+    Node getAParameter() {
+      result = getASuccessor(Label::parameterByStringIndex(_)) or
+      result = getReceiver()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing the result of the function represented by this node.
+     */
+    Node getReturn() { result = getASuccessor(Label::return()) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node representing the promised value wrapped in the `Promise` object represented by
+     * this node.
+     */
+    Node getPromised() { result = getASuccessor(Label::promised()) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a string representation of the lexicographically least among all shortest access paths
+     * from the root to this node.
+     */
+    string getPath() { result = min(string p | p = getAPath(Impl::distanceFromRoot(this)) | p) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node such that there is an edge in the API graph between this node and the other
+     * one, and that edge is labeled with `lbl`.
+     */
+    Node getASuccessor(string lbl) { Impl::edge(this, lbl, result) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node such that there is an edge in the API graph between that other node and
+     * this one, and that edge is labeled with `lbl`
+     */
+    Node getAPredecessor(string lbl) { this = result.getASuccessor(lbl) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node such that there is an edge in the API graph between this node and the other
+     * one.
+     */
+    Node getAPredecessor() { result = getAPredecessor(_) }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node such that there is an edge in the API graph between that other node and
+     * this one.
+     */
+    Node getASuccessor() { result = getASuccessor(_) }
+
+    /**
+     * Holds if this node may take its value from `that` node.
+     *
+     * In other words, the value of a use of `that` may flow into the right-hand side of a
+     * definition of this node.
+     */
+    predicate refersTo(Node that) { this.getARhs() = that.getAUse() }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the data-flow node that gives rise to this node, if any.
+     */
+    DataFlow::Node getInducingNode() {
+      this = Impl::MkClassInstance(result) or
+      this = Impl::MkUse(result) or
+      this = Impl::MkDef(result) or
+      this = Impl::MkAsyncFuncResult(result)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holds if this node is located in file `path` between line `startline`, column `startcol`,
+     * and line `endline`, column `endcol`.
+     *
+     * For nodes that do not have a meaningful location, `path` is the empty string and all other
+     * parameters are zero.
+     */
+    predicate hasLocationInfo(string path, int startline, int startcol, int endline, int endcol) {
+      getInducingNode().hasLocationInfo(path, startline, startcol, endline, endcol)
+      or
+      not exists(getInducingNode()) and
+      path = "" and
+      startline = 0 and
+      startcol = 0 and
+      endline = 0 and
+      endcol = 0
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a textual representation of this node.
+     */
+    string toString() {
+      none() // defined in subclasses
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a path of the given `length` from the root to this node.
+     */
+    private string getAPath(int length) {
+      this instanceof Impl::MkRoot and
+      length = 0 and
+      result = ""
+      or
+      exists(Node pred, string lbl, string predpath |
+        Impl::edge(pred, lbl, this) and
+        lbl != "" and
+        predpath = pred.getAPath(length - 1) and
+        exists(string space | if length = 1 then space = "" else space = " " |
+          result = "(" + lbl + space + predpath + ")" and
+          // avoid producing strings longer than 1MB
+          result.length() < 1000 * 1000
+        )
+      ) and
+      length in [1 .. Impl::distanceFromRoot(this)]
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** The root node of an API graph. */
+  class Root extends Node, Impl::MkRoot {
+    override string toString() { result = "root" }
+  }
+
+  /** A node corresponding to a definition of an API component. */
+  class Definition extends Node, Impl::TDef {
+    override string toString() { result = "def " + getPath() }
+  }
+
+  /** A node corresponding to the use of an API component. */
+  class Use extends Node, Impl::TUse {
+    override string toString() { result = "use " + getPath() }
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the root node. */
+  Root root() { any() }
+
+  /** Gets a node corresponding to an import of module `m`. */
+  Node moduleImport(string m) {
+    result = Impl::MkModuleImport(m) or
+    result = Impl::MkModuleImport(m).(Node).getMember("default")
+  }
+
+  /** Gets a node corresponding to an export of module `m`. */
+  Node moduleExport(string m) { result = Impl::MkModuleDef(m).(Node).getMember("exports") }
+
+  /**
+   * An API entry point.
+   *
+   * Extend this class to define additional API entry points other than modules.
+   * Typical examples include global variables.
+   */
+  abstract class EntryPoint extends string {
+    bindingset[this]
+    EntryPoint() { any() }
+
+    /** Gets a data-flow node that uses this entry point. */
+    abstract DataFlow::SourceNode getAUse();
+
+    /** Gets a data-flow node that defines this entry point. */
+    abstract DataFlow::Node getARhs();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Provides the actual implementation of API graphs, cached for performance.
+   *
+   * Ideally, we'd like nodes to correspond to (global) access paths, with edge labels
+   * corresponding to extending the access path by one element. We also want to be able to map
+   * nodes to their definitions and uses in the data-flow graph, and this should happen modulo
+   * (inter-procedural) data flow.
+   *
+   * This, however, is not easy to implement, since access paths can have unbounded length
+   * and we need some way of recognizing cycles to avoid non-termination. Unfortunately, expressing
+   * a condition like "this node hasn't been involved in constructing any predecessor of
+   * this node in the API graph" without negative recursion is tricky.
+   *
+   * So instead most nodes are directly associated with a data-flow node, representing
+   * either a use or a definition of an API component. This ensures that we only have a finite
+   * number of nodes. However, we can now have multiple nodes with the same access
+   * path, which are essentially indistinguishable for a client of the API.
+   *
+   * On the other hand, a single node can have multiple access paths (which is, of
+   * course, unavoidable). We pick as canonical the alphabetically least access path with
+   * shortest length.
+   */
+  cached
+  private module Impl {
+    cached
+    newtype TApiNode =
+      MkRoot() or
+      MkModuleDef(string m) { exists(MkModuleExport(m)) } or
+      MkModuleUse(string m) { exists(MkModuleImport(m)) } or
+      MkModuleExport(string m) {
+        exists(Module mod | mod = importableModule(m) |
+          // exclude modules that don't actually export anything
+          exports(m, _)
+          or
+          exports(m, _, _)
+          or
+          exists(NodeModule nm | nm = mod |
+            exists(SSA::implicitInit([nm.getModuleVariable(), nm.getExportsVariable()]))
+          )
+        )
+      } or
+      MkModuleImport(string m) { imports(_, m) } or
+      MkClassInstance(DataFlow::ClassNode cls) { cls = trackDefNode(_) and hasSemantics(cls) } or
+      MkAsyncFuncResult(DataFlow::FunctionNode f) {
+        f = trackDefNode(_) and f.getFunction().isAsync() and hasSemantics(f)
+      } or
+      MkDef(DataFlow::Node nd) { rhs(_, _, nd) } or
+      MkUse(DataFlow::Node nd) { use(_, _, nd) } or
+      MkCanonicalNameDef(CanonicalName n) { isDefined(n) } or
+      MkCanonicalNameUse(CanonicalName n) { isUsed(n) }
+
+    class TDef = MkModuleDef or TNonModuleDef;
+
+    class TNonModuleDef =
+      MkModuleExport or MkClassInstance or MkAsyncFuncResult or MkDef or MkCanonicalNameDef;
+
+    class TUse = MkModuleUse or MkModuleImport or MkUse or MkCanonicalNameUse;
+
+    private predicate hasSemantics(DataFlow::Node nd) { not nd.getTopLevel().isExterns() }
+
+    /** Holds if `imp` is an import of module `m`. */
+    private predicate imports(DataFlow::Node imp, string m) {
+      imp = DataFlow::moduleImport(m) and
+      // path must not start with a dot or a slash
+      m.regexpMatch("[^./].*") and
+      hasSemantics(imp)
+    }
+
+    /** Gets the definition of module `m`. */
+    private Module importableModule(string m) {
+      exists(NPMPackage pkg, PackageJSON json |
+        json = pkg.getPackageJSON() and not json.isPrivate()
+      |
+        result = pkg.getMainModule() and
+        not result.isExterns() and
+        m = pkg.getPackageName()
+      )
+    }
+
+    private predicate isUsed(CanonicalName n) {
+      exists(n.(TypeName).getAnAccess()) or
+      exists(n.(Namespace).getAnAccess())
+    }
+
+    private predicate isDefined(CanonicalName n) {
+      exists(ASTNode def |
+        def = n.(TypeName).getADefinition() or
+        def = n.(Namespace).getADefinition()
+      |
+        not def.isAmbient()
+      )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holds if `rhs` is the right-hand side of a definition of a node that should have an
+     * incoming edge from `base` labeled `lbl` in the API graph.
+     */
+    cached
+    predicate rhs(TApiNode base, string lbl, DataFlow::Node rhs) {
+      hasSemantics(rhs) and
+      (
+        base = MkRoot() and
+        rhs = lbl.(EntryPoint).getARhs()
+        or
+        exists(string m, string prop |
+          base = MkModuleExport(m) and
+          lbl = Label::member(prop) and
+          exports(m, prop, rhs)
+        )
+        or
+        exists(DataFlow::Node def, DataFlow::SourceNode pred |
+          rhs(base, def) and pred = trackDefNode(def)
+        |
+          exists(DataFlow::PropWrite pw | pw = pred.getAPropertyWrite() |
+            lbl = Label::memberFromRef(pw) and
+            rhs = pw.getRhs()
+          )
+          or
+          exists(DataFlow::FunctionNode fn | fn = pred |
+            not fn.getFunction().isAsync() and
+            lbl = Label::return() and
+            rhs = fn.getAReturn()
+          )
+          or
+          lbl = Label::promised() and
+          PromiseFlow::storeStep(rhs, pred, Promises::valueProp())
+        )
+        or
+        exists(DataFlow::ClassNode cls, string name |
+          base = MkClassInstance(cls) and
+          lbl = Label::member(name) and
+          rhs = cls.getInstanceMethod(name)
+        )
+        or
+        exists(DataFlow::FunctionNode f |
+          base = MkAsyncFuncResult(f) and
+          lbl = Label::promised() and
+          rhs = f.getAReturn()
+        )
+        or
+        exists(DataFlow::SourceNode src, DataFlow::InvokeNode invk |
+          use(base, src) and invk = trackUseNode(src).getAnInvocation()
+        |
+          exists(int i |
+            lbl = Label::parameter(i) and
+            rhs = invk.getArgument(i)
+          )
+          or
+          lbl = Label::receiver() and
+          rhs = invk.(DataFlow::CallNode).getReceiver()
+        )
+        or
+        exists(DataFlow::SourceNode src, DataFlow::PropWrite pw |
+          use(base, src) and pw = trackUseNode(src).getAPropertyWrite() and rhs = pw.getRhs()
+        |
+          lbl = Label::memberFromRef(pw)
+        )
+      )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holds if `rhs` is the right-hand side of a definition of node `nd`.
+     */
+    cached
+    predicate rhs(TApiNode nd, DataFlow::Node rhs) {
+      exists(string m | nd = MkModuleExport(m) | exports(m, rhs))
+      or
+      nd = MkDef(rhs)
+      or
+      exists(CanonicalName n | nd = MkCanonicalNameDef(n) |
+        rhs = n.(Namespace).getADefinition().flow() or
+        rhs = n.(CanonicalFunctionName).getADefinition().flow()
+      )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holds if `ref` is a use of a node that should have an incoming edge from `base` labeled
+     * `lbl` in the API graph.
+     */
+    cached
+    predicate use(TApiNode base, string lbl, DataFlow::Node ref) {
+      hasSemantics(ref) and
+      (
+        base = MkRoot() and
+        ref = lbl.(EntryPoint).getAUse()
+        or
+        exists(DataFlow::SourceNode src, DataFlow::SourceNode pred |
+          use(base, src) and pred = trackUseNode(src)
+        |
+          // `module.exports` is special: it is a use of a def-node, not a use-node,
+          // so we want to exclude it here
+          (base instanceof TNonModuleDef or base instanceof TUse) and
+          lbl = Label::memberFromRef(ref) and
+          ref = pred.getAPropertyRead()
+          or
+          lbl = Label::instance() and
+          ref = pred.getAnInstantiation()
+          or
+          lbl = Label::return() and
+          ref = pred.getAnInvocation()
+          or
+          lbl = Label::promised() and
+          PromiseFlow::loadStep(pred, ref, Promises::valueProp())
+        )
+        or
+        exists(DataFlow::Node def, DataFlow::FunctionNode fn |
+          rhs(base, def) and fn = trackDefNode(def)
+        |
+          exists(int i |
+            lbl = Label::parameter(i) and
+            ref = fn.getParameter(i)
+          )
+          or
+          lbl = Label::receiver() and
+          ref = fn.getReceiver()
+        )
+        or
+        exists(DataFlow::Node def, DataFlow::ClassNode cls, int i |
+          rhs(base, def) and cls = trackDefNode(def)
+        |
+          lbl = Label::parameter(i) and
+          ref = cls.getConstructor().getParameter(i)
+        )
+        or
+        exists(TypeName tn |
+          base = MkCanonicalNameUse(tn) and
+          lbl = Label::instance() and
+          ref = getANodeWithType(tn)
+        )
+      )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holds if `ref` is a use of node `nd`.
+     */
+    cached
+    predicate use(TApiNode nd, DataFlow::Node ref) {
+      exists(string m, Module mod | nd = MkModuleDef(m) and mod = importableModule(m) |
+        ref = DataFlow::ssaDefinitionNode(SSA::implicitInit(mod.(NodeModule).getModuleVariable()))
+        or
+        ref = DataFlow::parameterNode(mod.(AmdModule).getDefine().getModuleParameter())
+      )
+      or
+      exists(string m, Module mod | nd = MkModuleExport(m) and mod = importableModule(m) |
+        ref = DataFlow::ssaDefinitionNode(SSA::implicitInit(mod.(NodeModule).getExportsVariable()))
+        or
+        ref = DataFlow::parameterNode(mod.(AmdModule).getDefine().getExportsParameter())
+        or
+        exists(DataFlow::Node base | use(MkModuleDef(m), base) |
+          ref = trackUseNode(base).getAPropertyRead("exports")
+        )
+      )
+      or
+      exists(string m |
+        nd = MkModuleImport(m) and
+        ref = DataFlow::moduleImport(m)
+      )
+      or
+      exists(DataFlow::ClassNode cls | nd = MkClassInstance(cls) | ref = cls.getAReceiverNode())
+      or
+      nd = MkUse(ref)
+      or
+      exists(CanonicalName n | nd = MkCanonicalNameUse(n) | ref.asExpr() = n.getAnAccess())
+    }
+
+    /** Holds if module `m` exports `rhs`. */
+    private predicate exports(string m, DataFlow::Node rhs) {
+      exists(Module mod | mod = importableModule(m) |
+        rhs = mod.(AmdModule).getDefine().getModuleExpr().flow()
+        or
+        exports(m, "default", rhs)
+        or
+        exists(ExportAssignDeclaration assgn | assgn.getTopLevel() = mod |
+          rhs = assgn.getExpression().flow()
+        )
+        or
+        rhs = mod.(Closure::ClosureModule).getExportsVariable().getAnAssignedExpr().flow()
+      )
+    }
+
+    /** Holds if module `m` exports `rhs` under the name `prop`. */
+    private predicate exports(string m, string prop, DataFlow::Node rhs) {
+      exists(ExportDeclaration exp | exp.getEnclosingModule() = importableModule(m) |
+        rhs = exp.getSourceNode(prop)
+        or
+        exists(Variable v |
+          exp.exportsAs(v, prop) and
+          rhs = v.getAnAssignedExpr().flow()
+        )
+      )
+    }
+
+    private DataFlow::SourceNode trackUseNode(DataFlow::SourceNode nd, DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
+      t.start() and
+      use(_, nd) and
+      result = nd
+      or
+      exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = trackUseNode(nd, t2).track(t2, t))
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node that is inter-procedurally reachable from `nd`, which is a use of some node.
+     */
+    cached
+    DataFlow::SourceNode trackUseNode(DataFlow::SourceNode nd) {
+      result = trackUseNode(nd, DataFlow::TypeTracker::end())
+    }
+
+    private DataFlow::SourceNode trackDefNode(DataFlow::Node nd, DataFlow::TypeBackTracker t) {
+      t.start() and
+      rhs(_, nd) and
+      result = nd.getALocalSource()
+      or
+      exists(DataFlow::TypeBackTracker t2 | result = trackDefNode(nd, t2).backtrack(t2, t))
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets a node that inter-procedurally flows into `nd`, which is a definition of some node.
+     */
+    cached
+    DataFlow::SourceNode trackDefNode(DataFlow::Node nd) {
+      result = trackDefNode(nd, DataFlow::TypeBackTracker::end())
+    }
+
+    private DataFlow::SourceNode getANodeWithType(TypeName tn) {
+      exists(string moduleName, string typeName |
+        tn.hasQualifiedName(moduleName, typeName) and
+        result.hasUnderlyingType(moduleName, typeName)
+      )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holds if there is an edge from `pred` to `succ` in the API graph that is labeled with `lbl`.
+     */
+    cached
+    predicate edge(TApiNode pred, string lbl, TApiNode succ) {
+      exists(string m |
+        pred = MkRoot() and
+        lbl = Label::mod(m)
+      |
+        succ = MkModuleDef(m)
+        or
+        succ = MkModuleUse(m)
+      )
+      or
+      exists(string m |
+        pred = MkModuleDef(m) and
+        lbl = Label::member("exports") and
+        succ = MkModuleExport(m)
+        or
+        pred = MkModuleUse(m) and
+        lbl = Label::member("exports") and
+        succ = MkModuleImport(m)
+      )
+      or
+      exists(DataFlow::SourceNode ref |
+        use(pred, lbl, ref) and
+        succ = MkUse(ref)
+      )
+      or
+      exists(DataFlow::Node rhs |
+        rhs(pred, lbl, rhs) and
+        succ = MkDef(rhs)
+      )
+      or
+      exists(DataFlow::Node def |
+        rhs(pred, def) and
+        lbl = Label::instance() and
+        succ = MkClassInstance(trackDefNode(def))
+      )
+      or
+      exists(CanonicalName cn |
+        pred = MkRoot() and
+        lbl = Label::mod(cn.getExternalModuleName())
+      |
+        succ = MkCanonicalNameUse(cn) or
+        succ = MkCanonicalNameDef(cn)
+      )
+      or
+      exists(CanonicalName cn1, CanonicalName cn2 |
+        cn2 = cn1.getAChild() and
+        lbl = Label::member(cn2.getName())
+      |
+        (pred = MkCanonicalNameDef(cn1) or pred = MkCanonicalNameUse(cn1)) and
+        (succ = MkCanonicalNameDef(cn2) or succ = MkCanonicalNameUse(cn2))
+      )
+      or
+      exists(DataFlow::Node nd, DataFlow::FunctionNode f |
+        pred = MkDef(nd) and
+        f = trackDefNode(nd) and
+        lbl = Label::return() and
+        succ = MkAsyncFuncResult(f)
+      )
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holds if there is an edge from `pred` to `succ` in the API graph.
+     */
+    private predicate edge(TApiNode pred, TApiNode succ) { edge(pred, _, succ) }
+
+    /** Gets the shortest distance from the root to `nd` in the API graph. */
+    cached
+    int distanceFromRoot(TApiNode nd) = shortestDistances(MkRoot/0, edge/2)(_, nd, result)
+  }
+
+  import Label as EdgeLabel
+}
+
+private module Label {
+  /** Gets the edge label for the module `m`. */
+  bindingset[m]
+  bindingset[result]
+  string mod(string m) { result = "module " + m }
+
+  /** Gets the `member` edge label for member `m`. */
+  bindingset[m]
+  bindingset[result]
+  string member(string m) { result = "member " + m }
+
+  /** Gets the `member` edge label for the unknown member. */
+  string unknownMember() { result = "member *" }
+
+  /** Gets the `member` edge label for the given property reference. */
+  string memberFromRef(DataFlow::PropRef pr) {
+    exists(string pn | pn = pr.getPropertyName() |
+      result = member(pn) and
+      // only consider properties with alphanumeric(-ish) names, excluding special properties
+      // and properties whose names look like they are meant to be internal
+      pn.regexpMatch("(?!prototype$|__)[a-zA-Z_$][\\w\\-.$]*")
+    )
+    or
+    not exists(pr.getPropertyName()) and
+    result = unknownMember()
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the `instance` edge label. */
+  string instance() { result = "instance" }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the `parameter` edge label for the parameter `s`.
+   *
+   * This is an internal helper predicate; use `parameter` instead.
+   */
+  bindingset[result]
+  bindingset[s]
+  string parameterByStringIndex(string s) {
+    result = "parameter " + s and
+    s.toInt() >= 0
+  }
+
+  /** Gets the `parameter` edge label for the `i`th parameter. */
+  bindingset[i]
+  string parameter(int i) { result = parameterByStringIndex(i.toString()) }
+
+  /** Gets the `parameter` edge label for the receiver. */
+  string receiver() { result = "parameter -1" }
+
+  /** Gets the `return` edge label. */
+  string return() { result = "return" }
+
+  /** Gets the `promised` edge label connecting a promise to its contained value. */
+  string promised() { result = "promised" }
+}
+
+/**
+ * A CommonJS `module` or `exports` variable, considered as a source node.
+ */
+private class AdditionalSourceNode extends DataFlow::SourceNode::Range {
+  AdditionalSourceNode() {
+    exists(NodeModule m, Variable v |
+      v in [m.getModuleVariable(), m.getExportsVariable()] and
+      this = DataFlow::ssaDefinitionNode(SSA::implicitInit(v))
+    )
+  }
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/SSA.qll b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/SSA.qll
index a3d74e4f7246..ac574e4ab10b 100644
--- a/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/SSA.qll
+++ b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/SSA.qll
@@ -737,6 +737,9 @@ class SsaRefinementNode extends SsaPseudoDefinition, TRefinement {
 }
 
 module SSA {
+  /** Gets the SSA definition corresponding to the implicit initialization of `v`. */
+  SsaImplicitInit implicitInit(SsaSourceVariable v) { result.getSourceVariable() = v }
+
   /** Gets the SSA definition corresponding to `d`. */
   SsaExplicitDefinition definition(VarDef d) { result.getDef() = d }
 
diff --git a/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/frameworks/SQL.qll b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/frameworks/SQL.qll
index fb12c5ab55df..19eaf168c085 100644
--- a/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/frameworks/SQL.qll
+++ b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/frameworks/SQL.qll
@@ -28,42 +28,29 @@ module SQL {
  * Provides classes modelling the (API compatible) `mysql` and `mysql2` packages.
  */
 private module MySql {
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode mysql() { result = DataFlow::moduleImport(["mysql", "mysql2"]) }
+  /** Gets the package name `mysql` or `mysql2`. */
+  API::Node mysql() { result = API::moduleImport(["mysql", "mysql2"]) }
 
-  private DataFlow::CallNode createPool() { result = mysql().getAMemberCall("createPool") }
-
-  /** Gets a reference to a MySQL pool. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode pool(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    result = createPool()
-    or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = pool(t2).track(t2, t))
-  }
+  /** Gets a call to `mysql.createConnection`. */
+  API::Node createConnection() { result = mysql().getMember("createConnection").getReturn() }
 
-  /** Gets a reference to a MySQL pool. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode pool() { result = pool(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
+  /** Gets a call to `mysql.createPool`. */
+  API::Node createPool() { result = mysql().getMember("createPool").getReturn() }
 
-  /** Gets a call to `mysql.createConnection`. */
-  DataFlow::CallNode createConnection() { result = mysql().getAMemberCall("createConnection") }
-
-  /** Gets a reference to a MySQL connection instance. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode connection(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    (
-      result = createConnection()
-      or
-      result = pool().getAMethodCall("getConnection").getABoundCallbackParameter(0, 1)
-    )
+  /** Gets a data flow node that contains a freshly created MySQL connection instance. */
+  API::Node connection() {
+    result = createConnection()
     or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = connection(t2).track(t2, t))
+    result = createPool().getMember("getConnection").getParameter(0).getParameter(1)
   }
 
-  /** Gets a reference to a MySQL connection instance. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode connection() { result = connection(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
   /** A call to the MySql `query` method. */
   private class QueryCall extends DatabaseAccess, DataFlow::MethodCallNode {
-    QueryCall() { this = [pool(), connection()].getAMethodCall("query") }
+    QueryCall() {
+      exists(API::Node recv | recv = createPool() or recv = connection() |
+        this = recv.getMember("query").getReturn().getAUse()
+      )
+    }
 
     override DataFlow::Node getAQueryArgument() { result = getArgument(0) }
   }
@@ -76,7 +63,12 @@ private module MySql {
   /** A call to the `escape` or `escapeId` method that performs SQL sanitization. */
   class EscapingSanitizer extends SQL::SqlSanitizer, MethodCallExpr {
     EscapingSanitizer() {
-      this = [mysql(), pool(), connection()].getAMethodCall(["escape", "escapeId"]).asExpr() and
+      this =
+        [mysql(), createPool(), connection()]
+            .getMember(["escape", "escapeId"])
+            .getReturn()
+            .getAUse()
+            .asExpr() and
       input = this.getArgument(0) and
       output = this
     }
@@ -87,8 +79,9 @@ private module MySql {
     string kind;
 
     Credentials() {
-      exists(string prop |
-        this = [createConnection(), createPool()].getOptionArgument(0, prop).asExpr() and
+      exists(API::Node call, string prop |
+        call in [createConnection(), createPool()] and
+        call.getAUse().asExpr().(CallExpr).hasOptionArgument(0, prop, this) and
         (
           prop = "user" and kind = "user name"
           or
@@ -105,49 +98,29 @@ private module MySql {
  * Provides classes modelling the `pg` package.
  */
 private module Postgres {
-  /** Gets an expression that constructs a new connection pool. */
-  DataFlow::InvokeNode newPool() {
-    // new require('pg').Pool()
-    result = DataFlow::moduleImport("pg").getAConstructorInvocation("Pool")
-    or
-    // new require('pg-pool')
-    result = DataFlow::moduleImport("pg-pool").getAnInstantiation()
-  }
+  /** Gets an expression of the form `new require('pg').Client()`. */
+  API::Node newClient() { result = API::moduleImport("pg").getMember("Client").getInstance() }
 
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to a connection pool. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode pool(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    result = newPool()
+  /** Gets a data flow node that holds a freshly created Postgres client instance. */
+  API::Node client() {
+    result = newClient()
     or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = pool(t2).track(t2, t))
-  }
-
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to a connection pool. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode pool() { result = pool(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
-  /** Gets a creation of a Postgres client. */
-  DataFlow::InvokeNode newClient() {
-    result = DataFlow::moduleImport("pg").getAConstructorInvocation("Client")
+    // pool.connect(function(err, client) { ... })
+    result = newPool().getMember("connect").getParameter(0).getParameter(1)
   }
 
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to a Postgres client. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode client(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    (
-      result = newClient()
-      or
-      result = pool().getAMethodCall("connect").getABoundCallbackParameter(0, 1)
-    )
+  /** Gets an expression that constructs a new connection pool. */
+  API::Node newPool() {
+    // new require('pg').Pool()
+    result = API::moduleImport("pg").getMember("Pool").getInstance()
     or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = client(t2).track(t2, t))
+    // new require('pg-pool')
+    result = API::moduleImport("pg-pool").getInstance()
   }
 
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to a Postgres client. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode client() { result = client(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
   /** A call to the Postgres `query` method. */
   private class QueryCall extends DatabaseAccess, DataFlow::MethodCallNode {
-    QueryCall() { this = [client(), pool()].getAMethodCall("query") }
+    QueryCall() { this = [client(), newPool()].getMember("query").getReturn().getAUse() }
 
     override DataFlow::Node getAQueryArgument() { result = getArgument(0) }
   }
@@ -162,10 +135,14 @@ private module Postgres {
     string kind;
 
     Credentials() {
-      exists(string prop | this = [newClient(), newPool()].getOptionArgument(0, prop).asExpr() |
-        prop = "user" and kind = "user name"
-        or
-        prop = "password" and kind = prop
+      exists(DataFlow::InvokeNode call, string prop |
+        call = [client(), newPool()].getAUse() and
+        this = call.getOptionArgument(0, prop).asExpr() and
+        (
+          prop = "user" and kind = "user name"
+          or
+          prop = "password" and kind = prop
+        )
       )
     }
 
@@ -178,29 +155,18 @@ private module Postgres {
  */
 private module Sqlite {
   /** Gets a reference to the `sqlite3` module. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode sqlite() {
-    result = DataFlow::moduleImport("sqlite3")
+  API::Node sqlite() {
+    result = API::moduleImport("sqlite3")
     or
-    result = sqlite().getAMemberCall("verbose")
+    result = sqlite().getMember("verbose").getReturn()
   }
 
   /** Gets an expression that constructs a Sqlite database instance. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode newDb() {
+  API::Node newDb() {
     // new require('sqlite3').Database()
-    result = sqlite().getAConstructorInvocation("Database")
+    result = sqlite().getMember("Database").getInstance()
   }
 
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to a Sqlite database instance. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode db(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    result = newDb()
-    or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = db(t2).track(t2, t))
-  }
-
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to a Sqlite database instance. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode db() { result = db(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
   /** A call to a Sqlite query method. */
   private class QueryCall extends DatabaseAccess, DataFlow::MethodCallNode {
     QueryCall() {
@@ -212,7 +178,7 @@ private module Sqlite {
         meth = "prepare" or
         meth = "run"
       |
-        this = db().getAMethodCall(meth)
+        this = newDb().getMember(meth).getReturn().getAUse()
       )
     }
 
@@ -230,30 +196,24 @@ private module Sqlite {
  */
 private module MsSql {
   /** Gets a reference to the `mssql` module. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode mssql() { result = DataFlow::moduleImport("mssql") }
-
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to a request object. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode request(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    (
-      // new require('mssql').Request()
-      result = mssql().getAConstructorInvocation("Request")
-      or
-      // request.input(...)
-      result = request().getAMethodCall("input")
-    )
+  API::Node mssql() { result = API::moduleImport("mssql") }
+
+  /** Gets an expression that creates a request object. */
+  API::Node request() {
+    // new require('mssql').Request()
+    result = mssql().getMember("Request").getInstance()
     or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = request(t2).track(t2, t))
+    // request.input(...)
+    result = request().getMember("input").getReturn()
   }
 
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to a request object. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode request() { result = request(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
   /** A tagged template evaluated as a query. */
   private class QueryTemplateExpr extends DatabaseAccess, DataFlow::ValueNode {
     override TaggedTemplateExpr astNode;
 
-    QueryTemplateExpr() { mssql().getAPropertyRead("query").flowsToExpr(astNode.getTag()) }
+    QueryTemplateExpr() {
+      mssql().getMember("query").getAUse() = DataFlow::valueNode(astNode.getTag())
+    }
 
     override DataFlow::Node getAQueryArgument() {
       result = DataFlow::valueNode(astNode.getTemplate().getAnElement())
@@ -262,7 +222,7 @@ private module MsSql {
 
   /** A call to a MsSql query method. */
   private class QueryCall extends DatabaseAccess, DataFlow::MethodCallNode {
-    QueryCall() { this = request().getAMethodCall(["query", "batch"]) }
+    QueryCall() { this = request().getMember(["query", "batch"]).getReturn().getAUse() }
 
     override DataFlow::Node getAQueryArgument() { result = getArgument(0) }
   }
@@ -292,9 +252,9 @@ private module MsSql {
     Credentials() {
       exists(DataFlow::InvokeNode call, string prop |
         (
-          call = mssql().getAMemberCall("connect")
+          call = mssql().getMember("connect").getReturn().getAUse()
           or
-          call = mssql().getAConstructorInvocation("ConnectionPool")
+          call = mssql().getMember("ConnectionPool").getInstance().getAUse()
         ) and
         this = call.getOptionArgument(0, prop).asExpr() and
         (
@@ -313,26 +273,17 @@ private module MsSql {
  * Provides classes modelling the `sequelize` package.
  */
 private module Sequelize {
-  /** Gets a node referring to an instance of the `Sequelize` class. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode sequelize(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    result = DataFlow::moduleImport("sequelize").getAnInstantiation()
-    or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = sequelize(t2).track(t2, t))
-  }
+  /** Gets an import of the `sequelize` module. */
+  API::Node sequelize() { result = API::moduleImport("sequelize") }
 
-  /** Gets a node referring to an instance of the `Sequelize` class. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode sequelize() { result = sequelize(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
+  /** Gets an expression that creates an instance of the `Sequelize` class. */
+  API::Node newSequelize() { result = sequelize().getInstance() }
 
   /** A call to `Sequelize.query`. */
-  private class QueryCall extends DatabaseAccess, DataFlow::ValueNode {
-    override MethodCallExpr astNode;
-
-    QueryCall() { this = sequelize().getAMethodCall("query") }
+  private class QueryCall extends DatabaseAccess, DataFlow::MethodCallNode {
+    QueryCall() { this = newSequelize().getMember("query").getReturn().getAUse() }
 
-    override DataFlow::Node getAQueryArgument() {
-      result = DataFlow::valueNode(astNode.getArgument(0))
-    }
+    override DataFlow::Node getAQueryArgument() { result = getArgument(0) }
   }
 
   /** An expression that is passed to `Sequelize.query` method and hence interpreted as SQL. */
@@ -349,7 +300,7 @@ private module Sequelize {
 
     Credentials() {
       exists(NewExpr ne, string prop |
-        ne = sequelize().asExpr() and
+        ne = newSequelize().getAUse().asExpr() and
         (
           this = ne.getArgument(1) and prop = "username"
           or
@@ -376,69 +327,36 @@ private module Spanner {
   /**
    * Gets a node that refers to the `Spanner` class
    */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode spanner() {
+  API::Node spanner() {
     // older versions
-    result = DataFlow::moduleImport("@google-cloud/spanner")
+    result = API::moduleImport("@google-cloud/spanner")
     or
     // newer versions
-    result = DataFlow::moduleMember("@google-cloud/spanner", "Spanner")
-  }
-
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to the result of `Spanner()` or `new Spanner()`. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode spannerNew(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    result = spanner().getAnInvocation()
-    or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = spannerNew(t2).track(t2, t))
+    result = API::moduleImport("@google-cloud/spanner").getMember("Spanner")
   }
 
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to the result of `Spanner()` or `new Spanner()`. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode spannerNew() { result = spannerNew(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to the result of `.instance()`. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode instance(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    result = spannerNew().getAMethodCall("instance")
-    or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = instance(t2).track(t2, t))
-  }
-
-  /** Gets a data flow node referring to the result of `.instance()`. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode instance() { result = instance(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
-  /** Gets a node that refers to an instance of the `Database` class. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode database(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    result = instance().getAMethodCall("database")
-    or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = database(t2).track(t2, t))
+  /**
+   * Gets a node that refers to an instance of the `Database` class.
+   */
+  API::Node database() {
+    result =
+      spanner().getReturn().getMember("instance").getReturn().getMember("database").getReturn()
   }
 
-  /** Gets a node that refers to an instance of the `Database` class. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode database() { result = database(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
-  /** Gets a node that refers to an instance of the `v1.SpannerClient` class. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode v1SpannerClient(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    result = spanner().getAPropertyRead("v1").getAPropertyRead("SpannerClient").getAnInstantiation()
-    or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = v1SpannerClient(t2).track(t2, t))
+  /**
+   * Gets a node that refers to an instance of the `v1.SpannerClient` class.
+   */
+  API::Node v1SpannerClient() {
+    result = spanner().getMember("v1").getMember("SpannerClient").getInstance()
   }
 
-  /** Gets a node that refers to an instance of the `v1.SpannerClient` class. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode v1SpannerClient() { result = v1SpannerClient(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
-  /** Gets a node that refers to a transaction object. */
-  private DataFlow::SourceNode transaction(DataFlow::TypeTracker t) {
-    t.start() and
-    result = database().getAMethodCall("runTransaction").getABoundCallbackParameter(0, 1)
-    or
-    exists(DataFlow::TypeTracker t2 | result = transaction(t2).track(t2, t))
+  /**
+   * Gets a node that refers to a transaction object.
+   */
+  API::Node transaction() {
+    result = database().getMember("runTransaction").getParameter(0).getParameter(1)
   }
 
-  /** Gets a node that refers to a transaction object. */
-  DataFlow::SourceNode transaction() { result = transaction(DataFlow::TypeTracker::end()) }
-
   /**
    * A call to a Spanner method that executes a SQL query.
    */
@@ -460,7 +378,8 @@ private module Spanner {
    */
   class DatabaseRunCall extends SqlExecution {
     DatabaseRunCall() {
-      this = database().getAMethodCall(["run", "runPartitionedUpdate", "runStream"])
+      this =
+        database().getMember(["run", "runPartitionedUpdate", "runStream"]).getReturn().getAUse()
     }
   }
 
@@ -468,7 +387,9 @@ private module Spanner {
    * A call to `Transaction.run`, `Transaction.runStream` or `Transaction.runUpdate`.
    */
   class TransactionRunCall extends SqlExecution {
-    TransactionRunCall() { this = transaction().getAMethodCall(["run", "runStream", "runUpdate"]) }
+    TransactionRunCall() {
+      this = transaction().getMember(["run", "runStream", "runUpdate"]).getReturn().getAUse()
+    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -476,7 +397,8 @@ private module Spanner {
    */
   class ExecuteSqlCall extends SqlExecution {
     ExecuteSqlCall() {
-      this = v1SpannerClient().getAMethodCall(["executeSql", "executeStreamingSql"])
+      this =
+        v1SpannerClient().getMember(["executeSql", "executeStreamingSql"]).getReturn().getAUse()
     }
 
     override DataFlow::Node getAQueryArgument() {
diff --git a/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/frameworks/SystemCommandExecutors.qll b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/frameworks/SystemCommandExecutors.qll
index 87c01f46c7b7..c6c59ccaa4bd 100644
--- a/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/frameworks/SystemCommandExecutors.qll
+++ b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/frameworks/SystemCommandExecutors.qll
@@ -5,6 +5,50 @@
 
 import javascript
 
+private predicate execApi(string mod, string fn, int cmdArg, int optionsArg, boolean shell) {
+  mod = "cross-spawn" and
+  fn = "sync" and
+  cmdArg = 0 and
+  shell = false and
+  optionsArg = -1
+  or
+  mod = "execa" and
+  optionsArg = -1 and
+  (
+    shell = false and
+    (
+      fn = "node" or
+      fn = "shell" or
+      fn = "shellSync" or
+      fn = "stdout" or
+      fn = "stderr" or
+      fn = "sync"
+    )
+    or
+    shell = true and
+    (fn = "command" or fn = "commandSync")
+  ) and
+  cmdArg = 0
+}
+
+private predicate execApi(string mod, int cmdArg, int optionsArg, boolean shell) {
+  shell = false and
+  (
+    mod = "cross-spawn" and cmdArg = 0 and optionsArg = -1
+    or
+    mod = "cross-spawn-async" and cmdArg = 0 and optionsArg = -1
+    or
+    mod = "exec-async" and cmdArg = 0 and optionsArg = -1
+    or
+    mod = "execa" and cmdArg = 0 and optionsArg = -1
+  )
+  or
+  shell = true and
+  mod = "exec" and
+  optionsArg = -2 and
+  cmdArg = 0
+}
+
 private class SystemCommandExecutors extends SystemCommandExecution, DataFlow::InvokeNode {
   int cmdArg;
   int optionsArg; // either a positive number representing the n'th argument, or a negative number representing the n'th last argument (e.g. -2 is the second last argument).
@@ -12,61 +56,19 @@ private class SystemCommandExecutors extends SystemCommandExecution, DataFlow::I
   boolean sync;
 
   SystemCommandExecutors() {
-    exists(string mod, DataFlow::SourceNode callee |
-      exists(string method |
-        mod = "cross-spawn" and method = "sync" and cmdArg = 0 and shell = false and optionsArg = -1
-        or
-        mod = "execa" and
-        optionsArg = -1 and
-        (
-          shell = false and
-          (
-            method = "shell" or
-            method = "shellSync" or
-            method = "stdout" or
-            method = "stderr" or
-            method = "sync"
-          )
-          or
-          shell = true and
-          (method = "command" or method = "commandSync")
-        ) and
-        cmdArg = 0
-        or
-        mod = "execa" and
-        method = "node" and
-        cmdArg = 0 and
-        optionsArg = 1 and
-        shell = false
-      |
-        callee = DataFlow::moduleMember(mod, method) and
-        sync = getSync(method)
+    exists(string mod |
+      exists(string fn |
+        execApi(mod, fn, cmdArg, optionsArg, shell) and
+        sync = getSync(fn) and
+        this = API::moduleImport(mod).getMember(fn).getReturn().getAUse()
       )
       or
+      execApi(mod, cmdArg, optionsArg, shell) and
       sync = false and
-      (
-        shell = false and
-        (
-          mod = "cross-spawn" and cmdArg = 0 and optionsArg = -1
-          or
-          mod = "cross-spawn-async" and cmdArg = 0 and optionsArg = -1
-          or
-          mod = "exec-async" and cmdArg = 0 and optionsArg = -1
-          or
-          mod = "execa" and cmdArg = 0 and optionsArg = -1
-        )
-        or
-        shell = true and
-        mod = "exec" and
-        optionsArg = -2 and
-        cmdArg = 0
-      ) and
-      callee = DataFlow::moduleImport(mod)
-    |
-      this = callee.getACall()
+      this = API::moduleImport(mod).getReturn().getAUse()
     )
     or
-    this = DataFlow::moduleImport("foreground-child").getACall() and
+    this = API::moduleImport("foreground-child").getReturn().getAUse() and
     cmdArg = 0 and
     optionsArg = 1 and
     shell = false and
@@ -110,19 +112,19 @@ private class RemoteCommandExecutor extends SystemCommandExecution, DataFlow::In
   int cmdArg;
 
   RemoteCommandExecutor() {
-    this = DataFlow::moduleImport("remote-exec").getACall() and
+    this = API::moduleImport("remote-exec").getReturn().getAUse() and
     cmdArg = 1
     or
-    exists(DataFlow::SourceNode ssh2, DataFlow::SourceNode client |
-      ssh2 = DataFlow::moduleImport("ssh2") and
-      (client = ssh2 or client = ssh2.getAPropertyRead("Client")) and
-      this = client.getAnInstantiation().getAMethodCall("exec") and
+    exists(API::Node ssh2, API::Node client |
+      ssh2 = API::moduleImport("ssh2") and
+      client in [ssh2, ssh2.getMember("Client")] and
+      this = client.getInstance().getMember("exec").getReturn().getAUse() and
       cmdArg = 0
     )
     or
-    exists(DataFlow::SourceNode ssh2stream |
-      ssh2stream = DataFlow::moduleMember("ssh2-streams", "SSH2Stream") and
-      this = ssh2stream.getAnInstantiation().getAMethodCall("exec") and
+    exists(API::Node ssh2stream |
+      ssh2stream = API::moduleImport("ssh2-streams").getMember("SSH2Stream") and
+      this = ssh2stream.getInstance().getMember("exec").getReturn().getAUse() and
       cmdArg = 1
     )
   }
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ private class RemoteCommandExecutor extends SystemCommandExecution, DataFlow::In
 }
 
 private class Opener extends SystemCommandExecution, DataFlow::InvokeNode {
-  Opener() { this = DataFlow::moduleImport("opener").getACall() }
+  Opener() { this = API::moduleImport("opener").getReturn().getAUse() }
 
   override DataFlow::Node getACommandArgument() { result = getOptionArgument(1, "command") }
 
diff --git a/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/security/dataflow/MissingRateLimiting.qll b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/security/dataflow/MissingRateLimiting.qll
index 82db9e0fad31..9b26660c6f0e 100644
--- a/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/security/dataflow/MissingRateLimiting.qll
+++ b/javascript/ql/src/semmle/javascript/security/dataflow/MissingRateLimiting.qll
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ abstract class RateLimiter extends Express::RouteHandlerExpr { }
  */
 class ExpressRateLimit extends RateLimiter {
   ExpressRateLimit() {
-    DataFlow::moduleImport("express-rate-limit").getAnInvocation().flowsToExpr(this)
+    this = API::moduleImport("express-rate-limit").getReturn().getAUse().asExpr()
   }
 }
 
@@ -135,11 +135,7 @@ class ExpressRateLimit extends RateLimiter {
  */
 class BruteForceRateLimit extends RateLimiter {
   BruteForceRateLimit() {
-    exists(DataFlow::ModuleImportNode expressBrute, DataFlow::SourceNode prevent |
-      expressBrute.getPath() = "express-brute" and
-      prevent = expressBrute.getAnInstantiation().getAPropertyRead("prevent") and
-      prevent.flowsToExpr(this)
-    )
+    this = API::moduleImport("express-brute").getInstance().getMember("prevent").getAUse().asExpr()
   }
 }
 
@@ -148,11 +144,8 @@ class BruteForceRateLimit extends RateLimiter {
  */
 class RouteHandlerLimitedByExpressLimiter extends RateLimitedRouteHandlerExpr {
   RouteHandlerLimitedByExpressLimiter() {
-    exists(DataFlow::ModuleImportNode expressLimiter |
-      expressLimiter.getPath() = "express-limiter" and
-      expressLimiter.getACall().getArgument(0).getALocalSource().asExpr() =
-        this.getSetup().getRouter()
-    )
+    API::moduleImport("express-limiter").getParameter(0).getARhs().getALocalSource().asExpr() =
+      this.getSetup().getRouter()
   }
 }
 
@@ -175,14 +168,14 @@ class RouteHandlerLimitedByExpressLimiter extends RateLimitedRouteHandlerExpr {
 class RateLimiterFlexibleRateLimiter extends DataFlow::FunctionNode {
   RateLimiterFlexibleRateLimiter() {
     exists(
-      string rateLimiterClassName, DataFlow::SourceNode rateLimiterClass,
-      DataFlow::SourceNode rateLimiterInstance, DataFlow::ParameterNode request
+      string rateLimiterClassName, API::Node rateLimiterClass, API::Node rateLimiterConsume,
+      DataFlow::ParameterNode request
     |
       rateLimiterClassName.matches("RateLimiter%") and
-      rateLimiterClass = DataFlow::moduleMember("rate-limiter-flexible", rateLimiterClassName) and
-      rateLimiterInstance = rateLimiterClass.getAnInstantiation() and
+      rateLimiterClass = API::moduleImport("rate-limiter-flexible").getMember(rateLimiterClassName) and
+      rateLimiterConsume = rateLimiterClass.getInstance().getMember("consume") and
       request.getParameter() = getRouteHandlerParameter(getFunction(), "request") and
-      request.getAPropertyRead() = rateLimiterInstance.getAMemberCall("consume").getAnArgument()
+      request.getAPropertyRead().flowsTo(rateLimiterConsume.getAParameter().getARhs())
     )
   }
 }
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/VerifyAssertions.qll b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/VerifyAssertions.qll
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4c92792cce5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/VerifyAssertions.qll
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/**
+ * A test query that verifies assertions about the API graph embedded in source-code comments.
+ *
+ * An assertion is a comment of the form `def <path>` or `use <path>`, and asserts that
+ * there is a def/use feature reachable from the root along the given path (described using
+ * s-expression syntax), and its associated data-flow node must start on the same line as the
+ * comment.
+ *
+ * We also support negative assertions of the form `!def <path>` or `!use <path>`, which assert
+ * that there _isn't_ a node with the given path on the same line.
+ *
+ * The query only produces output for failed assertions, meaning that it should have no output
+ * under normal circumstances.
+ *
+ * Note that this query file isn't itself meant to be run as a test; instead, the `.qlref`s
+ * referring to it from inside the individual test directories should be run. However, when
+ * all tests are run this test will also be run, hence we need to check in a (somewhat nonsensical)
+ * `.expected` file for it as well.
+ */
+
+import javascript
+
+private DataFlow::Node getNode(API::Node nd, string kind) {
+  kind = "def" and
+  result = nd.getARhs()
+  or
+  kind = "use" and
+  result = nd.getAUse()
+}
+
+private string getLoc(DataFlow::Node nd) {
+  exists(string filepath, int startline |
+    nd.hasLocationInfo(filepath, startline, _, _, _) and
+    result = filepath + ":" + startline
+  )
+}
+
+/**
+ * An assertion matching a data-flow node against an API-graph feature.
+ */
+class Assertion extends Comment {
+  string polarity;
+  string expectedKind;
+  string expectedLoc;
+
+  Assertion() {
+    exists(string txt, string rex |
+      txt = this.getText().trim() and
+      rex = "(!?)(def|use) .*"
+    |
+      polarity = txt.regexpCapture(rex, 1) and
+      expectedKind = txt.regexpCapture(rex, 2) and
+      expectedLoc = getFile().getAbsolutePath() + ":" + getLocation().getStartLine()
+    )
+  }
+
+  string getEdgeLabel(int i) { result = this.getText().regexpFind("(?<=\\()[^()]+", i, _).trim() }
+
+  int getPathLength() { result = max(int i | exists(getEdgeLabel(i))) + 1 }
+
+  API::Node lookup(int i) {
+    i = getPathLength() and
+    result = API::root()
+    or
+    result = lookup(i + 1).getASuccessor(getEdgeLabel(i))
+  }
+
+  predicate isNegative() { polarity = "!" }
+
+  predicate holds() { getLoc(getNode(lookup(0), expectedKind)) = expectedLoc }
+
+  string tryExplainFailure() {
+    exists(int i, API::Node nd, string prefix, string suffix |
+      nd = lookup(i) and
+      i > 0 and
+      not exists(lookup([0 .. i - 1])) and
+      prefix = nd + " has no outgoing edge labelled " + getEdgeLabel(i - 1) + ";" and
+      if exists(nd.getASuccessor())
+      then
+        suffix =
+          "it does have outgoing edges labelled " +
+            concat(string lbl | exists(nd.getASuccessor(lbl)) | lbl, ", ") + "."
+      else suffix = "it has no outgoing edges at all."
+    |
+      result = prefix + " " + suffix
+    )
+    or
+    exists(API::Node nd, string kind | nd = lookup(0) |
+      exists(getNode(nd, kind)) and
+      not exists(getNode(nd, expectedKind)) and
+      result = "Expected " + expectedKind + " node, but found " + kind + " node."
+    )
+    or
+    exists(DataFlow::Node nd | nd = getNode(lookup(0), expectedKind) |
+      not getLoc(nd) = expectedLoc and
+      result = "Node not found on this line (but there is one on line " + min(getLoc(nd)) + ")."
+    )
+  }
+
+  string explainFailure() {
+    if isNegative()
+    then (
+      holds() and
+      result = "Negative assertion failed."
+    ) else (
+      not holds() and
+      (
+        result = tryExplainFailure()
+        or
+        not exists(tryExplainFailure()) and
+        result = "Positive assertion failed for unknown reasons."
+      )
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+query predicate failed(Assertion a, string explanation) { explanation = a.explainFailure() }
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8f7169081dc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+const assert = require("assert");
+
+let o = {
+    foo: 23 /* def (member foo (parameter 0 (member equal (member exports (module assert))))) */
+};
+assert.equal(o, o);
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2a21d6294b3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/argprops/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "name": "argprops"
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0c3b43461c1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+const fs = require('fs-extra');
+
+module.exports.foo = async function foo() {
+    return await fs.copy('/tmp/myfile', '/tmp/mynewfile'); /* use (promised (return (member copy (member exports (module fs-extra))))) */ /* def (promised (return (member foo (member exports (module async-await))))) */
+};
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f4abf1711545
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/async-await/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+    "name": "async-await",
+    "dependencies": {
+        "fs-extra": "*"
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8af9a7ac5864
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+const fs = require('fs');
+
+exports.foo = function (cb) {
+    if (!cb)
+        cb = function () { };
+    cb(fs.readFileSync("/etc/passwd")); /* def (parameter 0 (parameter 0 (member foo (member exports (module branching-flow))))) */
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7f366c52ed4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/branching-flow/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "name": "branching-flow"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/classes.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/classes.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4d6fab7ee373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/classes.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+const util = require('util');
+const EventEmitter = require('events');
+
+function MyStream() {
+    EventEmitter.call(this);
+}
+
+util.inherits(MyStream, EventEmitter);
+
+MyStream.prototype.write = (data) => this.emit('data', data);
+
+function MyOtherStream() { /* use (instance (member MyOtherStream (member exports (module classes)))) */
+    EventEmitter.call(this);
+}
+
+util.inherits(MyOtherStream, EventEmitter);
+
+MyOtherStream.prototype.write = function (data) { /* use (instance (member MyOtherStream (member exports (module classes)))) */
+    this.emit('data', data);
+    return this;
+};
+
+module.exports.MyOtherStream = MyOtherStream;
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b237b8db8fe9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/classes/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+    "name": "classes",
+    "main": "./classes.js"
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..24f9f0d938e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+export class A {
+    constructor(x) { /* use (parameter 0 (member A (member exports (module ctor-arg)))) */
+        console.log(x);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9cf34139f0af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/ctor-arg/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "name": "ctor-arg"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..fb8a943f2cad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+class CustomEntryPoint extends API::EntryPoint {
+  CustomEntryPoint() { this = "CustomEntryPoint" }
+
+  override DataFlow::SourceNode getAUse() { result = DataFlow::globalVarRef("CustomEntryPoint") }
+
+  override DataFlow::Node getARhs() { none() }
+}
+
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..43819d6ef6b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module.exports = CustomEntryPoint.foo; /* use (member foo (CustomEntryPoint)) */
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..902d9f087d36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/custom-entry-point/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "name": "custom-entry-point"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..81bea276eb89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+const foo = require("foo");
+
+while(foo)
+  foo = foo.foo; /* use (member foo (member exports (module foo))) */ /* use (member foo (member foo (member exports (module foo)))) */
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ebcde915f44e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/cyclic/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+    "name": "cyclic",
+    "dependencies": {
+        "foo": "*"
+    }
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2c76a4091c96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+const MyStream = require('classes').MyStream;
+
+var s = new MyStream();
+for (let m of ["write"])
+    s[m]("Hello, world!"); /* use (member * (instance (member MyStream (member exports (module classes))))) */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2c83b5bf0d79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/dynamic-prop-read/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+    "name": "dynamic-prop-read",
+    "dependencies": {
+        "classes": "*"
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a40722bb06a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+anotherUnknownFunction().foo = 42; /* !def (member foo (member exports (module imprecise-export))) */
+
+module.exports = unknownFunction();
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7554b8ae1169
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecise-export/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "name": "imprecise-export"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e8270e8d7e04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+const http = require('http');
+let req = http.get(url, cb);
+req.on('connect', (
+    req, /* use (parameter 0 (parameter 1 (member on (return (member get (member exports (module http))))))) */
+    clientSocket, head) => { /* ...  */ });
+req.on('information', (
+    info /* use (parameter 0 (parameter 1 (member on (return (member get (member exports (module http))))))) */
+    ) => { /* ... */ });
+
+req.on('connect', () => { }) /* def (parameter 0 (member on (return (member get (member exports (module http)))))) */
+   .on('information', () => { }) /* def (parameter 0 (member on (return (member on (return (member get (member exports (module http)))))))) */;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..586715f89274
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/imprecision/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "name": "imprecision"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4b3b20eac1d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+import foo from "@myorg/myotherpkg";
+foo(); /* use (member default (member exports (module @myorg/myotherpkg))) */
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..70a3c46e6ec2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/namespaced-package/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+    "name": "@myorg/mypkg",
+    "dependencies": {
+        "@myorg/myotherpkg": "*"
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..224f16295b48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module.exports.foo = function (x) { /* use (parameter 0 (member foo (member exports (module nested-property-export)))) */
+    return x;
+};
+
+module.exports.foo.bar = function (y) { /* use (parameter 0 (member bar (member foo (member exports (module nested-property-export))))) */
+    return y;
+};
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..57fc1e3e231b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nested-property-export/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "name": "nested-property-export"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..debbd554b90e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+const express = require('express');
+
+var app1 = new express();
+app1.get('/',
+    (req, res) => res.send('Hello World!') /* def (parameter 1 (member get (instance (member exports (module express))))) */
+);
+
+function makeApp() {
+    return new express();
+}
+
+var app2 = makeApp();
+app2.get('/',
+    (req, res) => res.send('Hello World!') /* def (parameter 1 (member get (instance (member exports (module express))))) */
+);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9ac64d76c1f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/nonlocal/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+    "name": "nonlocal",
+    "dependencies": {
+        "express": "*"
+    }
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..a3552dbdf643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+const fs = require("fs"),
+    fse = require("fs-extra"),
+    base64 = require("base-64");
+
+module.exports.readFile = function (f) {
+    return new Promise((res, rej) => {
+        fs.readFile(f, (err, data) => {
+            if (err)
+                rej(err);
+            else
+                res(data); /* def (promised (return (member readFile (member exports (module promises))))) */
+        });
+    });
+};
+
+module.exports.readFileAndEncode = function (f) {
+    return fse.readFile(f)
+        .then((data) => /* use (promised (return (member readFile (member exports (module fs-extra))))) */
+            base64.encode(data) /* def (promised (return (member readFileAndEncode (member exports (module promises))))) */
+        );
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..992975b2a675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/promises/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+    "name": "promises",
+    "dependencies": {
+        "fs-extra": "*"
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9815f2e44c84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/VerifyAssertions.expected
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| lib/utils.js:1:38:1:120 | /* use  ... )))) */ | def (member util (member exports (module reexport))) has no outgoing edge labelled member id; it has no outgoing edges at all. |
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b88845d7175d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+const impl = require("./lib/impl.js");
+
+module.exports = {
+    impl,
+    util: require("./lib/utils")
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/lib/impl.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/lib/impl.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5c65e1cb6363
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/lib/impl.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module.exports = function () {
+    return 42; /* def (return (member impl (member exports (module reexport)))) */
+};
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/lib/utils.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/lib/utils.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..35110d694203
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/lib/utils.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module.exports.id = function id(x) { /* use (parameter 0 (member id (member util (member exports (module reexport)))) */
+    return x;
+};
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b33f2e04bf8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/reexport/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "name": "reexport"
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/index.js b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..229adadfa0ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+export class A {
+    foo() {
+        return this; /* def (return (member foo (instance (member A (member exports (module return-self)))))) */
+    }
+    bar(x) { } /* use (parameter 0 (member bar (instance (member A (member exports (module return-self)))))) */
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..807cd16edd6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/return-self/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "name": "return-self"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/VerifyAssertions.expected b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/VerifyAssertions.expected
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/VerifyAssertions.ql b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/VerifyAssertions.ql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b9c54e26072d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/VerifyAssertions.ql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+import ApiGraphs.VerifyAssertions
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/index.ts b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b89dac43aff1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import * as mongodb from "mongodb";
+
+const express = require("express") as any;
+const bodyParser = require("body-parser") as any;
+
+declare function getCollection(): mongodb.Collection;
+
+let app = express();
+
+app.use(bodyParser.json());
+
+app.post("/find", (req, res) => {
+  let v = JSON.parse(req.body.x);
+  getCollection().find({ id: v }); /* use (member find (instance (member Collection (module mongodb)))) */
+});
+
+import * as mongoose from "mongoose";
+declare function getMongooseModel(): mongoose.Model;
+declare function getMongooseQuery(): mongoose.Query;
+app.post("/find", (req, res) => {
+  let v = JSON.parse(req.body.x);
+  getMongooseModel().find({ id: v }); /* def (parameter 0 (member find (instance (member Model (module mongoose))))) */
+  getMongooseQuery().find({ id: v }); /* def (parameter 0 (member find (instance (member Query (module mongoose))))) */
+});
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/package.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5862feda88fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+    "name": "typed",
+    "dependencies": {
+        "mongodb": "*",
+        "mongoose": "*"
+    }
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/shim.d.ts b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/shim.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2f3b2ce9b512
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/shim.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+declare module "mongodb" {
+  interface Collection {
+    find(query: any): any;
+  }
+}
+declare module "mongoose" {
+  interface Model {
+    find(query: any): any;
+  }
+  interface Query {
+    find(query: any): any;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/tsconfig.json b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..4c06d765a041
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/ApiGraphs/typed/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "include": ["."],
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "esModuleInterop": true
+  }
+}
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/Credentials.expected b/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/Credentials.expected
index c6f466cdae91..a7d4af58a909 100644
--- a/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/Credentials.expected
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/Credentials.expected
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 | mssql3.js:12:13:12:22 | 'password' | password |
 | mysql1.js:6:14:6:17 | 'me' | user name |
 | mysql1.js:7:14:7:21 | 'secret' | password |
+| mysql1a.js:10:9:10:12 | 'me' | user name |
+| mysql1a.js:11:13:11:20 | 'secret' | password |
 | mysql2.js:7:21:7:25 | 'bob' | user name |
 | mysql2.js:8:21:8:28 | 'secret' | password |
 | mysql2tst.js:8:9:8:14 | 'root' | user name |
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/SqlString.expected b/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/SqlString.expected
index fb8a133937d6..b3e9e240944f 100644
--- a/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/SqlString.expected
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/SqlString.expected
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 | mssql2.js:22:24:22:43 | 'select 1 as number' |
 | mysql1.js:13:18:13:43 | 'SELECT ... lution' |
 | mysql1.js:18:18:22:1 | {\\n    s ... vid']\\n} |
+| mysql1a.js:17:18:17:43 | 'SELECT ... lution' |
 | mysql2.js:12:12:12:37 | 'SELECT ... lution' |
 | mysql2tst.js:14:3:14:62 | 'SELECT ... ` > 45' |
 | mysql2tst.js:23:3:23:56 | 'SELECT ... e` > ?' |
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/mysql1a.js b/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/mysql1a.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..eff9c35101e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/library-tests/frameworks/SQL/mysql1a.js
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Adapted from the documentation of https://github.com/mysqljs/mysql,
+// which is licensed under the MIT license; see file mysqljs-License.
+
+function importMySql() {
+  return require("mysql");
+}
+
+var connection = importMySql().createConnection({
+  host: 'localhost',
+  user: 'me',
+  password: 'secret',
+  database: 'my_db'
+});
+
+connection.connect();
+
+connection.query('SELECT 1 + 1 AS solution', function (error, results, fields) {
+  if (error) throw error;
+  console.log('The solution is: ', results[0].solution);
+});
+
+connection.end();
+
+exports.connection = connection;
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Declarations/DeadStoreOfProperty/DeadStoreOfProperty.expected b/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Declarations/DeadStoreOfProperty/DeadStoreOfProperty.expected
index 68890cc34da7..b22ab1e4b570 100644
--- a/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Declarations/DeadStoreOfProperty/DeadStoreOfProperty.expected
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Declarations/DeadStoreOfProperty/DeadStoreOfProperty.expected
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+| exports.js:2:1:2:22 | exports ... = "yes" | This write to property 'answer' is useless, since $@ always overrides it. | exports.js:3:1:3:21 | exports ...  = "no" | another property write |
 | fieldInit.ts:10:3:10:8 | f = 4; | This write to property 'f' is useless, since $@ always overrides it. | fieldInit.ts:13:5:13:14 | this.f = 5 | another property write |
 | real-world-examples.js:5:4:5:11 | o.p = 42 | This write to property 'p' is useless, since $@ always overrides it. | real-world-examples.js:10:2:10:9 | o.p = 42 | another property write |
 | real-world-examples.js:15:9:15:18 | o.p1 += 42 | This write to property 'p1' is useless, since $@ always overrides it. | real-world-examples.js:15:2:15:18 | o.p1 = o.p1 += 42 | another property write |
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Declarations/DeadStoreOfProperty/exports.js b/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Declarations/DeadStoreOfProperty/exports.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c4b70604781d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Declarations/DeadStoreOfProperty/exports.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+var exports = module.exports;
+exports.answer = "yes"; // NOT OK
+exports.answer = "no";
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-770/rateLimit.ts b/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-770/rateLimit.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e9f8854b8ccf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-770/rateLimit.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import rateLimit from 'express-rate-limit';
+
+const rateLimitMiddleware = rateLimit();
+
+export default rateLimitMiddleware;
diff --git a/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-770/tst2.ts b/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-770/tst2.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..32e04e2ff206
--- /dev/null
+++ b/javascript/ql/test/query-tests/Security/CWE-770/tst2.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import express from 'express';
+import rateLimiter from './rateLimit';
+
+const app = express();
+app.use(rateLimiter);
+app.get('/', (req, res) => {
+    res.sendFile('index.html'); // OK
+});