{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "#Snippets and Programs from Chapter 7: Solving Calculus Problems" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 3, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "0" ] }, "execution_count": 3, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P182: Simple example of finding the limit\n", ">>> from sympy import Limit, Symbol, S \n", ">>> x = Symbol('x')\n", ">>> Limit(1/x, x, S.Infinity).doit()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 5, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "-oo" ] }, "execution_count": 5, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P182: Specifying the limit direction: negative\n", ">>> from sympy import Limit\n", ">>> Limit(1/x, x, 0, dir='-').doit()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 6, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "oo" ] }, "execution_count": 6, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P182: Specifying the limit direction: positive\n", ">>> from sympy import Limit\n", ">>> Limit(1/x, x, 0, dir='+').doit()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 8, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "1" ] }, "execution_count": 8, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P183: Indeterminate limit example\n", ">>> from sympy import Symbol, sin \n", ">>> Limit(sin(x)/x, x, 0).doit()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 10, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "p*exp(r*t)" ] }, "execution_count": 10, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P183: Continuous Compound Interest\n", ">>> from sympy import Symbol, Limit, S\n", ">>> n = Symbol('n')\n", ">>> p = Symbol('p', positive=True)\n", ">>> r = Symbol('r', positive=True)\n", ">>> t = Symbol('t', positive=True)\n", ">>> Limit(p*(1+r/n)**(n*t), n, S.Infinity).doit()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 12, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "10*t1 + 2" ] }, "execution_count": 12, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P184: Instantaneous Rate of Change\n", ">>> from sympy import Symbol, Limit\n", ">>> t = Symbol('t') \n", ">>> St = 5*t**2 + 2*t + 8\n", ">>> t1 = Symbol('t1')\n", ">>> delta_t = Symbol('delta_t')\n", ">>> St1 = St.subs({t: t1})\n", ">>> St1_delta = St.subs({t: t1 + delta_t})\n", ">>> Limit((St1_delta-St1)/delta_t, delta_t, 0).doit()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 17, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "10*t1 + 2" ] }, "execution_count": 17, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P185: Finding the derivative\n", ">>> from sympy import Symbol, Derivative \n", ">>> t = Symbol('t')\n", ">>> St = 5*t**2 + 2*t + 8\n", ">>> d = Derivative(St, t)\n", ">>> d.doit().subs({t:t1})" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 18, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "(2*x + 1)*(x**3 + x**2 + x) + (x**2 + x)*(3*x**2 + 2*x + 1)" ] }, "execution_count": 18, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P186: Derivative of a complicated arbitrary function\n", ">>> from sympy import Derivative, Symbol \n", ">>> x = Symbol('x')\n", ">>> f = (x**3 + x**2 + x)*(x**2+x)\n", ">>> Derivative(f, x).doit()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 19, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Enter a function: 2*x**2 + 3*x + 1\n", "Enter the variable to differentiate with respect to: x\n", "4⋅x + 3\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#P186: Derivative calculator\n", "'''\n", "Derivative Calculator\n", "'''\n", "from sympy import Symbol, Derivative, sympify, pprint\n", "from sympy.core.sympify import SympifyError\n", "\n", "def derivative(f, var):\n", " var = Symbol(var)\n", " d = Derivative(f, var).doit()\n", " pprint(d)\n", "\n", "if __name__=='__main__':\n", " f = input('Enter a function: ')\n", " var = input('Enter the variable to differentiate with respect to: ')\n", " try:\n", " f = sympify(f)\n", " except SympifyError:\n", " print('Invalid input')\n", " else:\n", " derivative(f, var)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 20, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Theta: 44.997815081691805\n", "Maximum Range: 63.7755100185965\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#P193: Use gradient ascent to find the angle at which a projectile has a maximum range\n", "\n", "'''\n", "Use gradient ascent to find the angle at which the projectile\n", "has maximum range for a fixed velocity, 25 m/s\n", "'''\n", "import math\n", "from sympy import Derivative, Symbol, sin\n", "\n", "def grad_ascent(x0, f1x, x):\n", " epsilon = 1e-6\n", " step_size = 1e-4\n", " x_old = x0\n", " x_new = x_old + step_size*f1x.subs({x:x_old}).evalf()\n", " while abs(x_old - x_new) > epsilon:\n", " x_old = x_new\n", " x_new = x_old + step_size*f1x.subs({x:x_old}).evalf()\n", " return x_new\n", "\n", "def find_max_theta(R, theta):\n", " # Calculate the first derivative\n", " R1theta = Derivative(R, theta).doit()\n", " theta0 = 1e-3\n", " theta_max = grad_ascent(theta0, R1theta, theta) \n", " return theta_max\n", "\n", "if __name__ == '__main__':\n", " g = 9.8\n", " # Assume initial velocity\n", " u = 25\n", " # Expression for range\n", " theta = Symbol('theta')\n", " R = u**2*sin(2*theta)/g\n", " theta_max = find_max_theta(R, theta)\n", " print('Theta: {0}'.format(math.degrees(theta_max)))\n", " print('Maximum Range: {0}'.format(R.subs({theta:theta_max})))" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, "metadata": { "collapsed": true }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "%matplotlib inline" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "image/png": 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smZ/z0rZWCzAmusZ268IB2UPX518NOkpM8FITGAU0Azq6xzvcc/lS1dA0vVI4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\nRK5CYII=\n", "text/plain": [ "" ] }, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "display_data" }, { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Theta: 44.997815081691805, Max. Range: 57.1394215709871\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#P193: This is the program corresponding to Figure 7-5\n", "'''\n", "Find the angle at which the projectile has maximum range for\n", "a fixed velocty, u. This also shows the intermediate points.\n", "'''\n", "\n", "import math\n", "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n", "from sympy import Derivative, Symbol, sin, cos, solve\n", "\n", "def plot_range_theta(u):\n", " g = 9.8\n", " angles = range(0, 90, 1)\n", " R = [u**2*math.sin(math.radians(2*angle))/g for angle in angles]\n", " plt.plot(angles, R)\n", " # Use LaTex for the X-axis label\n", " #plt.rc('text', usetex=True)\n", " plt.plot(angles, R)\n", " #plt.xlabel(r'$\\theta$ : Angle of projection (degrees)')\n", " plt.ylabel('R: Distance traveled by projectile (meters)')\n", "\n", "def grad_ascent(x0, f1x):\n", " theta = Symbol('theta')\n", " epsilon = 1e-6\n", " step_size = 1e-4\n", " x_old = x0\n", " x_new = x_old + step_size*f1x.subs({theta:x_old}).evalf()\n", "\n", " X = []\n", " while abs(x_old - x_new) > epsilon:\n", " X.append(x_new)\n", " x_old = x_new\n", " x_new = x_old + step_size*f1x.subs({theta:x_old}).evalf()\n", "\n", " return x_new, X\n", "\n", "def find_max_theta(R, theta):\n", " # Calculate the first derivative\n", " R1theta = Derivative(R, theta).doit()\n", " theta0 = 1e-3\n", " theta_max, X = grad_ascent(0.001, R1theta)\n", " return math.degrees(theta_max.evalf()), X\n", "\n", "if __name__ == '__main__':\n", " g = 9.8\n", " # Assume initial velocity\n", " u = 25\n", " plot_range_theta(u)\n", " theta = Symbol('theta')\n", " # Expression for range\n", " R = u**2*sin(2*theta)/g\n", " theta_max, X = find_max_theta(R, theta)\n", "\n", " # calculate R for all theta's traversed\n", " Y = [u**2*math.sin(2*angle)/g for angle in X]\n", " X = [math.degrees(angle) for angle in X]\n", " plt.plot(X, Y, 'ro')\n", " plt.show()\n", " print('Theta: {0}, Max. Range: {1}'.format(theta_max, R.subs({theta:theta_max})))" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 22, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Enter a function in one variable: 25*25*sin(2*theta)/9.8\n", "Enter the variable to differentiate with respect to: theta\n", "Enter the initial value of the variable: 0.001\n", "theta: 0.785360029379083\n", "Maximum value: 63.7755100185965\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#P195: Generic program for gradient ascent\n", "'''\n", "Use gradient ascent to find the maximum value of a\n", "single variable function\n", "'''\n", "from sympy import Derivative, Symbol, sympify\n", "def grad_ascent(x0, f1x, x):\n", " epsilon = 1e-6\n", " step_size = 1e-4\n", " x_old = x0\n", " x_new = x_old + step_size*f1x.subs({x:x_old}).evalf()\n", " while abs(x_old - x_new) > epsilon:\n", " x_old = x_new\n", " x_new = x_old + step_size*f1x.subs({x:x_old}).evalf()\n", " return x_new\n", "\n", "if __name__ == '__main__':\n", " f = input('Enter a function in one variable: ')\n", " var = input('Enter the variable to differentiate with respect to: ')\n", " var0 = float(input('Enter the initial value of the variable: '))\n", " try:\n", " f = sympify(f)\n", " except SympifyError:\n", " print('Invalid function entered')\n", " else:\n", " var = Symbol(var)\n", " d = Derivative(f, var).doit()\n", " var_max = grad_ascent(var0, d, var)\n", " print('{0}: {1}'.format(var.name, var_max))\n", " print('Maximum value: {0}'.format(f.subs({var:var_max})))" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 24, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Enter a function in one variable: log(x)\n", "Enter the variable to differentiate with respect to: x\n", "Enter the initial value of the variable: 0.1\n", "Cannot continue, solution for 1/x=0 does not exist\n" ] } ], "source": [ "#P198: \n", "\n", "'''\n", "Use gradient ascent to find the maximum value of a single-variable function. \n", "This also checks for the existence of a solution for the equation f'(x)=0.\n", "'''\n", "from sympy import Derivative, Symbol, sympify, solve\n", "def grad_ascent(x0, f1x, x):\n", " # check if f1x=0 has a solution \n", " if not solve(f1x):\n", " print('Cannot continue, solution for {0}=0 does not exist'.format(f1x))\n", " return \n", " epsilon = 1e-6\n", " step_size = 1e-4\n", " x_old = x0\n", " x_new = x_old + step_size*f1x.subs({x:x_old}).evalf() \n", " while abs(x_old - x_new) > epsilon:\n", " x_old = x_new\n", " x_new = x_old + step_size*f1x.subs({x:x_old}).evalf()\n", " return x_new\n", "\n", "if __name__ == '__main__':\n", " f = input('Enter a function in one variable: ')\n", " var = input('Enter the variable to differentiate with respect to: ') \n", " var0 = float(input('Enter the initial value of the variable: '))\n", " try:\n", " f = sympify(f) \n", " except SympifyError:\n", " print('Invalid function entered') \n", " else:\n", " var = Symbol(var)\n", " d = Derivative(f, var).doit() \n", " var_max = grad_ascent(var0, d, var) \n", " if var_max:\n", " print('{0}: {1}'.format(var.name, var_max)) \n", " print('Maximum value: {0}'.format(f.subs({var:var_max})))" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 26, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "k*x**2/2" ] }, "execution_count": 26, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P200: Basic example of finding the indefinite Integral\n", ">>> from sympy import Integral, Symbol \n", ">>> x = Symbol('x')\n", ">>> k = Symbol('k')\n", ">>> Integral(k*x, x).doit()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 28, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "2*k" ] }, "execution_count": 28, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P200: Basic example of finding the definite integral\n", ">>> from sympy import Integral, Symbol \n", ">>> x = Symbol('x')\n", ">>> k = Symbol('k')\n", ">>> Integral(k*x, (x, 0, 2)).doit()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 29, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "0.135905121983278" ] }, "execution_count": 29, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P203: Probability of the grade falling between 11 and 12\n", ">>> from sympy import Symbol, exp, sqrt, pi, Integral\n", ">>> x = Symbol('x')\n", ">>> p = exp(-(x - 10)**2/2)/sqrt(2*pi)\n", ">>> Integral(p, (x, 11, 12)).doit().evalf()" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 32, "metadata": { "collapsed": false }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "1.00000000000000" ] }, "execution_count": 32, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#P204: The probability density function is such that the integral between -infinity and infinity is 1\n", ">>> from sympy import Symbol, exp, sqrt, pi, Integral, S\n", ">>> x = Symbol('x')\n", ">>> p = exp(-(x - 10)**2/2)/sqrt(2*pi)\n", ">>> Integral(p, (x, S.NegativeInfinity, S.Infinity)).doit().evalf()" ] } ], "metadata": { "kernelspec": { "display_name": "Python 3", "language": "python", "name": "python3" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 3 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "version": "3.4.3" } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 0 }