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azure-sql/database/maintenance-window.md

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ms.author: wiassaf
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ms.reviewer: mathoma
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ms.custom: references_regions
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ms.date: 10/05/2021
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ms.date: 10/15/2021
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---
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# Maintenance window (Preview)
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### Supported service level objectives
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Choosing a maintenance window other than the default is available on all SLOs **except for**:
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* Hyperscale
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* Instance pools
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* Legacy Gen4 vCore
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* Basic, S0 and S1

azure-sql/virtual-machines/windows/create-sql-vm-powershell.md

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Define the storage account and the type of storage to be used by the virtual machine.
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Modify as you want, and then run the following cmdlet to initialize these variables. We recommend using [premium SSDs](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssd) for production workloads.
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Modify as you want, and then run the following cmdlet to initialize these variables. We recommend using [premium SSDs](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssds) for production workloads.
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```powershell
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$StorageName = $ResourceGroupName + "storage"

azure-sql/virtual-machines/windows/performance-guidelines-best-practices-checklist.md

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- Monitor the application and [determine storage bandwidth and latency requirements](../../../virtual-machines/premium-storage-performance.md#counters-to-measure-application-performance-requirements) for SQL Server data, log, and tempdb files before choosing the disk type.
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- To optimize storage performance, plan for highest uncached IOPS available and use data caching as a performance feature for data reads while avoiding [virtual machine and disks capping/throttling](../../../virtual-machines/premium-storage-performance.md#throttling).
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- Place data, log, and tempdb files on separate drives.
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- For the data drive, only use [premium P30 and P40 disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssd) to ensure the availability of cache support
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- For the log drive plan for capacity and test performance versus cost while evaluating the [premium P30 - P80 disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssd).
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- If submillisecond storage latency is required, use [Azure ultra disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#ultra-disk) for the transaction log.
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- For the data drive, only use [premium P30 and P40 disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssds) to ensure the availability of cache support
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- For the log drive plan for capacity and test performance versus cost while evaluating the [premium P30 - P80 disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssds).
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- If submillisecond storage latency is required, use [Azure ultra disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#ultra-disks) for the transaction log.
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- For M-series virtual machine deployments consider [Write Accelerator](../../../virtual-machines/how-to-enable-write-accelerator.md) over using Azure ultra disks.
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- Place [tempdb](/sql/relational-databases/databases/tempdb-database) on the local ephemeral SSD (default `D:\`) drive for most SQL Server workloads after choosing the optimal VM size.
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- If the capacity of the local drive is not enough for tempdb, consider sizing up the VM. See [Data file caching policies](performance-guidelines-best-practices-storage.md#data-file-caching-policies) for more information.

azure-sql/virtual-machines/windows/performance-guidelines-best-practices-storage.md

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- Monitor the application and [determine storage bandwidth and latency requirements](../../../virtual-machines/premium-storage-performance.md#counters-to-measure-application-performance-requirements) for SQL Server data, log, and tempdb files before choosing the disk type.
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- To optimize storage performance, plan for highest uncached IOPS available and use data caching as a performance feature for data reads while avoiding [virtual machine and disks capping](../../../virtual-machines/premium-storage-performance.md#throttling).
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- Place data, log, and tempdb files on separate drives.
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- For the data drive, only use [premium P30 and P40 disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssd) to ensure the availability of cache support
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- For the log drive plan for capacity and test performance versus cost while evaluating the [premium P30 - P80 disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssd)
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- If submillisecond storage latency is required, use [Azure ultra disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#ultra-disk) for the transaction log.
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- For the data drive, only use [premium P30 and P40 disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssds) to ensure the availability of cache support
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- For the log drive plan for capacity and test performance versus cost while evaluating the [premium P30 - P80 disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssds)
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- If submillisecond storage latency is required, use [Azure ultra disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#ultra-disks) for the transaction log.
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- For M-series virtual machine deployments consider [write accelerator](../../../virtual-machines/how-to-enable-write-accelerator.md) over using Azure ultra disks.
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- Place [tempdb](/sql/relational-databases/databases/tempdb-database) on the local ephemeral SSD `D:\` drive for most SQL Server workloads after choosing the optimal VM size.
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- If the capacity of the local drive is not enough for tempdb, consider sizing up the VM. See [Data file caching policies](#data-file-caching-policies) for more information.
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You have a choice in the performance level for your disks. The types of managed disks available as underlying storage (listed by increasing performance capabilities) are standard hard disk drives (HDD), standard SSDs, premium solid-state drives (SSD), and ultra disks.
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The performance of the disk increases with the capacity, grouped by [premium disk labels](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssd) such as the P1 with 4 GiB of space and 120 IOPS to the P80 with 32 TiB of storage and 20,000 IOPS. Premium storage supports a storage cache that helps improve read and write performance for some workloads. For more information, see [Managed disks overview](../../../virtual-machines/managed-disks-overview.md).
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The performance of the disk increases with the capacity, grouped by [premium disk labels](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssds) such as the P1 with 4 GiB of space and 120 IOPS to the P80 with 32 TiB of storage and 20,000 IOPS. Premium storage supports a storage cache that helps improve read and write performance for some workloads. For more information, see [Managed disks overview](../../../virtual-machines/managed-disks-overview.md).
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There are also three main [disk types](../../../virtual-machines/managed-disks-overview.md#disk-roles) to consider for your SQL Server on Azure VM - an OS disk, a temporary disk, and your data disks. Carefully choose what is stored on the operating system drive `(C:\)` and the ephemeral temporary drive `(D:\)`.
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Use Storage Spaces to achieve optimal performance, configure two pools, one for the log file(s) and the other for the data files. If you are not using disk striping, use two premium SSD disks mapped to separate drives, where one drive contains the log file and the other contains the data.
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The [provisioned IOPS and throughput](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssd) per disk that is used as part of your storage pool. The combined IOPS and throughput capabilities of the disks is the maximum capability up to the throughput limits of the virtual machine.
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The [provisioned IOPS and throughput](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssds) per disk that is used as part of your storage pool. The combined IOPS and throughput capabilities of the disks is the maximum capability up to the throughput limits of the virtual machine.
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The best practice is to use the least number of disks possible while meeting the minimal requirements for IOPS (and throughput) and capacity. However, the balance of price and performance tends to be better with a large number of small disks rather than a small number of large disks.
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## Azure ultra disk
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If there is a need for submillisecond response times with reduced latency consider using [Azure ultra disk](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#ultra-disk) for the SQL Server log drive, or even the data drive for applications that are extremely sensitive to I/O latency.
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If there is a need for submillisecond response times with reduced latency consider using [Azure ultra disk](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#ultra-disks) for the SQL Server log drive, or even the data drive for applications that are extremely sensitive to I/O latency.
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Ultra disk can be configured where capacity and IOPS can scale independently. With ultra disk administrators can provision a disk with the capacity, IOPS, and throughput requirements based on application needs.
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Ultra disk is not supported on all VM series and has other limitations such as region availability, redundancy, and support for Azure Backup. To learn more, see [Using Azure ultra disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-enable-ultra-ssd.md) for a full list of limitations.
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Ultra disk is not supported on all VM series and has other limitations such as region availability, redundancy, and support for Azure Backup. To learn more, see [Using Azure ultra disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-enable-ultra-ssd.md) for a full list of limitations.
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## Standard HDDs and SSDs
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[Standard HDDs](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#standard-hdd) and SSDs have varying latencies and bandwidth and are only recommended for dev/test workloads. Production workloads should use premium SSDs. If you are using Standard SSD (dev/test scenarios), the recommendation is to add the maximum number of data disks supported by your [VM size](../../../virtual-machines/sizes.md?toc=/azure/virtual-machines/windows/toc.json) and use disk striping with Storage Spaces for the best performance.
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[Standard HDDs](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#standard-hdds) and SSDs have varying latencies and bandwidth and are only recommended for dev/test workloads. Production workloads should use premium SSDs. If you are using Standard SSD (dev/test scenarios), the recommendation is to add the maximum number of data disks supported by your [VM size](../../../virtual-machines/sizes.md?toc=/azure/virtual-machines/windows/toc.json) and use disk striping with Storage Spaces for the best performance.
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## Caching
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azure-sql/virtual-machines/windows/storage-configuration.md

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The disk configuration is completely customizable so that you can configure the storage topology, disk type and IOPs you need for your SQL Server VM workload. You also have the ability to use UltraSSD (preview) as an option for the **Disk type** if your SQL Server VM is in one of the supported regions (East US 2, SouthEast Asia and North Europe) and you've enabled [ultra disks for your subscription](../../../virtual-machines/disks-enable-ultra-ssd.md).
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Additionally, you have the ability to set the caching for the disks. Azure VMs have a multi-tier caching technology called [Blob Cache](../../../virtual-machines/premium-storage-performance.md#disk-caching) when used with [Premium Disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssd). Blob Cache uses a combination of the Virtual Machine RAM and local SSD for caching.
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Additionally, you have the ability to set the caching for the disks. Azure VMs have a multi-tier caching technology called [Blob Cache](../../../virtual-machines/premium-storage-performance.md#disk-caching) when used with [Premium Disks](../../../virtual-machines/disks-types.md#premium-ssds). Blob Cache uses a combination of the Virtual Machine RAM and local SSD for caching.
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Disk caching for Premium SSD can be *ReadOnly*, *ReadWrite* or *None*.
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