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ReplaceSpaces.cpp
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176 lines (142 loc) · 3.56 KB
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/*******************************************************************
Copyright(c) 2016, Harry He
All rights reserved.
Distributed under the BSD license.
(See accompanying file LICENSE.txt at
https://github.com/zhedahht/CodingInterviewChinese2/blob/master/LICENSE.txt)
*******************************************************************/
//==================================================================
// 《剑指Offer——名企面试官精讲典型编程题》代码
// 作者：何海涛
//==================================================================
// 面试题5：替换空格
// 题目：请实现一个函数，把字符串中的每个空格替换成"%20"。例如输入“We are happy.”，
// 则输出“We%20are%20happy.”。
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
/*length 为字符数组str的总容量，大于或等于字符串str的实际长度*/
void ReplaceBlank(char str[], int length)
{
if(str == nullptr && length <= 0)
return;
/*originalLength 为字符串str的实际长度*/
int originalLength = 0;
int numberOfBlank = 0;
int i = 0;
while(str[i] != '\0')
{
++ originalLength;
if(str[i] == ' ')
++ numberOfBlank;
++ i;
}
/*newLength 为把空格替换成'%20'之后的长度*/
int newLength = originalLength + numberOfBlank * 2;
if(newLength > length)
return;
int indexOfOriginal = originalLength;
int indexOfNew = newLength;
while(indexOfOriginal >= 0 && indexOfNew > indexOfOriginal)
{
if(str[indexOfOriginal] == ' ')
{
str[indexOfNew --] = '0';
str[indexOfNew --] = '2';
str[indexOfNew --] = '%';
}
else
{
str[indexOfNew --] = str[indexOfOriginal];
}
-- indexOfOriginal;
}
}
// ====================测试代码====================
void Test(char* testName, char str[], int length, char expected[])
{
if(testName != nullptr)
printf("%s begins: ", testName);
ReplaceBlank(str, length);
if(expected == nullptr && str == nullptr)
printf("passed.\n");
else if(expected == nullptr && str != nullptr)
printf("failed.\n");
else if(strcmp(str, expected) == 0)
printf("passed.\n");
else
printf("failed.\n");
}
// 空格在句子中间
void Test1()
{
const int length = 100;
char str[length] = "hello world";
Test("Test1", str, length, "hello%20world");
}
// 空格在句子开头
void Test2()
{
const int length = 100;
char str[length] = " helloworld";
Test("Test2", str, length, "%20helloworld");
}
// 空格在句子末尾
void Test3()
{
const int length = 100;
char str[length] = "helloworld ";
Test("Test3", str, length, "helloworld%20");
}
// 连续有两个空格
void Test4()
{
const int length = 100;
char str[length] = "hello world";
Test("Test4", str, length, "hello%20%20world");
}
// 传入nullptr
void Test5()
{
Test("Test5", nullptr, 0, nullptr);
}
// 传入内容为空的字符串
void Test6()
{
const int length = 100;
char str[length] = "";
Test("Test6", str, length, "");
}
//传入内容为一个空格的字符串
void Test7()
{
const int length = 100;
char str[length] = " ";
Test("Test7", str, length, "%20");
}
// 传入的字符串没有空格
void Test8()
{
const int length = 100;
char str[length] = "helloworld";
Test("Test8", str, length, "helloworld");
}
// 传入的字符串全是空格
void Test9()
{
const int length = 100;
char str[length] = " ";
Test("Test9", str, length, "%20%20%20");
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
Test1();
Test2();
Test3();
Test4();
Test5();
Test6();
Test7();
Test8();
Test9();
return 0;
}