diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 44c8499187..01570a526a 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ repos:
           - tomli
 
   - repo: https://github.com/commitizen-tools/commitizen
-    rev: v4.13.6 # automatically updated by Commitizen
+    rev: v4.13.7 # automatically updated by Commitizen
     hooks:
       - id: commitizen
       - id: commitizen-branch
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 601ab664b0..db8403be20 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+## v4.13.7 (2026-02-09)
+
+### Fix
+
+- **provider**: use encoding settings in config (#1857)
+
 ## v4.13.6 (2026-02-07)
 
 ### Fix
diff --git a/commitizen/__version__.py b/commitizen/__version__.py
index 800ff94d6d..03dab05ffc 100644
--- a/commitizen/__version__.py
+++ b/commitizen/__version__.py
@@ -1 +1 @@
-__version__ = "4.13.6"
+__version__ = "4.13.7"
diff --git a/commitizen/commands/check.py b/commitizen/commands/check.py
index 182839910d..ab5e671d67 100644
--- a/commitizen/commands/check.py
+++ b/commitizen/commands/check.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 import re
 import sys
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, TypedDict
 
 from commitizen import factory, git, out
@@ -116,11 +117,10 @@ def _get_commit_message(self) -> str | None:
             # Get commit message from command line (--message)
             return self.commit_msg
 
-        with open(
-            self.commit_msg_file, encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"]
-        ) as commit_file:
-            # Get commit message from file (--commit-msg-file)
-            return commit_file.read()
+        # Get commit message from file (--commit-msg-file)
+        return Path(self.commit_msg_file).read_text(
+            encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"]
+        )
 
     def _get_commits(self) -> list[git.GitCommit]:
         if (msg := self._get_commit_message()) is not None:
diff --git a/commitizen/commands/commit.py b/commitizen/commands/commit.py
index e7f337b604..6668c0d65b 100644
--- a/commitizen/commands/commit.py
+++ b/commitizen/commands/commit.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 import shutil
 import subprocess
 import tempfile
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, TypedDict
 
 import questionary
@@ -26,8 +27,6 @@
 from commitizen.git import smart_open
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from pathlib import Path
-
     from commitizen.config import BaseConfig
 
 
@@ -61,8 +60,9 @@ def _read_backup_message(self) -> str | None:
             return None
 
         # Read commit message from backup
-        with self.backup_file_path.open(encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"]) as f:
-            return f.read().strip()
+        return self.backup_file_path.read_text(
+            encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"]
+        ).strip()
 
     def _get_message_by_prompt_commit_questions(self) -> str:
         # Prompt user for the commit message
@@ -112,8 +112,7 @@ def manual_edit(self, message: str) -> str:
         file_path = file.name
         argv = [exec_path, file_path]
         subprocess.call(argv)
-        with open(file_path) as temp_file:
-            message = temp_file.read().strip()
+        message = Path(file_path).read_text().strip()
         os.unlink(file.name)
         return message
 
diff --git a/commitizen/config/__init__.py b/commitizen/config/__init__.py
index 24a9881bc7..08dc7ffd7e 100644
--- a/commitizen/config/__init__.py
+++ b/commitizen/config/__init__.py
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ def _resolve_config_candidates() -> list[BaseConfig]:
 
 
 def _create_config_from_path(path: Path) -> BaseConfig:
-    with path.open("rb") as f:
-        return create_config(data=f.read(), path=path)
+    return create_config(data=path.read_bytes(), path=path)
 
 
 def read_cfg(filepath: str | None = None) -> BaseConfig:
diff --git a/commitizen/config/toml_config.py b/commitizen/config/toml_config.py
index 8324bd03a5..28c05aaa52 100644
--- a/commitizen/config/toml_config.py
+++ b/commitizen/config/toml_config.py
@@ -26,15 +26,13 @@ def __init__(self, *, data: bytes | str, path: Path) -> None:
         self._parse_setting(data)
 
     def contains_commitizen_section(self) -> bool:
-        with self.path.open("rb") as f:
-            config_doc = parse(f.read())
+        config_doc = parse(self.path.read_bytes())
         return config_doc.get("tool", {}).get("commitizen") is not None
 
     def init_empty_config_content(self) -> None:
         config_doc = TOMLDocument()
         if self.path.is_file():
-            with self.path.open("rb") as input_toml_file:
-                config_doc = parse(input_toml_file.read())
+            config_doc = parse(self.path.read_bytes())
 
         if config_doc.get("tool") is None:
             config_doc["tool"] = table()
@@ -46,12 +44,10 @@ def init_empty_config_content(self) -> None:
             )
 
     def set_key(self, key: str, value: object) -> Self:
-        with self.path.open("rb") as f:
-            config_doc = parse(f.read())
+        config_doc = parse(self.path.read_bytes())
 
         config_doc["tool"]["commitizen"][key] = value  # type: ignore[index]
-        with self.path.open("wb") as f:
-            f.write(config_doc.as_string().encode(self._settings["encoding"]))
+        self.path.write_bytes(config_doc.as_string().encode(self._settings["encoding"]))
 
         return self
 
diff --git a/commitizen/cz/conventional_commits/conventional_commits.py b/commitizen/cz/conventional_commits/conventional_commits.py
index 6431edec95..31c329595a 100644
--- a/commitizen/cz/conventional_commits/conventional_commits.py
+++ b/commitizen/cz/conventional_commits/conventional_commits.py
@@ -215,5 +215,4 @@ def schema_pattern(self) -> str:
 
     def info(self) -> str:
         filepath = Path(__file__).parent / "conventional_commits_info.txt"
-        with filepath.open(encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"]) as f:
-            return f.read()
+        return filepath.read_text(encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"])
diff --git a/commitizen/cz/customize/customize.py b/commitizen/cz/customize/customize.py
index 0bc31db30a..8fcc63fac3 100644
--- a/commitizen/cz/customize/customize.py
+++ b/commitizen/cz/customize/customize.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -68,6 +69,5 @@ def schema(self) -> str:
 
     def info(self) -> str:
         if info_path := self.custom_settings.get("info_path"):
-            with open(info_path, encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"]) as f:
-                return f.read()
+            return Path(info_path).read_text(encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"])
         return self.custom_settings.get("info") or ""
diff --git a/commitizen/cz/jira/jira.py b/commitizen/cz/jira/jira.py
index 78504fbb82..07189d15d3 100644
--- a/commitizen/cz/jira/jira.py
+++ b/commitizen/cz/jira/jira.py
@@ -74,5 +74,4 @@ def schema_pattern(self) -> str:
 
     def info(self) -> str:
         filepath = Path(__file__).parent / "jira_info.txt"
-        with filepath.open(encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"]) as f:
-            return f.read()
+        return filepath.read_text(encoding=self.config.settings["encoding"])
diff --git a/commitizen/providers/base_provider.py b/commitizen/providers/base_provider.py
index 84b745e326..b77d86394c 100644
--- a/commitizen/providers/base_provider.py
+++ b/commitizen/providers/base_provider.py
@@ -49,6 +49,9 @@ class FileProvider(VersionProvider):
     def file(self) -> Path:
         return Path() / self.filename
 
+    def _get_encoding(self) -> str:
+        return self.config.settings["encoding"]
+
 
 class JsonProvider(FileProvider):
     """
@@ -58,13 +61,16 @@ class JsonProvider(FileProvider):
     indent: ClassVar[int] = 2
 
     def get_version(self) -> str:
-        document = json.loads(self.file.read_text())
+        document = json.loads(self.file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding()))
         return self.get(document)
 
     def set_version(self, version: str) -> None:
-        document = json.loads(self.file.read_text())
+        document = json.loads(self.file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding()))
         self.set(document, version)
-        self.file.write_text(json.dumps(document, indent=self.indent) + "\n")
+        self.file.write_text(
+            json.dumps(document, indent=self.indent) + "\n",
+            encoding=self._get_encoding(),
+        )
 
     def get(self, document: Mapping[str, str]) -> str:
         return document["version"]
@@ -79,13 +85,13 @@ class TomlProvider(FileProvider):
     """
 
     def get_version(self) -> str:
-        document = tomlkit.parse(self.file.read_text())
+        document = tomlkit.parse(self.file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding()))
         return self.get(document)
 
     def set_version(self, version: str) -> None:
-        document = tomlkit.parse(self.file.read_text())
+        document = tomlkit.parse(self.file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding()))
         self.set(document, version)
-        self.file.write_text(tomlkit.dumps(document))
+        self.file.write_text(tomlkit.dumps(document), encoding=self._get_encoding())
 
     def get(self, document: tomlkit.TOMLDocument) -> str:
         return document["project"]["version"]  # type: ignore[index,return-value]
diff --git a/commitizen/providers/cargo_provider.py b/commitizen/providers/cargo_provider.py
index e7b127c4bd..235d4a110c 100644
--- a/commitizen/providers/cargo_provider.py
+++ b/commitizen/providers/cargo_provider.py
@@ -43,8 +43,10 @@ def set_version(self, version: str) -> None:
             self.set_lock_version(version)
 
     def set_lock_version(self, version: str) -> None:
-        cargo_toml_content = parse(self.file.read_text())
-        cargo_lock_content = parse(self.lock_file.read_text())
+        cargo_toml_content = parse(self.file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding()))
+        cargo_lock_content = parse(
+            self.lock_file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding())
+        )
         packages = cargo_lock_content["package"]
 
         if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -75,7 +77,9 @@ def set_lock_version(self, version: str) -> None:
                         continue
 
                     cargo_file = Path(path) / "Cargo.toml"
-                    package_content = parse(cargo_file.read_text()).get("package", {})
+                    package_content = parse(
+                        cargo_file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding())
+                    ).get("package", {})
                     if TYPE_CHECKING:
                         assert isinstance(package_content, dict)
                     try:
@@ -92,7 +96,9 @@ def set_lock_version(self, version: str) -> None:
                 if package["name"] in members_inheriting:
                     cargo_lock_content["package"][i]["version"] = version  # type: ignore[index]
 
-        self.lock_file.write_text(dumps(cargo_lock_content))
+        self.lock_file.write_text(
+            dumps(cargo_lock_content), encoding=self._get_encoding()
+        )
 
 
 def _try_get_workspace(document: TOMLDocument) -> dict:
diff --git a/commitizen/providers/npm_provider.py b/commitizen/providers/npm_provider.py
index 597fce4b6e..6794f6a714 100644
--- a/commitizen/providers/npm_provider.py
+++ b/commitizen/providers/npm_provider.py
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, ClassVar
 
-from commitizen.providers.base_provider import VersionProvider
+from commitizen.providers.base_provider import JsonProvider
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import Mapping
 
 
-class NpmProvider(VersionProvider):
+class NpmProvider(JsonProvider):
     """
     npm package.json and package-lock.json version management
     """
@@ -36,29 +36,39 @@ def get_version(self) -> str:
         """
         Get the current version from package.json
         """
-        package_document = json.loads(self.package_file.read_text())
+        package_document = json.loads(
+            self.package_file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding())
+        )
         return self.get_package_version(package_document)
 
     def set_version(self, version: str) -> None:
         package_document = self.set_package_version(
-            json.loads(self.package_file.read_text()), version
+            json.loads(self.package_file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding())),
+            version,
         )
         self.package_file.write_text(
-            json.dumps(package_document, indent=self.indent) + "\n"
+            json.dumps(package_document, indent=self.indent) + "\n",
+            encoding=self._get_encoding(),
         )
         if self.lock_file.is_file():
             lock_document = self.set_lock_version(
-                json.loads(self.lock_file.read_text()), version
+                json.loads(self.lock_file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding())),
+                version,
             )
             self.lock_file.write_text(
-                json.dumps(lock_document, indent=self.indent) + "\n"
+                json.dumps(lock_document, indent=self.indent) + "\n",
+                encoding=self._get_encoding(),
             )
         if self.shrinkwrap_file.is_file():
             shrinkwrap_document = self.set_shrinkwrap_version(
-                json.loads(self.shrinkwrap_file.read_text()), version
+                json.loads(
+                    self.shrinkwrap_file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding())
+                ),
+                version,
             )
             self.shrinkwrap_file.write_text(
-                json.dumps(shrinkwrap_document, indent=self.indent) + "\n"
+                json.dumps(shrinkwrap_document, indent=self.indent) + "\n",
+                encoding=self._get_encoding(),
             )
 
     def get_package_version(self, document: Mapping[str, str]) -> str:
diff --git a/commitizen/providers/uv_provider.py b/commitizen/providers/uv_provider.py
index 4f49a29528..0eb19e51a6 100644
--- a/commitizen/providers/uv_provider.py
+++ b/commitizen/providers/uv_provider.py
@@ -26,15 +26,21 @@ def set_version(self, version: str) -> None:
         self.set_lock_version(version)
 
     def set_lock_version(self, version: str) -> None:
-        pyproject_toml_content = tomlkit.parse(self.file.read_text())
+        pyproject_toml_content = tomlkit.parse(
+            self.file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding())
+        )
         project_name = pyproject_toml_content["project"]["name"]  # type: ignore[index]
         normalized_project_name = canonicalize_name(str(project_name))
 
-        document = tomlkit.parse(self.lock_file.read_text())
+        document = tomlkit.parse(
+            self.lock_file.read_text(encoding=self._get_encoding())
+        )
 
         packages: tomlkit.items.AoT = document["package"]  # type: ignore[assignment]
         for i, package in enumerate(packages):
             if package["name"] == normalized_project_name:
                 document["package"][i]["version"] = version  # type: ignore[index]
                 break
-        self.lock_file.write_text(tomlkit.dumps(document))
+        self.lock_file.write_text(
+            tomlkit.dumps(document), encoding=self._get_encoding()
+        )
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 1d1851deb1..d0d96e9dbf 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [project]
 name = "commitizen"
-version = "4.13.6"
+version = "4.13.7"
 description = "Python commitizen client tool"
 authors = [{ name = "Santiago Fraire", email = "santiwilly@gmail.com" }]
 maintainers = [
@@ -237,8 +237,9 @@ select = [
 ]
 ignore = ["E501", "D1", "D415"]
 extend-safe-fixes = [
-    "TC", # Move imports inside/outside TYPE_CHECKING blocks
-    "UP", # Update syntaxes for current Python version recommendations
+    "TC",    # Move imports inside/outside TYPE_CHECKING blocks
+    "UP",    # Update syntaxes for current Python version recommendations
+    "PT006", # Use tuple in pytest.mark.parametrize
 ]
 
 [tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
diff --git a/tests/commands/test_bump_command.py b/tests/commands/test_bump_command.py
index ef950e7ca7..94b40e94e9 100644
--- a/tests/commands/test_bump_command.py
+++ b/tests/commands/test_bump_command.py
@@ -100,7 +100,8 @@ def test_bump_minor_increment_signed(commit_msg: str, util: UtilFixture):
 def test_bump_minor_increment_annotated_config_file(
     commit_msg: str, util: UtilFixture, pyproject: Path
 ):
-    pyproject.write_text(pyproject.read_text() + "\nannotated_tag = 1")
+    with pyproject.open("a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.write("\nannotated_tag = 1")
     util.create_file_and_commit(commit_msg)
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0") is True
@@ -117,7 +118,8 @@ def test_bump_minor_increment_signed_config_file(
     commit_msg: str, util: UtilFixture, tmp_commitizen_project_with_gpg
 ):
     tmp_commitizen_cfg_file = tmp_commitizen_project_with_gpg.join("pyproject.toml")
-    tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.write(f"{tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.read()}\ngpg_sign = 1")
+    with Path(tmp_commitizen_cfg_file).open("a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.write("\ngpg_sign = 1")
     util.create_file_and_commit(commit_msg)
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0") is True
@@ -362,10 +364,8 @@ def test_bump_when_version_inconsistent_in_version_files(
     tmp_version_file.write("100.999.10000")
     tmp_commitizen_cfg_file = tmp_commitizen_project.join("pyproject.toml")
     tmp_version_file_string = str(tmp_version_file).replace("\\", "/")
-    tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.write(
-        f"{tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.read()}\n"
-        f'version_files = ["{tmp_version_file_string}"]'
-    )
+    with Path(tmp_commitizen_cfg_file).open("a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.write(f'\nversion_files = ["{tmp_version_file_string}"]')
 
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: new file")
 
@@ -407,10 +407,8 @@ def test_bump_files_only(tmp_commitizen_project, util: UtilFixture):
     tmp_version_file.write("0.1.0")
     tmp_commitizen_cfg_file = tmp_commitizen_project.join("pyproject.toml")
     tmp_version_file_string = str(tmp_version_file).replace("\\", "/")
-    tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.write(
-        f"{tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.read()}\n"
-        f'version_files = ["{tmp_version_file_string}"]'
-    )
+    with Path(tmp_commitizen_cfg_file).open("a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.write(f'\nversion_files = ["{tmp_version_file_string}"]')
 
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: new user interface")
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
@@ -422,11 +420,9 @@ def test_bump_files_only(tmp_commitizen_project, util: UtilFixture):
 
     assert git.tag_exist("0.3.0") is False
 
-    with tmp_version_file.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        assert "0.3.0" in f.read()
+    assert "0.3.0" in Path(tmp_version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
-    with tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        assert "0.3.0" in f.read()
+    assert "0.3.0" in Path(tmp_commitizen_cfg_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 def test_bump_local_version(tmp_commitizen_project, util: UtilFixture):
@@ -444,8 +440,7 @@ def test_bump_local_version(tmp_commitizen_project, util: UtilFixture):
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes", "--local-version")
     assert git.tag_exist("4.5.1+0.2.0") is True
 
-    with tmp_version_file.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        assert "4.5.1+0.2.0" in f.read()
+    assert "4.5.1+0.2.0" in Path(tmp_version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("tmp_commitizen_project")
@@ -504,8 +499,7 @@ def test_bump_with_changelog_arg(util: UtilFixture, changelog_path):
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes", "--changelog")
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0") is True
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     assert out.startswith("#")
     assert "0.2.0" in out
 
@@ -519,8 +513,7 @@ def test_bump_with_changelog_config(util: UtilFixture, changelog_path, config_pa
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0") is True
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     assert out.startswith("#")
     assert "0.2.0" in out
 
@@ -557,8 +550,7 @@ def test_bump_with_changelog_to_stdout_arg(
     assert "this should appear in stdout" in out
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0") is True
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     assert out.startswith("#")
     assert "0.2.0" in out
 
@@ -800,8 +792,9 @@ def test_bump_version_with_less_components_in_config(
         tmp_commitizen_project.join("__version__.py"),
         tmp_commitizen_project.join("pyproject.toml"),
     ]:
-        with version_file.open() as f:
-            assert expected_version_after_bump in f.read()
+        assert expected_version_after_bump in Path(version_file).read_text(
+            encoding="utf-8"
+        )
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("commit_msg", ["feat: new file", "feat(user): new file"])
@@ -812,11 +805,11 @@ def test_bump_with_pre_bump_hooks(
     post_bump_hook = "scripts/post_bump_hook.sh"
 
     tmp_commitizen_cfg_file = tmp_commitizen_project.join("pyproject.toml")
-    tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.write(
-        f"{tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.read()}\n"
-        f'pre_bump_hooks = ["{pre_bump_hook}"]\n'
-        f'post_bump_hooks = ["{post_bump_hook}"]\n'
-    )
+    with Path(tmp_commitizen_cfg_file).open("a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.write(
+            f'\npre_bump_hooks = ["{pre_bump_hook}"]\n'
+            f'post_bump_hooks = ["{post_bump_hook}"]\n'
+        )
 
     run_mock = mocker.Mock()
     mocker.patch.object(hooks, "run", run_mock)
@@ -863,11 +856,11 @@ def test_bump_with_hooks_and_increment(
     post_bump_hook = "scripts/post_bump_hook.sh"
 
     tmp_commitizen_cfg_file = tmp_commitizen_project.join("pyproject.toml")
-    tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.write(
-        f"{tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.read()}\n"
-        f'pre_bump_hooks = ["{pre_bump_hook}"]\n'
-        f'post_bump_hooks = ["{post_bump_hook}"]\n'
-    )
+    with Path(tmp_commitizen_cfg_file).open("a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.write(
+            f'\npre_bump_hooks = ["{pre_bump_hook}"]\n'
+            f'post_bump_hooks = ["{post_bump_hook}"]\n'
+        )
 
     run_mock = mocker.Mock()
     mocker.patch.object(hooks, "run", run_mock)
@@ -913,16 +906,14 @@ def test_bump_command_prerelease_scheme_via_cli(
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0-a0") is True
 
     for version_file in [tmp_version_file, tmp_commitizen_cfg_file]:
-        with version_file.open() as f:
-            assert "0.2.0-a0" in f.read()
+        assert "0.2.0-a0" in Path(version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     # PRERELEASE BUMP CREATES VERSION WITHOUT PRERELEASE
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0") is True
 
     for version_file in [tmp_version_file, tmp_commitizen_cfg_file]:
-        with version_file.open() as f:
-            assert "0.2.0" in f.read()
+        assert "0.2.0" in Path(version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 def test_bump_command_prerelease_scheme_via_config(
@@ -938,23 +929,20 @@ def test_bump_command_prerelease_scheme_via_config(
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0-a0") is True
 
     for version_file in [tmp_version_file, tmp_commitizen_cfg_file]:
-        with version_file.open() as f:
-            assert "0.2.0-a0" in f.read()
+        assert "0.2.0-a0" in Path(version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     util.run_cli("bump", "--prerelease", "alpha", "--yes")
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0-a1") is True
 
     for version_file in [tmp_version_file, tmp_commitizen_cfg_file]:
-        with version_file.open() as f:
-            assert "0.2.0-a1" in f.read()
+        assert "0.2.0-a1" in Path(version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     # PRERELEASE BUMP CREATES VERSION WITHOUT PRERELEASE
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
     assert git.tag_exist("0.2.0") is True
 
     for version_file in [tmp_version_file, tmp_commitizen_cfg_file]:
-        with version_file.open() as f:
-            assert "0.2.0" in f.read()
+        assert "0.2.0" in Path(version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 def test_bump_command_prerelease_scheme_check_old_tags(
@@ -970,23 +958,20 @@ def test_bump_command_prerelease_scheme_check_old_tags(
     assert git.tag_exist("v0.2.0-a0") is True
 
     for version_file in [tmp_version_file, tmp_commitizen_cfg_file]:
-        with version_file.open() as f:
-            assert "0.2.0-a0" in f.read()
+        assert "0.2.0-a0" in Path(version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     util.run_cli("bump", "--prerelease", "alpha")
     assert git.tag_exist("v0.2.0-a1") is True
 
     for version_file in [tmp_version_file, tmp_commitizen_cfg_file]:
-        with version_file.open() as f:
-            assert "0.2.0-a1" in f.read()
+        assert "0.2.0-a1" in Path(version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     # PRERELEASE BUMP CREATES VERSION WITHOUT PRERELEASE
     util.run_cli("bump")
     assert git.tag_exist("v0.2.0") is True
 
     for version_file in [tmp_version_file, tmp_commitizen_cfg_file]:
-        with version_file.open() as f:
-            assert "0.2.0" in f.read()
+        assert "0.2.0" in Path(version_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("tmp_commitizen_project")
@@ -1458,8 +1443,7 @@ def test_changelog_config_flag_merge_prerelease(
 
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog")
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -1488,12 +1472,21 @@ def test_changelog_config_flag_merge_prerelease_only_prerelease_present(
 
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog")
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
 
+@pytest.mark.usefixtures("tmp_commitizen_project")
+def test_bump_deprecate_files_only(util: UtilFixture):
+    util.create_file_and_commit("feat: new file")
+    with (
+        pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match=r".*--files-only.*deprecated"),
+        pytest.raises(ExpectedExit),
+    ):
+        util.run_cli("bump", "--yes", "--files-only")
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("prerelease", "merge"),
     [
@@ -1544,7 +1537,6 @@ def test_changelog_merge_preserves_header(
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: new feature right before the bump")
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog")
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
diff --git a/tests/commands/test_changelog_command.py b/tests/commands/test_changelog_command.py
index d220aaed40..6fe2289b08 100644
--- a/tests/commands/test_changelog_command.py
+++ b/tests/commands/test_changelog_command.py
@@ -101,8 +101,7 @@ def test_changelog_from_start(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--file-name", changelog_file, "--template", template)
 
-    with open(changelog_file, encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = Path(changelog_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     file_regression.check(out, extension=changelog_format.ext)
 
 
@@ -136,8 +135,7 @@ def test_changelog_replacing_unreleased_using_incremental(
         template,
     )
 
-    with open(changelog_file, encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = Path(changelog_file).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=changelog_format.ext)
 
@@ -166,8 +164,7 @@ def test_changelog_is_persisted_using_incremental(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--incremental")
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -197,8 +194,7 @@ def test_changelog_incremental_angular_sample(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--incremental")
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -247,8 +243,7 @@ def test_changelog_incremental_keep_a_changelog_sample(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--incremental")
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -419,8 +414,7 @@ def test_changelog_multiple_incremental_do_not_add_new_lines(
         util.create_file_and_commit(commit_message)
         util.run_cli("changelog", "--incremental")
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -437,8 +431,7 @@ def test_changelog_incremental_newline_separates_new_content_from_old(
 
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: add more cat videos")
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--incremental")
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -568,8 +561,7 @@ def test_changelog_config_flag_increment(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog")
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     assert "this should be persisted using increment" in out
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
@@ -602,8 +594,7 @@ def test_changelog_config_flag_merge_prerelease(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog")
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -653,8 +644,7 @@ def test_changelog_incremental_keep_a_changelog_sample_with_annotated_tag(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--incremental")
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -685,8 +675,7 @@ def test_changelog_incremental_with_release_candidate_version(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--incremental")
 
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -715,8 +704,7 @@ def test_changelog_incremental_with_prerelease_version_to_prerelease_version(
 
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog", "--prerelease", to_pre, "--yes")
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -747,8 +735,7 @@ def test_changelog_release_candidate_version_with_merge_prerelease(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--merge-prerelease")
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -782,8 +769,7 @@ def test_changelog_incremental_with_merge_prerelease(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--merge-prerelease", "--incremental")
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -820,8 +806,7 @@ def test_changelog_from_rev_first_version_from_arg(
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "0.2.0")
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -848,8 +833,7 @@ def test_changelog_from_rev_latest_version_from_arg(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "0.3.0")
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -903,8 +887,7 @@ def test_changelog_multiple_matching_tags(
     warning = warnings[0]
     assert "Multiple tags found for version 2.0.0" in str(warning.message)
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     # Ensure only one tag is rendered
     assert out.count("2.0.0") == 1
@@ -926,8 +909,7 @@ def test_changelog_from_rev_range_default_tag_format(
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "0.3.0")
 
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     assert "new file" not in out
 
@@ -953,8 +935,7 @@ def test_changelog_from_rev_version_range_including_first_tag(
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "0.2.0..0.3.0")
-    with changelog_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -983,8 +964,7 @@ def test_changelog_from_rev_version_range_from_arg(
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "0.3.0..0.4.0")
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -1053,8 +1033,7 @@ def test_changelog_from_rev_version_with_big_range_from_arg(
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")  # 0.6.0
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "0.3.0..0.5.0")
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -1137,8 +1116,7 @@ def test_changelog_with_customized_change_type_order(
     util.run_cli("bump", "--yes")
 
     util.run_cli("changelog", "0.3.0..0.4.0")
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
 
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
@@ -1366,8 +1344,7 @@ def test_changelog_only_tag_matching_tag_format_included_prefix(
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog", "--yes")
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: another new file")
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog", "--yes")
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
     assert out.startswith("## custom0.3.0 (2021-06-11)")
     assert "## v0.2.0 (2021-06-11)" not in out
     assert "## 0.2.0  (2021-06-11)" not in out
@@ -1387,13 +1364,10 @@ def test_changelog_only_tag_matching_tag_format_included_prefix_sep(
     util.create_tag("0.2.0")
     util.create_tag("random0.2.0")
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog", "--yes")
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: new version another new file")
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: new version some new file")
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog")
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
     assert out.startswith("## custom-0.3.0")
     assert "## v0.2.0" not in out
     assert "## 0.2.0" not in out
@@ -1419,8 +1393,7 @@ def test_changelog_only_tag_matching_tag_format_included_suffix(
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: another new file")
     # bump to 0.3.0custom
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog", "--yes")
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
     assert out.startswith("## 0.3.0custom (2021-06-11)")
     assert "## v0.2.0 (2021-06-11)" not in out
     assert "## 0.2.0  (2021-06-11)" not in out
@@ -1443,8 +1416,7 @@ def test_changelog_only_tag_matching_tag_format_included_suffix_sep(
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog", "--yes")
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: another new file")
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog", "--yes")
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
     assert out.startswith("## 0.3.0-custom (2021-06-11)")
     assert "## v0.2.0 (2021-06-11)" not in out
     assert "## 0.2.0  (2021-06-11)" not in out
@@ -1475,7 +1447,7 @@ def test_changelog_legacy_tags(
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: another new file")
     util.create_tag("not-0.3.1")
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog", "--yes")
-    out = changelog_path.open().read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
     assert "## v0.3.0" in out
     assert "## older-0.2.0" in out
     assert "## oldest-0.1.0" in out
@@ -1520,7 +1492,7 @@ def test_changelog_incremental_change_tag_format(
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: another new file")
     util.create_tag("v0.3.0")
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--incremental")
-    out = changelog_path.open().read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
     assert "## v0.3.0" in out
     assert "## older-0.2.0" in out
     assert "## older-0.1.0" in out
@@ -1553,8 +1525,7 @@ def test_changelog_ignored_tags(
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat: another new file")
     util.create_tag("not-ignored")
     util.run_cli("bump", "--changelog", "--yes")
-    with changelog_path.open() as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = changelog_path.read_text()
     assert "## ignore-0.1.0" not in out
     assert "## ignored" not in out
     assert "## not-ignored" not in out
@@ -1717,12 +1688,10 @@ def test_changelog_template_incremental_variable(
 
     util.create_file_and_commit("feat(foo): new file")
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--file-name", target)
-    with open(target, encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = Path(target).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".md")
 
     util.create_file_and_commit("refactor(bar): another new file")
     util.run_cli("changelog", "--file-name", target, "--incremental")
-    with open(target, encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        out = f.read()
+    out = Path(target).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     file_regression.check(out, extension=".incremental.md")
diff --git a/tests/commands/test_check_command.py b/tests/commands/test_check_command.py
index 20f0bf87eb..0ea5062ec0 100644
--- a/tests/commands/test_check_command.py
+++ b/tests/commands/test_check_command.py
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ def _build_fake_git_commits(commit_msgs: list[str]) -> list[git.GitCommit]:
 
 
 def test_check_jira_fails(mocker: MockFixture, util: UtilFixture):
-    mocker.patch(
-        "commitizen.commands.check.open",
-        mocker.mock_open(read_data="random message for J-2 #fake_command blah"),
+    mock_path = mocker.patch("commitizen.commands.check.Path")
+    mock_path.return_value.read_text.return_value = (
+        "random message for J-2 #fake_command blah"
     )
     with pytest.raises(InvalidCommitMessageError) as excinfo:
         util.run_cli("-n", "cz_jira", "check", "--commit-msg-file", "some_file")
@@ -90,10 +90,8 @@ def test_check_jira_fails(mocker: MockFixture, util: UtilFixture):
 def test_check_jira_command_after_issue(
     mocker: MockFixture, capsys, util: UtilFixture, commit_msg: str
 ):
-    mocker.patch(
-        "commitizen.commands.check.open",
-        mocker.mock_open(read_data=commit_msg),
-    )
+    mock_path = mocker.patch("commitizen.commands.check.Path")
+    mock_path.return_value.read_text.return_value = commit_msg
     util.run_cli("-n", "cz_jira", "check", "--commit-msg-file", "some_file")
     out, _ = capsys.readouterr()
     assert "Commit validation: successful!" in out
@@ -102,10 +100,8 @@ def test_check_jira_command_after_issue(
 def test_check_conventional_commit_succeeds(
     mocker: MockFixture, capsys, util: UtilFixture
 ):
-    mocker.patch(
-        "commitizen.commands.check.open",
-        mocker.mock_open(read_data="fix(scope): some commit message"),
-    )
+    mock_path = mocker.patch("commitizen.commands.check.Path")
+    mock_path.return_value.read_text.return_value = "fix(scope): some commit message"
     util.run_cli("check", "--commit-msg-file", "some_file")
     out, _ = capsys.readouterr()
     assert "Commit validation: successful!" in out
@@ -287,17 +283,15 @@ def test_check_command_with_pipe_message_and_failed(
 def test_check_command_with_comment_in_message_file(
     mocker: MockFixture, capsys, util: UtilFixture
 ):
-    mocker.patch(
-        "commitizen.commands.check.open",
-        mocker.mock_open(
-            read_data="# <type>: (If applied, this commit will...) <subject>\n"
-            "# |<---- Try to Limit to a Max of 50 char ---->|\n"
-            "ci: add commitizen pre-commit hook\n"
-            "\n"
-            "# Explain why this change is being made\n"
-            "# |<---- Try To Limit Each Line to a Max Of 72 Char ---->|\n"
-            "This pre-commit hook will check our commits automatically."
-        ),
+    mock_path = mocker.patch("commitizen.commands.check.Path")
+    mock_path.return_value.read_text.return_value = (
+        "# <type>: (If applied, this commit will...) <subject>\n"
+        "# |<---- Try to Limit to a Max of 50 char ---->|\n"
+        "ci: add commitizen pre-commit hook\n"
+        "\n"
+        "# Explain why this change is being made\n"
+        "# |<---- Try To Limit Each Line to a Max Of 72 Char ---->|\n"
+        "This pre-commit hook will check our commits automatically."
     )
     util.run_cli("check", "--commit-msg-file", "some_file")
     out, _ = capsys.readouterr()
@@ -307,29 +301,25 @@ def test_check_command_with_comment_in_message_file(
 def test_check_conventional_commit_succeed_with_git_diff(
     mocker, capsys, util: UtilFixture
 ):
-    mocker.patch(
-        "commitizen.commands.check.open",
-        mocker.mock_open(
-            read_data=(
-                "feat: This is a test commit\n"
-                "# Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
-                "# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
-                "#\n"
-                "# On branch ...\n"
-                "# Changes to be committed:\n"
-                "#	modified:  ...\n"
-                "#\n"
-                "# ------------------------ >8 ------------------------\n"
-                "# Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
-                "# Everything below it will be ignored.\n"
-                "diff --git a/... b/...\n"
-                "index f1234c..1c5678 1234\n"
-                "--- a/...\n"
-                "+++ b/...\n"
-                "@@ -92,3 +92,4 @@ class Command(BaseCommand):\n"
-                '+            "this is a test"\n'
-            )
-        ),
+    mock_path = mocker.patch("commitizen.commands.check.Path")
+    mock_path.return_value.read_text.return_value = (
+        "feat: This is a test commit\n"
+        "# Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+        "# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+        "#\n"
+        "# On branch ...\n"
+        "# Changes to be committed:\n"
+        "#	modified:  ...\n"
+        "#\n"
+        "# ------------------------ >8 ------------------------\n"
+        "# Do not modify or remove the line above.\n"
+        "# Everything below it will be ignored.\n"
+        "diff --git a/... b/...\n"
+        "index f1234c..1c5678 1234\n"
+        "--- a/...\n"
+        "+++ b/...\n"
+        "@@ -92,3 +92,4 @@ class Command(BaseCommand):\n"
+        '+            "this is a test"\n'
     )
     util.run_cli("check", "--commit-msg-file", "some_file")
     out, _ = capsys.readouterr()
@@ -429,9 +419,9 @@ def use_cz_custom_validator(mocker):
 def test_check_command_with_custom_validator_succeed(
     mocker: MockFixture, capsys, util: UtilFixture
 ):
-    mocker.patch(
-        "commitizen.commands.check.open",
-        mocker.mock_open(read_data="ABC-123: add commitizen pre-commit hook"),
+    mock_path = mocker.patch("commitizen.commands.check.Path")
+    mock_path.return_value.read_text.return_value = (
+        "ABC-123: add commitizen pre-commit hook"
     )
     util.run_cli(
         "--name", "cz_custom_validator", "check", "--commit-msg-file", "some_file"
@@ -444,11 +434,9 @@ def test_check_command_with_custom_validator_succeed(
 def test_check_command_with_custom_validator_failed(
     mocker: MockFixture, util: UtilFixture
 ):
-    mocker.patch(
-        "commitizen.commands.check.open",
-        mocker.mock_open(
-            read_data="123-ABC issue id has wrong format and misses colon"
-        ),
+    mock_path = mocker.patch("commitizen.commands.check.Path")
+    mock_path.return_value.read_text.return_value = (
+        "123-ABC issue id has wrong format and misses colon"
     )
     with pytest.raises(InvalidCommitMessageError) as excinfo:
         util.run_cli(
diff --git a/tests/commands/test_commit_command.py b/tests/commands/test_commit_command.py
index 5ee3545b3b..7e6c04d538 100644
--- a/tests/commands/test_commit_command.py
+++ b/tests/commands/test_commit_command.py
@@ -49,9 +49,12 @@ def staging_is_clean(mocker: MockFixture, tmp_git_project):
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def backup_file(tmp_git_project):
-    with get_backup_file_path().open("w") as backup_file:
-        backup_file.write("backup commit")
+def backup_file(tmp_git_project, monkeypatch):
+    """Write backup message so Commit finds it when run from tmp_git_project."""
+    with tmp_git_project.as_cwd():
+        path = get_backup_file_path()
+        path.write_text("backup commit", encoding="utf-8")
+    monkeypatch.chdir(tmp_git_project)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("staging_is_clean", "commit_mock", "prompt_mock_feat")
diff --git a/tests/commands/test_init_command.py b/tests/commands/test_init_command.py
index 8675f7f9f3..7d1f2f2bed 100644
--- a/tests/commands/test_init_command.py
+++ b/tests/commands/test_init_command.py
@@ -79,8 +79,7 @@ def test_init_without_setup_pre_commit_hook(
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         commands.Init(config)()
 
-        with open("pyproject.toml", encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            config_data = toml_file.read()
+        config_data = Path("pyproject.toml").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
         assert config_data == expected_config
 
         assert not Path(pre_commit_config_filename).exists()
@@ -156,22 +155,22 @@ def check_cz_config(config_filepath: str):
     """
     Check the content of commitizen config is as expected
     """
-    with open(config_filepath) as file:
-        if "json" in config_filepath:
-            assert json.load(file) == EXPECTED_DICT_CONFIG
-        elif "yaml" in config_filepath:
-            assert yaml.load(file, Loader=yaml.FullLoader) == EXPECTED_DICT_CONFIG
-        else:
-            config_data = file.read()
-            assert config_data == expected_config
+    content = Path(config_filepath).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    if "json" in config_filepath:
+        assert json.loads(content) == EXPECTED_DICT_CONFIG
+    elif "yaml" in config_filepath:
+        assert yaml.load(content, Loader=yaml.FullLoader) == EXPECTED_DICT_CONFIG
+    else:
+        assert content == expected_config
 
 
 def check_pre_commit_config(expected: list[dict[str, Any]]):
     """
     Check the content of pre-commit config is as expected
     """
-    with open(pre_commit_config_filename) as pre_commit_file:
-        pre_commit_config_data = yaml.safe_load(pre_commit_file.read())
+    pre_commit_config_data = yaml.safe_load(
+        Path(pre_commit_config_filename).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    )
     assert pre_commit_config_data == {"repos": expected}
 
 
@@ -295,8 +294,9 @@ def test_init_with_confirmed_tag_format(
 
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         commands.Init(config)()
-        with open("pyproject.toml", encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            assert 'tag_format = "v$version"' in toml_file.read()
+        assert 'tag_format = "v$version"' in Path("pyproject.toml").read_text(
+            encoding="utf-8"
+        )
 
 
 def test_init_with_no_existing_tags(config: BaseConfig, mocker: MockFixture, tmpdir):
@@ -317,8 +317,7 @@ def test_init_with_no_existing_tags(config: BaseConfig, mocker: MockFixture, tmp
 
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         commands.Init(config)()
-        with open("pyproject.toml", encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            assert 'version = "0.0.1"' in toml_file.read()
+        assert 'version = "0.0.1"' in Path("pyproject.toml").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 def test_init_with_no_existing_latest_tag(
@@ -340,8 +339,7 @@ def test_init_with_no_existing_latest_tag(
 
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         commands.Init(config)()
-        with open("pyproject.toml", encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            assert 'version = "0.0.1"' in toml_file.read()
+        assert 'version = "0.0.1"' in Path("pyproject.toml").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 def test_init_with_existing_tags(config: BaseConfig, mocker: MockFixture, tmpdir):
@@ -364,8 +362,7 @@ def test_init_with_existing_tags(config: BaseConfig, mocker: MockFixture, tmpdir
 
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         commands.Init(config)()
-        with open("pyproject.toml", encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            assert 'version = "1.0.0"' in toml_file.read()
+        assert 'version = "1.0.0"' in Path("pyproject.toml").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 def test_init_with_valid_tag_selection(config: BaseConfig, mocker: MockFixture, tmpdir):
@@ -393,10 +390,9 @@ def test_init_with_valid_tag_selection(config: BaseConfig, mocker: MockFixture,
 
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         commands.Init(config)()
-        with open("pyproject.toml", encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            content = toml_file.read()
-            assert 'version = "0.9.0"' in content
-            assert 'version_scheme = "semver"' in content
+        content = Path("pyproject.toml").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+        assert 'version = "0.9.0"' in content
+        assert 'version_scheme = "semver"' in content
 
 
 def test_init_configuration_settings(tmpdir, mocker: MockFixture, config: BaseConfig):
@@ -417,8 +413,7 @@ def test_init_configuration_settings(tmpdir, mocker: MockFixture, config: BaseCo
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         commands.Init(config)()
 
-        with open("pyproject.toml", encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            config_data = toml_file.read()
+        config_data = Path("pyproject.toml").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
         # Verify all expected settings are present
         assert 'name = "cz_conventional_commits"' in config_data
@@ -449,8 +444,7 @@ def test_init_configuration_with_version_provider(
     with tmpdir.as_cwd():
         commands.Init(config)()
 
-        with open("pyproject.toml", encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            config_data = toml_file.read()
+        config_data = Path("pyproject.toml").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
         # Verify version provider is set instead of version
         assert 'name = "cz_conventional_commits"' in config_data
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index 20daa13e1e..5c13423169 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -113,10 +113,8 @@ def _initial(
             tmp_version_file.write(version)
             tmp_commitizen_cfg_file = tmp_git_project.join("pyproject.toml")
             tmp_version_file_string = str(tmp_version_file).replace("\\", "/")
-            tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.write(
-                f"{tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.read()}\n"
-                f'version_files = ["{tmp_version_file_string}"]\n'
-            )
+            with open(tmp_commitizen_cfg_file, "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                f.write(f'\nversion_files = ["{tmp_version_file_string}"]\n')
             if config_extra:
                 tmp_commitizen_cfg_file.write(config_extra, mode="a")
             util.create_file_and_commit(initial_commit)
@@ -309,7 +307,8 @@ def changelog_format(
     if "tmp_commitizen_project" in request.fixturenames:
         tmp_commitizen_project = request.getfixturevalue("tmp_commitizen_project")
         pyproject = tmp_commitizen_project / "pyproject.toml"
-        pyproject.write(f'{pyproject.read()}\nchangelog_format = "{format}"\n')
+        with pyproject.open("a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f.write(f'\nchangelog_format = "{format}"\n')
     return get_changelog_format(config)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/data/encoding_test_composer.json b/tests/data/encoding_test_composer.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2cbf2e70cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data/encoding_test_composer.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "name": "encoding-test-composer",
+  "description": "Тест описания для проверки кодировки",
+  "version": "0.1.0"
+}
+
diff --git a/tests/data/encoding_test_pyproject.toml b/tests/data/encoding_test_pyproject.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6e47e88ecd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/data/encoding_test_pyproject.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+[project]
+name = "pythonproject-test"
+version = "0.4.1"
+description = "Add your description here"
+readme = "README.md"
+requires-python = ">=3.12"
+dependencies = []
+
+
+[tool.commitizen]
+name = "cz_customize"
+tag_format = "v$version"
+version_scheme = "pep440"
+version_provider = "uv"
+update_changelog_on_bump = true
+changelog_start_rev = "v1.1.0"
+
+[tool.commitizen.customize]
+message_template = "{{ change_type }}{% if scope != 'none' %}({{ scope }}){% endif %}: {{ message }}"
+commit_parser = '^(?P<change_type>feat|fix|refactor|test|perf|misc):\s(?P<message>.*)'
+schema_pattern = '(feat|fix|refactor|test|perf|misc)(\((api|core)\))?:\s(.{3,})'
+bump_pattern = "^(feat|fix|refactor|test|perf|misc)"
+change_type_map = { "feat" = "Новое", "fix" = "Исправление" }
+
+[[tool.commitizen.customize.questions]]
+name = "change_type"
+type = "list"
+message = "Выберите тип изменений"
+choices = [
+    { value = "feat", name = "feat: Новая функциональность" },
+    { value = "fix", name = "fix: Исправление" },
+    { value = "refactor", name = "refactor: Рефакторинг" },
+    { value = "test", name = "test: Изменение авто-тестов" },
+    { value = "perf", name = "perf: Оптимизации" },
+    { value = "misc", name = "misc: Другое" },
+]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/providers/test_base_provider.py b/tests/providers/test_base_provider.py
index 782a8ba89e..4129fa8c22 100644
--- a/tests/providers/test_base_provider.py
+++ b/tests/providers/test_base_provider.py
@@ -7,8 +7,13 @@
 from commitizen.exceptions import VersionProviderUnknown
 from commitizen.providers import get_provider
 from commitizen.providers.commitizen_provider import CommitizenProvider
+from commitizen.providers.composer_provider import ComposerProvider
+from commitizen.providers.pep621_provider import Pep621Provider
+from commitizen.providers.uv_provider import UvProvider
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pathlib import Path
+
     from commitizen.config.base_config import BaseConfig
 
 
@@ -22,3 +27,98 @@ def test_raise_for_unknown_provider(config: BaseConfig):
     config.settings["version_provider"] = "unknown"
     with pytest.raises(VersionProviderUnknown):
         get_provider(config)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("encoding", ["utf-8", "latin-1"])
+def test_file_provider_get_encoding(config: BaseConfig, encoding: str):
+    """_get_encoding should return the configured encoding."""
+    config.settings["encoding"] = encoding
+    provider = ComposerProvider(config)
+    assert provider._get_encoding() == encoding
+
+
+def test_json_provider_uses_encoding_with_encoding_fixture(
+    config: BaseConfig,
+    chdir: Path,
+    data_dir: Path,
+):
+    """JsonProvider should correctly read a JSON file with non-ASCII content."""
+    source = data_dir / "encoding_test_composer.json"
+    target = chdir / "composer.json"
+    target.write_text(source.read_text(encoding="utf-8"), encoding="utf-8")
+
+    config.settings["encoding"] = "utf-8"
+    config.settings["version_provider"] = "composer"
+
+    provider = get_provider(config)
+    assert isinstance(provider, ComposerProvider)
+    assert provider.get_version() == "0.1.0"
+
+
+def test_toml_provider_uses_encoding_with_encoding_fixture(
+    config: BaseConfig,
+    chdir: Path,
+    data_dir: Path,
+):
+    """TomlProvider should correctly read a TOML file with non-ASCII content."""
+    source = data_dir / "encoding_test_pyproject.toml"
+    target = chdir / "pyproject.toml"
+    target.write_text(source.read_text(encoding="utf-8"), encoding="utf-8")
+
+    config.settings["encoding"] = "utf-8"
+    config.settings["version_provider"] = "uv"
+
+    provider = get_provider(config)
+    assert isinstance(provider, UvProvider)
+    assert provider.get_version() == "0.4.1"
+
+
+def test_json_provider_handles_various_unicode_characters(
+    config: BaseConfig,
+    chdir: Path,
+):
+    """JsonProvider should handle a wide range of Unicode characters."""
+    config.settings["encoding"] = "utf-8"
+    config.settings["version_provider"] = "composer"
+
+    filename = ComposerProvider.filename
+    file = chdir / filename
+    file.write_text(
+        (
+            "{\n"
+            '  "name": "多言語-имя-árbol",\n'
+            '  "description": "Emoji 😀 – 漢字 – العربية",\n'
+            '  "version": "0.1.0"\n'
+            "}\n"
+        ),
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+
+    provider = get_provider(config)
+    assert isinstance(provider, ComposerProvider)
+    assert provider.get_version() == "0.1.0"
+
+
+def test_toml_provider_handles_various_unicode_characters(
+    config: BaseConfig,
+    chdir: Path,
+):
+    """TomlProvider should handle a wide range of Unicode characters."""
+    config.settings["encoding"] = "utf-8"
+    config.settings["version_provider"] = "pep621"
+
+    filename = Pep621Provider.filename
+    file = chdir / filename
+    file.write_text(
+        (
+            "[project]\n"
+            'name = "多言語-имя-árbol"\n'
+            'description = "Emoji 😀 – 漢字 – العربية"\n'
+            'version = "0.1.0"\n'
+        ),
+        encoding="utf-8",
+    )
+
+    provider = get_provider(config)
+    assert isinstance(provider, Pep621Provider)
+    assert provider.get_version() == "0.1.0"
diff --git a/tests/providers/test_npm_provider.py b/tests/providers/test_npm_provider.py
index 4de171a927..429b46fac9 100644
--- a/tests/providers/test_npm_provider.py
+++ b/tests/providers/test_npm_provider.py
@@ -63,6 +63,28 @@
 }
 """
 
+NPM_PACKAGE_JSON_LATIN1 = """\
+{
+  "name": "calf\u00e9-n\u00famero",
+  "version": "0.1.0"
+}
+"""
+
+NPM_LOCKFILE_JSON_LATIN1 = """\
+{
+  "name": "calf\u00e9-n\u00famero",
+  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 2,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "name": "calf\u00e9-n\u00famero",
+      "version": "0.1.0"
+    }
+  }
+}
+"""
+
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("pkg_shrinkwrap_content", "pkg_shrinkwrap_expected"),
@@ -100,3 +122,37 @@ def test_npm_provider(
         assert pkg_lock.read_text() == dedent(pkg_lock_expected)
     if pkg_shrinkwrap_content:
         assert pkg_shrinkwrap.read_text() == dedent(pkg_shrinkwrap_expected)
+
+
+def test_npm_provider_respects_configured_encoding_for_all_files(
+    config: BaseConfig,
+    chdir: Path,
+):
+    """NpmProvider should use the configured encoding for all files it touches."""
+    config.settings["encoding"] = "latin-1"
+    config.settings["version_provider"] = "npm"
+
+    pkg = chdir / NpmProvider.package_filename
+    pkg_lock = chdir / NpmProvider.lock_filename
+    pkg_shrinkwrap = chdir / NpmProvider.shrinkwrap_filename
+
+    # Write initial contents using latin-1 encoding
+    pkg.write_text(dedent(NPM_PACKAGE_JSON_LATIN1), encoding="latin-1")
+    pkg_lock.write_text(dedent(NPM_LOCKFILE_JSON_LATIN1), encoding="latin-1")
+    pkg_shrinkwrap.write_text(dedent(NPM_LOCKFILE_JSON_LATIN1), encoding="latin-1")
+
+    provider = get_provider(config)
+    assert isinstance(provider, NpmProvider)
+    assert provider.get_version() == "0.1.0"
+
+    provider.set_version("42.1")
+
+    # Verify that the files can be read back using the configured encoding
+    pkg_text = pkg.read_text(encoding="latin-1")
+    pkg_lock_text = pkg_lock.read_text(encoding="latin-1")
+    pkg_shrinkwrap_text = pkg_shrinkwrap.read_text(encoding="latin-1")
+
+    # Version was updated everywhere
+    assert '"version": "42.1"' in pkg_text
+    assert '"version": "42.1"' in pkg_lock_text
+    assert '"version": "42.1"' in pkg_shrinkwrap_text
diff --git a/tests/test_bump_update_version_in_files.py b/tests/test_bump_update_version_in_files.py
index b953937f40..80823a4e1d 100644
--- a/tests/test_bump_update_version_in_files.py
+++ b/tests/test_bump_update_version_in_files.py
@@ -111,8 +111,7 @@ def test_update_version_in_files(version_files, file_regression):
 
     file_contents = ""
     for filepath in version_files:
-        with open(filepath, encoding="utf-8") as f:
-            file_contents += f.read()
+        file_contents += Path(filepath).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     file_regression.check(file_contents, extension=".txt")
 
 
@@ -125,8 +124,9 @@ def test_partial_update_of_file(version_repeated_file, file_regression):
     bump.update_version_in_files(
         old_version, new_version, [location], check_consistency=False, encoding="utf-8"
     )
-    with version_repeated_file.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        file_regression.check(f.read(), extension=".json")
+    file_regression.check(
+        version_repeated_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8"), extension=".json"
+    )
 
 
 def test_random_location(random_location_version_file, file_regression):
@@ -137,8 +137,9 @@ def test_random_location(random_location_version_file, file_regression):
     bump.update_version_in_files(
         old_version, new_version, [location], check_consistency=False, encoding="utf-8"
     )
-    with random_location_version_file.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        file_regression.check(f.read(), extension=".lock")
+    file_regression.check(
+        random_location_version_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8"), extension=".lock"
+    )
 
 
 def test_duplicates_are_change_with_no_regex(
@@ -151,8 +152,9 @@ def test_duplicates_are_change_with_no_regex(
     bump.update_version_in_files(
         old_version, new_version, [location], check_consistency=False, encoding="utf-8"
     )
-    with random_location_version_file.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        file_regression.check(f.read(), extension=".lock")
+    file_regression.check(
+        random_location_version_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8"), extension=".lock"
+    )
 
 
 def test_version_bump_increase_string_length(
@@ -165,8 +167,10 @@ def test_version_bump_increase_string_length(
     bump.update_version_in_files(
         old_version, new_version, [location], check_consistency=False, encoding="utf-8"
     )
-    with open(multiple_versions_increase_string, encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        file_regression.check(f.read(), extension=".txt")
+    file_regression.check(
+        Path(multiple_versions_increase_string).read_text(encoding="utf-8"),
+        extension=".txt",
+    )
 
 
 def test_version_bump_reduce_string_length(
@@ -179,8 +183,10 @@ def test_version_bump_reduce_string_length(
     bump.update_version_in_files(
         old_version, new_version, [location], check_consistency=False, encoding="utf-8"
     )
-    with open(multiple_versions_reduce_string, encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        file_regression.check(f.read(), extension=".txt")
+    file_regression.check(
+        Path(multiple_versions_reduce_string).read_text(encoding="utf-8"),
+        extension=".txt",
+    )
 
 
 def test_file_version_inconsistent_error(
@@ -220,8 +226,10 @@ def test_multiple_versions_to_bump(
     bump.update_version_in_files(
         old_version, new_version, [location], check_consistency=False, encoding="utf-8"
     )
-    with multiple_versions_to_update_poetry_lock.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        file_regression.check(f.read(), extension=".toml")
+    file_regression.check(
+        multiple_versions_to_update_poetry_lock.read_text(encoding="utf-8"),
+        extension=".toml",
+    )
 
 
 def test_update_version_in_globbed_files(commitizen_config_file, file_regression):
diff --git a/tests/test_changelog.py b/tests/test_changelog.py
index 31a0e11b0f..11c3a60446 100644
--- a/tests/test_changelog.py
+++ b/tests/test_changelog.py
@@ -579,8 +579,7 @@ def tags() -> list[git.GitTag]:
 @pytest.fixture
 def changelog_content(data_dir: Path) -> str:
     changelog = data_dir / "CHANGELOG_FOR_TEST.md"
-    with changelog.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
-        return f.read()
+    return changelog.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
 
 
 def test_get_commit_tag_is_a_version(gitcommits, tags):
diff --git a/tests/test_conf.py b/tests/test_conf.py
index fd4d020948..3b79376031 100644
--- a/tests/test_conf.py
+++ b/tests/test_conf.py
@@ -391,8 +391,7 @@ def test_init_empty_config_content(self, tmpdir, config_file):
         toml_config = TomlConfig(data="", path=path)
         toml_config.init_empty_config_content()
 
-        with path.open(encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            assert toml_file.read() == "[tool.commitizen]\n"
+        assert Path(path).read_text(encoding="utf-8") == "[tool.commitizen]\n"
 
     def test_init_empty_config_content_with_existing_content(self, tmpdir, config_file):
         existing_content = "[tool.black]\nline-length = 88\n"
@@ -402,8 +401,10 @@ def test_init_empty_config_content_with_existing_content(self, tmpdir, config_fi
         toml_config = TomlConfig(data="", path=path)
         toml_config.init_empty_config_content()
 
-        with path.open(encoding="utf-8") as toml_file:
-            assert toml_file.read() == existing_content + "\n[tool.commitizen]\n"
+        assert (
+            Path(path).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+            == existing_content + "\n[tool.commitizen]\n"
+        )
 
     def test_init_with_invalid_config_content(self, tmpdir, config_file):
         existing_content = "invalid toml content"
diff --git a/tests/test_deprecated.py b/tests/test_deprecated.py
index 6e695c300c..ebaae82c37 100644
--- a/tests/test_deprecated.py
+++ b/tests/test_deprecated.py
@@ -3,33 +3,33 @@
 from commitizen import changelog_formats, defaults
 
 
-def test_getattr_deprecated_vars():
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("deprecated_var_getter", "replacement"),
+    [
+        (lambda: defaults.bump_pattern, defaults.BUMP_PATTERN),
+        (lambda: defaults.bump_map, defaults.BUMP_MAP),
+        (
+            lambda: defaults.bump_map_major_version_zero,
+            defaults.BUMP_MAP_MAJOR_VERSION_ZERO,
+        ),
+        (lambda: defaults.bump_message, defaults.BUMP_MESSAGE),
+        (lambda: defaults.change_type_order, defaults.CHANGE_TYPE_ORDER),
+        (lambda: defaults.encoding, defaults.ENCODING),
+        (lambda: defaults.name, defaults.DEFAULT_SETTINGS["name"]),
+        (
+            lambda: changelog_formats.guess_changelog_format,
+            changelog_formats._guess_changelog_format,
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+def test_getattr_deprecated_vars(deprecated_var_getter, replacement):
     # Test each deprecated variable
     with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="is deprecated and will be removed"):
-        assert defaults.bump_pattern == defaults.BUMP_PATTERN
-    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="is deprecated and will be removed"):
-        assert defaults.bump_map == defaults.BUMP_MAP
-    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="is deprecated and will be removed"):
-        assert (
-            defaults.bump_map_major_version_zero == defaults.BUMP_MAP_MAJOR_VERSION_ZERO
-        )
-    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="is deprecated and will be removed"):
-        assert defaults.bump_message == defaults.BUMP_MESSAGE
-    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="is deprecated and will be removed"):
-        assert defaults.change_type_order == defaults.CHANGE_TYPE_ORDER
-    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="is deprecated and will be removed"):
-        assert defaults.encoding == defaults.ENCODING
-    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="is deprecated and will be removed"):
-        assert defaults.name == defaults.DEFAULT_SETTINGS["name"]
-    with pytest.warns(DeprecationWarning, match="is deprecated and will be removed"):
-        assert (
-            changelog_formats._guess_changelog_format
-            == changelog_formats.guess_changelog_format
-        )
+        val = deprecated_var_getter()
+    assert val == replacement
 
 
 def test_getattr_non_existent():
     # Test non-existent attribute
-    with pytest.raises(AttributeError) as exc_info:
+    with pytest.raises(AttributeError, match="is not an attribute of"):
         _ = defaults.non_existent_attribute
-    assert "is not an attribute of" in str(exc_info.value)
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index 7198658490..c2bfe993d6 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ wheels = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "commitizen"
-version = "4.13.6"
+version = "4.13.7"
 source = { editable = "." }
 dependencies = [
     { name = "argcomplete" },