[[[[[[[[[ ARCHIVE FORMATS AND DATA ]]]]]]]]]

(C) 1989 Raymond Clay

Permision to freely distribute and modify

is granted so long as credit is given

and all of the text through the disclaimer

is retained and unchanged

October 31, 1989

If you want to submit corrections, changes or source code (in plain ASCII),

you can reach me via:

CIS : 74730,1344

GEnie : R.CLAY1

AppleLink : Raymond6

StarText : 209287 <D/FW-Texas

DISCLAIMER:

I make no garuntees of any kind about the accuracy or adequacey of this

information for any purpose, nor am I responsible for the consequences of

using this information in any manner.

Oh, for a less litiginous world!

**************************************************

CONTENTS PAGE

--------------------------------------------------

ARC/PAK Format ................................ 2

Binary ][ Format .............................. 3

DWC Format .................................... 5

GIF Format .................................... 6

LZH Format .................................... 8

NuFX Format ................................... 9

PackIt Format ................................. 13

StuffIt ....................................... 13

ZIP Format .................................... 15

ZOO Format .................................... 19

Time Value Formats ............................ 20

Extended Files ................................ 20

Filenames ..................................... 20

ARC/PAK Page 2

=======

System of Origin : IBM

Original author : Thom Henderson

FILE FORMAT

-----------

file header 1

file 1

file header 2

file 2

.

.

file header n

file n

EOF

FILE HEADER

-----------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 ARCID DB $1A

01 ARCMTD DB 00 ;Method

02 ARCFNT DS 12 ;filename

0E DB 00

0F ARCNSZ HEX 00000000 ;Compressed size

13 ARCDAT DW 0000 ;File date (MSDOS)

15 ARCTIM DW 0000 ;File time (MSDOS)

17 ARCCRC DW 0000

19 ARCOSZ HEX 00000000 ;Uncompressed size

1D ARCFIL DS ARCNSZ

COMPRESSION METHOD

------------------

NAME METHOD DESCRIPTION

----------- ------ --------------------------------------------

Stored 0 No compression used

Packed 1 Repeated running length encoding (RLE)

Squeezed 2 Huffman encoding

Crunched 3 LZW with 4K buffer, 12 bits codes

Crunched 4 First packing, then LZW 4K buffer with 12 bits

Crunched 5 Packing, LZW, 4K buffer, vari len (9-12 bits)

Squashed 6 LZW, 8K buffer, variable length (9-13 bits)

Crushed 7 Packing, then LZW 8K buffer, 2-13 bits (PAK 1.0)

Distill 8 Dynamic Huffman with 8K buffer (PAK 2.0)

POSITIONING IN FILE

-------------------

Begining of File Data = Begining of File Header + $1D

Next File Header = Begining of File Header + $1D + ARCNSZ

or

= Begining of File Data + ARCNSZ

**************************************************

BINARY ][ Page 3

=========

System of Origin : Apple ][

Original Author : Gary Little

FILE FORMAT

-----------

file header 1

file 1

file header 2

file 2

.

.

file header n

file n

EOF

FILE HEADER

-----------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 B2ID1 DB $A ;ID bytes

01 B2ID2 ASC 'GL' ;authors initials - Gary Little

03 B2ACS DB 00 ;access code

04 B2FTYP DB 00 ;file type

05 B2AUX DB 0000 ;auxiliary type

07 B2STYP DB 00 ;storage type

08 B2FSIZ DW 0000 ;size of file in 512-byte blocks

0A B2MODDAT DW 0000 ;date of modification

0C B2MODTIM DW 0000 ;time of modification

0E B2CRDAT DW 0000 ;date of creation

10 B2CRTIM DW 0000 ;time of creation

12 B2ID3 DB 2 ;ID byte

13 DS 1 ;reserved

14 B2EOF HEX 000000 ;end-of-file (EOF) position

17 B2FLN DB 00 ;length of filename or partial pathname

18 B2FNAM DS 15 ;ASCII filename or partial pathname

;If the filename is a partial pathname

;it will overwrite the following

;2 segments for native filename

27 B2NFLN DB 00 ;length of native filename]

28 B2NFNAM DS 48 ;ASCII native filename

58 DS 23 ;reserved, must be zero

6F B2GSACS DB 00 ;GS/OS access code (high byte)

70 B2GSFTYP DB 00 ;GS/OS file type code (high byte)

71 B2GSSTYP DB 00 ;GS/OS storage type code (high byte)

72 B2GSSIZ DW 0000 ;GS/OS size of file in blocks (high word)

74 B2GSEOF DB 00 ;GS/OS EOF position (high byte)

75 B2DSKSPC HEX 00000000 ;disk space needed (512 byte Blocks)

79 B2OS DB 00 ;operating system type

Page 4

OPERATING SYSTEM TYPE

VALUE DESCRIPTION VALUE DESCRIPTION

----- -------------------------- ----- ------------------------

00 ProDOS or SOS 07 Macintosh XL

01 DOS 3 08 Apple CP/M

02 reserved 09 reserved

03 DOS 3.2 or DOS 3.1 0A MS-DOS

04 Apple II Pascal 0B High Sierra(CD-ROM)

05 Macintosh MFS 0C ISO 9660 (CD-ROM)

06 Macintosh HFS

7A B2NFTYP DW 0000 ;native file type code

7C B2PHANTOM DB 00 ;phantom file flag

PHANTOM FILE S/W DESIGNATIONS

VALUE DESCRIPTION VALUE DESCRIPTION

----- -------------------------- ----- ------------------------

00 [generic] 04 Modem MGR

01 Point-to-Point 05 CommWorks

02 Tele-Master Comm Sys 06 MouseTalk

03 ProTERM

7D B2FLAGS DB 00 ;data flags

LABEL BIT DESCRIPTION

----------- --------- -----------------------------------------

B2FLAGS 7 data is compressed (SQUeezed)

6 data is encrypted

0 file is sparse/packed

NAME METHOD DESCRIPTION

----------- ------ --------------------------------------------

SQUEEZED Huffman Squeeze. The filename will have '.QQ'

appended. The first 16 bytes of the file are

the original filename length and filename, the

next 14 bytes are identical in form and content

to the Apple GetInfo results and the bytes $3 -

$10 of the Binary ][ header. The rest of the

file is squeezed with packing.

7E B2VERSION DB 00 ;Binary II version number

7F B2NUMFOL DB 00 ;number of files to follow

NOTE : Many GS/OS file attributes are stored in 2 places (this is a result

of the differences between ProDOS 8/16 and GS/OS).

POSITIONING IN FILE

-------------------

Begining of File Data = Begining of File Header + $80

Next File Header = Begining of File Header + $80 + B2FSIZ

or

= Begining of File Data + B2FSIZ

**************************************************

DWC Page 5

===

System of Origin : IBM

FILE FORMAT

-----------

file 1

file 2

.

.

file n

file header 1

file header 2

.

.

file header n

end header

EOF

FILE HEADER

-----------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 DWCFNT DS 12 ;filename

0C DB 00

0D DWCOSZ HEX 00000000 ;Uncompressed size

11 DWCTIM DW 0000 ;File time ala MSDOS

13 DWCDAT DW 0000 ;File date ala MSDOS

15 DWZNSZ HEX 00000000 ;Compressed size

19 DWCFTP HEX 00000000 ;File offset from SOF

1D DWCMTD DB 00 ;Method

1E DW 0000 ;???

20 DWCCRC DW 0000 ;CRC

END HEADER

----------

ORG DWCEND-27

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 DS 20 ;?

14 DW 0000 ;Number of files

16 DW 0000

18 ASC 'DWC' ;ID

1B DWCEND

COMPRESSION METHOD

------------------

NAME METHOD DESCRIPTION

----------- ------ --------------------------------------------

Stored No compression used

Crunched Packing, LZW, 4K buffer, var len (9-12 bits)

**************************************************

GIF Page 6

---

Created by Compuserve, Inc.

FILE FORMAT

-----------

GIF Header

Global Color Map

Image Descriptor 1

Local Color Map

Raster Data

Image Descriptor 2

Local Color Map

Raster Data

.

.

.

Image Descriptor n

Local Color Map

Raster Data

GIF Terminator

EOF

HEADER FORMAT

-------------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 GIFSIG ASC 'GIF87a' ;Gif signature and version (87a)

06 GIFWDTH DW 0000 ;Screen Width - Raster width in pixels

08 GIFHGHT DW 0000 ;Screen Height - Raster height in pixels

0A GIFCOLR DB 00 ;Colorbyte

LABEL BIT DESCRIPTION

----------- --------- -----------------------------------------

GCMFLG 7 if set - Global color map follows Descriptor

GCMRES 6-4 # bits of color resolution + 1

3 reserved

GCMPSIZ 2-0 # bits/pixel in image +1, range of values 1

to 8 bits. This gives a range of 2 (B & W) to

256 colors

0B GIFBKGRND DB 00 ;Color index of screen background,

;color is defined from the Global

;color map or default map.

GIFEXTN ;Currently undefined GIF extension

;block

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ---------- ----------------------------

00 GIFEXTSIG DB $21 ;Extension Block signature

01 EXTCODE DB 00 ;Extension Function Code

02 EXTCNT0 DB 00 ;Count of function bytes

03 EXTFUNC0 DS up to 255

.

. repeat EXTCNT0 and EXTFUNC0 as many times as required

.

EXTTERM DB 00 ;Termination of Extension Block

0C GIFHEND DB 00 ;end of GIF header

Page 7

GLOBAL COLOR MAP FORMAT

-----------------------

GCMNUM = 2 ^ (GCMPSIZ)

GCMLEN = GCMNUM * 3

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 GCMCOLR0 HEX 000000 ;definition for color 0

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ---------- ----------------------------

00 REDINTNS DB 00 ;Red intensity value for this

;color

01 GRNINTNS DB 00 ;Green intensity value for

;this color

02 BLUINTNS DB 00 ;Blue intensity value for this

;color

03 GCMCOLR1 HEX 000000 ;definition for color 1

.

.

.

xx GCMCOLRn HEX 000000 ;definition for color n

IMAGE DESCRIPTOR

----------------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 IMGSEP DB $2C ;Image separator character

01 IMGLFT DW 0000 ;Start of image in pixels from the

;left side of the screen

03 IMGTOP DW 0000 ;Start of image in pixels from the

;top of the screen

05 IMGWID DW 0000 ;Width of the image in pixels

07 IMGHGT DW 0000 ;Height of the image in pixels

09 IMGFLGS DB 00 ;GIF flags for this image

LABEL BIT DESCRIPTION

----------- --------- -----------------------------------------

MAPFLG 7 If set, use pixel and Local color map

following, use pixel; otherwise use Global

Color Map

RASTFLG 6 If clear, Image formatted in Sequential order,

if set then Image in Interlaced order

5-3 unused

IMGPSIZ 2-0 bits per pixel for this image

0A LOCOLMAP DS [IMGPSIZ^2]*3 ;Same format and size computation

;as Global Color Map

RASTDAT ;Raster Data - compressed image

GIFTERM DB $3B ;Termination of GIF data

COMPRESSION METHOD

------------------

LZW, 4k BuffER, variable length (3-12 bits)

**************************************************

LZH Page 8

===

System of Origin : IBM

FILE FORMAT

-----------

file header 1

file 1

file header 2

file 2

.

.

file header n

file n

EOF

FILE HEADER

-----------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 LZHHSZ DB 0 ;Header size

01 LZHCKS DB 0 ;Cksum of remaining bytes

02 LZHMTD ASC '-lh0-' ;Method

07 LZHNSZ HEX 00000000 ;Compressed size

0B LZHOSZ HEX 00000000 ;Uncompressed size

0F LZHTIM DW 0000 ;File time (MSDOS)

11 LZHDAT DW 0000 ;File date (MSDOS)

13 LZHATR DW 0000 ;File attribute

15 LZHFNL DB 00 ;filename/path length

16 LZHFNT DS LZHFNL ;filename/path

2B LZHCRC DW 0000 ;CRC-16

COMPRESSION METHOD

------------------

NAME METHOD DESCRIPTION

----------- ------ --------------------------------------------

STORED -lh0- No compression used

LZHUF -lh1- LZW, 4K buffer, Huffman for upper 6 bits of pos

LZARI -lz4- LZW, Arithmetic Encoding

LZARI -lz5- LZW, Arithmetic Encoding

POSITIONING IN FILE

-------------------

Begining of File Data = Begining of Header + LZHHSZ

Begining of Next File Header = Begining of File Data + LZHNSZ

**************************************************

NuFX - SHRINKIT Page 9

===============

System of Origin: Apple ][

Original author: Andrew Nicholas

FILE FORMAT

-----------

Master Header

File 1 Header

Attribute Section

Filename Section

Thread Section

Thread 1

. File data is contained in a thread

.

Thread n

File 2 Header

Attribute Section

Filename Section

Thread Section

Thread 1

.

.

Thread n

File 3 Header

.

.

.

EOF

MASTER HEADER

-------------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 NUID1 HEX 4EF546E96CE5 ;Master signature spells "NuFile"

;in alternating high and low ASCII

06 NUCRC DW 0000 ;CRC of bytes $08 - $2F in this block

08 NURECS HEX 00000000 ;Total number of files in this archive

0C NUCRTIM HEX 000000 ;archive creation time and date

0F NUCRDAT HEX 0000000000

14 NUMDTIM HEX 000000 ;time and date archive last modified

17 NUMDDAT HEX 0000000000

1C DS 19 ;reserved

2F ;end master header

Page 10

TIME FORMAT

-----------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ---------- ----------------------------

00 GSSEC DB 00 ;second - 0 through 59

01 GSMIN DB 00 ;minute - 0 through 59

02 GSHR DB 00 ;hour - 0 through 23

03 GSYR DB 00 ;current Year minus 1900

04 GSDAY DB 00 ;day - 0 through 30

05 GSMNTH DB 00 ;month - 0 through 11, with

;0=January

06 DB 00 ;filler byte - reserved = 00

07 GSWDAY DB 00 ;weekday - 1 through 7, with

;1=Sunday

The format of this field is identical to that described in the

_ReadTimeHex ($0D03) call described on page 14-14 of the

Apple_IIgs_Toolbox_Reference:_Volume_1.

FILE HEADER

-----------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 NXID1 HEX 4EF546D8 ;Header signature spells "NuFX" in

;alternating high and low ASCII

04 NXCRC DW 0000 ;CRC of bytes $06 - NXATRBCNT+1

ATTRIBUTE SECTION

-----------------

06 NXATRBCNT DW 0000 ;length of the attribute section of

;each header. The distance from NXID1

;to and including NXFNL

08 NXVERS DW 0000 ;Minimum version needed for extraction

0A NXNUMTHR HEX 00000000 ;The number of threads following NXFNAM

0E NXSYSID DW 0000 ;Native file system identifier

SYSTEM IDENTIFIERS

VALUE DESCRIPTION VALUE DESCRIPTION

----- -------------------------- ----- ------------------------

0000 File is an Archived Disk 0008 Apple CP/M

0001 ProDOS/SOS 0009 reserved, do not use

0002 DOS 3.3 000A MS-DOS

0003 DOS 3.2 000B High-Sierra/ISO 9660

0004 Apple II Pascal 000C

0005 Macintosh(tm) (HFS) . reserved

0006 Macintosh (MFS) FFFF

0007 LISA(tm) file system

10 NXSYSSEP ASC '/' ;Native file system seperator

;ProDOS = '/' ($2F)

;HFS = ':' ($3A)

;MS-DOS = '\' ($5C)

11 NXSPARSE DB 00 ;sparse file indicated if = $01

12 NXACCESS HEX 00000000 ;

Page 11

LABEL BIT DESCRIPTION if set

----------- --------- -----------------------------------------

NXACCESS 31-8 reserved, must be zero

7 destroy enabled

6 rename enabled

5 backup needed

4-3 reserved, must be zero

2 file is invisible

1 write enabled

0 read enabled

16 NXFTYP HEX 00000000 ;file type, Disk = 0

1A NXEXTYP HEX 00000000 ;extra type, ProDOS aux_type or HFS

;creator_type, Disk: total number

;of blocks on the device

1E NXSTRTYP DW 0000 ;storage type, if a disk this should

;contain the block size of the O/S

STORAGE TYPE

TYPE IF FILE SIZE IS: O/S BLOCK SIZE

---- ------------------------- --------- ---------------

$1 < 512 bytes ProDOS 512

$2 > 511 bytes, < 128k DOS 3.3 256

$3 > 129k HFS 524

$5 extended file

$D subdirectory

20 NXCRTIM HEX 000000 ;file creation time and date

23 NXCRDAT HEX 0000000000

28 NXMDTIM HEX 000000 ;time and date file last modified

2B NXMDDAT HEX 0000000000

30 NXARCTIM HEX 000000 ;time and date file archived

33 NXARCDAT HEX 0000000000

.

.

Any other attributes are added here. NXATRBCNT points to the NXFNL, which

is always the last attribute.

.

.

NXATRBCNT-2

NXFNL DW 0000 ;filename length

FILENAME SECTION

----------------

NXFNL+2

NXFILE DS NXFNL ;Filename, partial pathname or disk

;volume name. Names ported across

;systems may have illegal characters

;or characteristics.

Page 12

THREAD SECTION

--------------

Thread records are 16 byte records which immediately follow the filename and

describe the types of data structures which are included with a given record.

The number of threads is in the attribute section under NXNUMTHR.

A thread record can be represented as follows:

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 THRCLASS DW 0000 ;describes the class of the thread

0000 CLS_MSG

0001 CLS__CNTRL

0002 CLS_DATA

0003 CLS_SPRSE

02 THRFRMT DW 0000 ;format of the data within the thread

0000 ;Uncompressed

0001 ;SQueezed (SQ/USQ)

0002 ;Dynamic LZW [ShrinkIt]

0003

. ;RESERVED, contact the author

FFFF

04 THRKIND DW 0000 ;describes data in thread

if THRCLS = and THRKIND = THEN THE THREAD CONTAINS:

---------------- -------------- ---------------------------

CLS_MSG 0000 ASCII text

all others undefined

CLS_CNTRL 0000 create directory

all others undefined

CLS_DATA 0000 data_fork of file

0001 disk image

0002 resource_fork of file

all others undefined

06 DS 2

08 THREOF HEX 00000000 ;length of the uncompressed thread

0C THRCMPEOF HEX 00000000 ;length of the compressed thread

POSITIONING IN FILE

-------------------

Start of the thread list = (beginning of header) + NXATRBCNT + NXFNL

End of the thread list = (beginning of header) + NXATRBCNT + NXFNL +

(16 * NXNUMTHR)

Start of a data_thread = (beginning of header) + NXATRBCNT + NXFNL +

(16 * NXNUMTHR) + (THRCMPEOF of all threads

in the thread list which are not data prior

to finding a CLS_DATA = 0000)

Page 13

Start of a resource_thread = (beginning of header) + NXATRBCNT + NXFNL +

(16 * NXNUMTHR) + (THRCMPEOF of all the

threads in the thread list which are not

resources prior to finding a

CLS_DATA = 0002)

Next record = (beginning of header) + NXATRBCNT + NXFNL +

(16 * NXNUMTHR) + (THRCMPEOF of each thread)

**************************************************

PACKIT

======

System of Origin : Macintosh

FILE HEADER

-----------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 PITFLN HEX 00 ;filename length

01 PITFNAM DS 63 ;filename

40 PITTYP HEX 00000000 ;file type

44 PITCRT HEX 00000000 ;Creator

48 PITFFLG DW 0000 ;Finder flags

4C PITLOK DW 0000 ;locked?

4E PITDSIZ HEX 00000000 ;data fork uncompressed size

52 PITRSIZ HEX 00000000 ;resource fork uncompressed size

56 PITCDSIZ HEX 00000000 ;data fork compressed size

5A PITCRSIZ HEX 00000000 ;resource fork compressed size

5E PITCRC DW 0000 ;CRC

**************************************************

STUFFIT

=======

System of Origin : Macintosh

Original author : Raymond Lau

FILE FORMAT

-----------

Master Header

file header 1

file 1 resource fork

file 1 data fork

file header 2

file 2 resource fork

file 2 data fork

.

.

file header n

file n resource fork

file n data fork

EOF

Page 14

MASTER HEADER

-------------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 SITHSIG ASC 'SIT!' ;STUFFIT archive signature

04 SITHNUM DW 0000 ;number of files in archive

06 SITHLEN HEX 00000000 ;length of entire archive incl hdr

0A SITHID2 ASC 'rLau' ;authors name - R. Lau

0E SITHVER DB 00 ;version number

0F DS 7 ;reserved

FILE HEADER

-----------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------

00 SITFRCMP DB 00 ;rsrc fork compression method

01 SITFDCMP DB 00 ;data fork compression method

02 SITFNL DB 00 ;file name length

03 SITFNAM DS $3F ;filename

41 SITFTYP DB 00000000 ;filetype

45 SITFCR DB 00000000 ;file creator

49 SITFFFL DW 0000 ;Finder flags

4B SITFCRD HEX 00000000 ;creation date

4F SITFMDD HEX 00000000 ;modification date

53 SITFRLN HEX 00000000 ;uncompressed resource fork length

57 SITFDLN HEX 00000000 ;uncompressed data fork length

5B SITFCRLN HEX 00000000 ;compressed resource fork length

5F SITFCDLN HEX 00000000 ;compressed data fork length

61 SITFRCRC DW 0000 ;resource fork CRC

63 SITFDCRC DW 0000 ;data fork CRC

65 SITFRPAD DB 00 ;pad bytes for encrypted files,

66 SITFDPAD DB 00 ;resource and data forks

6A DS 4 ;reserved

6E SITFHCRC DW 0000 ;CRC of file header

STUFFIT METHODS

NAME METHOD DESCRIPTION

----------- ------ --------------------------------------------

noComp 0 uncompressed

rleComp 1 RLE compression

lzwComp 2 LZW compression, 18k buffer, 14 bit code size

hufComp 3 Huffman compression

encrypted 16 bit set if encrypted. ex: encrypted+lzwComp

startFolder 32 marks start of a new folder

endFolder 33 marks end of the last folder started

Page 15

POSITIONING IN FILE

-------------------

First File Header = SITHSIG + $15

Begining of Resource Fork = SITFRCMP + $6F

Begining of Data Fork = Begining of Resource Fork + SITFCRLN

Next File Header = Begining of previous Data Fork + SITFCDLN

or

= Previous File Header + $6F + SITFCRLN + SITCDLN

**************************************************

ZIP

===

System of Origin : IBM

Original author : Phil Katz

FILE FORMAT

-----------

Files stored in arbitrary order. Large zipfiles can span multiple

diskette media.

Local File Header 1

file 1 extra field

file 1 comment

file data 1

Local File Header 2

file 2 extra field

file 2 comment

file data 2

.

.

.

Local File Header n

file n extra field

file n comment

file data n

Central Directory

central extra field

central comment

End of Central Directory

end comment

EOF

Page 16

LOCAL FILE HEADER

-----------------

OFFSET LABEL TYP VALUE DESCRIPTION

------ ----------- ---- ----------- ----------------------------------