Create pathModuleInOS.md

chavarera · web-flow · commit 460c62c15a3f · 2019-07-25T21:01:29.000+05:30
diff --git a/Module/os/pathModuleInOS.md b/Module/os/pathModuleInOS.md
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+## os.path module
+
+#### The os.path module from os module
+- **os.path** module used for common pathname manipulation.
+- This module implements some useful functions on pathnames.
+- Different operating systems have different path name conventions.
+
+different path styles:
+```
+- posixpath for UNIX-style paths
+- ntpath for Windows paths
+- macpath for old-style MacOS paths
+```
+#### import os.path module
+
+- Instead of directly importing os.path name module first import os root module and access os.path from it.
+```python
+#import os module
+import os
+```
+
+use os.path for further operation
+
+Get documentation of os.path
+```python
+#import os module
+import os
+
+#Get help Documentation of os.path
+print(help(os.path))
+
+#Get Avialable Function list in os.path module
+print(dir(os.path))
+```
+
+Important Function in os.path Module
+
+#### 1.curdir():
+- Return a period
+- An attribute reference is a primary followed by a period and a name:
+
+   attributeref ::= primary "." identifier
+
+primary must evaluate to an object of a type that supports
+attribute references, which most objects do.  This object is then
+asked to produce the attribute whose name is the identifier
+
+Example:
+```python
+#import os
+
+#get curdir 
+print(os.path.curdir)
+
+#Result:.
+```
+
+#### 2.abspath:
+
+- Return an absolute path.
+- Normally it joins using normspath **os.getcwd()** and path and return it.
+
+
+Syntax:
+```python
+os.path.abspath(path)
+
+# path paramter is mandatory
+```
+
+Example:
+```python
+import os
+
+#path
+path=r"C:/Test"
+print(os.path.abspath(path))
+
+#Result :"currentdirectorypath/C:/Test"
+```
+
+#### 3.basename:
+- Returns the lat component of given path.
+
+Consider following example
+```
+fullpath:"C:/Test/final"
+basename:final
+
+full_path:"C:/Test/final/"
+basename:
+
+full_path:"C:/Test/final/filename.txt"
+basename:filename.txt
+```
+
+Syntax:
+```python
+os.path.basename(path)
+```
+
+Example:
+```
+#Import Required module
+import os
+
+#Full path
+full_path=r"C:/Test/final/filename.txt"
+
+#Get basename
+basename=os.path.basename(full_path)
+
+print(basename)
+#Result:filename.txt
+```
+
+#### 4.commonpath
+
+- From  2 given path, returns the longest common sub-path.
+Consider
+```
+path1="C:/test/folder/amaze"
+path2="C:/test/folder"
+
+commonpath:C:/test/folder
+```
+
+Syntax:
+```python
+os.path.commonpath(['path1','path2','path3'])
+```
+
+Example:
+```python
+
+# import require dmodule
+import os
+
+#path list
+paths=['/usr/lib', '/usr/local/lib']
+
+#To get Common Path
+common=os.path.commonpath(paths)
+
+#print the commonpath
+print(common)
+#Result:/usr
+```
+
+#### 5.commonprefix()
+
+- From a list of pathnames, returns the longest common leading path.
+
+Consider following Example
+```
+path1="C:/test/folder/amaze"
+path2="C:/test/fntl/test"
+
+commonprefix path:C:/test/f
+```
+
+Syntax:
+```python
+os.path.commonprefix(['path1','path2'])
+```
+
+Example:
+```python
+# import require dmodule
+import os
+
+#Initialize paths
+path1="C:/test/folder/amaze"
+path2="C:/test/fntl/test"
+
+#get common prefix in path
+comonprefix=os.path.commonprefix([path1,path2])
+
+#print Common prefix path
+print(comonprefix)
+
+#Result:C:/test/f
+```
+
+
+#### 6.dirname:
+- Return the directory path of given pathname
+
+Consider
+```
+pathname="C:/test/folder/amaze.txt"
+dirname:C:/test/folder
+```
+
+Syntax:
+```python
+os.path.dirname('path')
+```
+
+Example:
+```python
+# import require dmodule
+import os
+
+#Initialize paths
+path1="C:/test/folder/amaze.txt"
+
+#Get dir name
+name=os.path.dirname(path1)
+
+
+#print the dirname
+print(name)
+
+#Result:C:/test/folder
+```
+
+
+#### 7.exists
+
+- Return True if given pathname is exists otherwise return False
+
+Syntax:
+```
+os.path.exists('pathname')
+```
+
+Example:
+```python
+import os
+path=r"C:/test/folder/amaze.txt"
+print(os.path.exists(path))
+
+#Result:False because this path is not exists
+```
+
+#### 8.isfile
+
+- Return True if given pathname is a file
+
+Syntax:
+```python
+os.path.isfile(path)
+```
+
+Example:
+```python
+import os
+path=r"C:/test/folder/amaze.txt"
+print(os.path.isfile(path))
+
+#Result is True if that file exists and it is a a file otherwise False
+```
+
+#### 9.isdir
+
+- Return True if given pathname is a directory
+
+Syntax:
+```python
+os.path.isdir(path)
+```
+
+Example:
+```python
+import os
+path=r"C:/test/folder"
+print(os.path.isdir(path))
+
+#Result is True if that directory is  exists and it is a a directory otherwise False
+```
+
+#### 10.join:
+- join two or more pathname paths, by inserting **'/'** as needed.
+
+Syntax:
+```python
+os.path.join(path1,path2)
+```
+
+Example:
+```python
+#import required module
+import os
+
+path1=r"c:"
+path2=r"foldername"
+
+#join path1 and path2
+joined_path=os.path.join(path1,path2)
+
+print(joined_path)
+#Result:c:/foldername
+```
+
+#### 11.split:
+- split(path) Return a tuple containing 
+(head,tail)
+
+**tail**:where tail is everything after the final slash may be empty sometime
+
+- The tail part will never contain a slash.
+- If path is empty, both head and tail are empty.
+
+Syntax:
+```python
+os.path.split()
+```
+
+Example:
+```python
+#import required module
+import os
+
+#Simple Example 1
+path1=r"C:/Test/help.txt"
+splited_path1=os.path.split(path1)
+print(splited_path1)
+#Result:('C:/Test', 'help.txt')
+
+#Example 2
+path2=r"C:/Test/"
+splited_path2=os.path.split(path2)
+print(splited_path2)
+#Result:('C:/Test', '')
+
+#Example 3
+path3=r""
+splited_path3=os.path.split(path3)
+print(splited_path3)
+#Result:('', '')
+
+'''
+#Result:
+('C:/Test', 'help.txt')
+('C:/Test', '')
+('', '')
+'''
+```
+
+Some Other Important os.path avialable Function
+
+**12.splitdrive:**
+- Split a pathname into drive and path,
+
+**13.splittext**
+- Split the extension from a pathname.
+
+**14.relpath(path, start=os.curdir)**
+ - Return a relative filepath to path either from the current directory or from an optional start directory
