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## String Formating :capital_abcd:
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## String Formating
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### Basic of String Formatting
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- String Formatting is one good way to joins and combines two or more string with different data.
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### Using .format() we can archives different things
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### 1.String concatenation :spider_web:
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### 1.String concatenation
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Syntax
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```python
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'{} {}'.format(list of variables)
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```
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for example if we want to write **"a value is 10"**
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for example, if we want to write **" value is 10"**
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Normal way to write
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```python
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a=10
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print('a value is '+str(a))
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#Result:a value is 10
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print('value is '+str(a))
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```
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Output:
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```
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value is 10
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```
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Using String Formatting
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```python
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a=10
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print('a value is {}'.format(a))
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#Result:a value is 10
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print('value is {}'.format(a))
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```
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Output:
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```
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value is 10
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```
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if we want to print **"a value is 10 and b value is 20 and c value is 39"**
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Normal way
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c=39
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res='a value is '+str(a)+' and b value is '+str(b)+' and c value is '+str(c)
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print(res)
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```
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#Result:a value is 10 and b value is 20 and c value is 39
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Output:
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```
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a value is 10 and b value is 20 and c value is 39
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```
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Using string Formatting
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b=20
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c=39
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print('a value is {} and b value is {} and c value is {}'.format(a,b,c))
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#Result:a value is 10 and b value is 20 and c value is 39
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```
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Output:
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```
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a value is 10 and b value is 20 and c value is 39
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```
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- You can also give position inside {} block like {1} then this will get value from **.format(0position,1position,2postion)**
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b=20
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c=39
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print('a value is {2} and b value is {1} and cvalue is {0}'.format(a,b,c))
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#Result:a value is 39 and b value is 20 and cvalue is 10
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```
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- here **{2}** get value from format and get value whose position is 2 in formatting.
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Output:
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```
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a value is 39 and b value is 20 and cvalue is 10
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```
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- here **{2}** get value from the format and get value whose position is 2 in formatting.
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- We can also use variable name inside a braces also as following
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```python
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c=39
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v='a value is {a} and b value is {b} and cvalue is {c}'.format(a=10,b=20,c=39)
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print(v)
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#Result:a value is 10 and b value is 20 and cvalue is 39
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```
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Output:
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```
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a value is 10 and b value is 20 and cvalue is 39
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```
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### 2.Type Conversion :shinto_shrine:
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### 2.Type Conversion
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- Type conversion int to float
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following example showing conversion of int datatype to float datatype.
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The following example showing the conversion of int datatype to float datatype.
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Example
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```python
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a=10
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print('a value is {0:f}'.format(a))
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#Result:a value is 10.000000
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```
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Output:
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```
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a value is 10.000000
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```
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conversion int datatype to float datatype with **2** precision point.
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Example
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```python
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a=10
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print('a value is {0:.2f}'.format(a))
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#Result:a value is 10.00
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```
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Output:
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```
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a value is 10.00
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```
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- type conversion double to float
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- while calulation in python 3 the defualt return type of calculation is **double**
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Example
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```python
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print('2/3 answer is {}'.format(2/3))
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#Result:2/3 answer is 0.6666666666666666
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```
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Output:
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```
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2/3 answer is 0.6666666666666666
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```
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- To conversion of double daatatype to float datatpe.
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Example:
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```python
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print('2/3 answer is {0:f}'.format(2/3))
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#Result:2/3 answer is 0.666667
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```
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Output:
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```
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2/3 answer is 0.666667
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```
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### 3.Space around the word :part_alternation_mark:
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### 3.Space around the word
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- This is used for giving spacing for integer variables
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```python
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print('answer is {0:3d}'.format(2))
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#Result:answer is 2
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```
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Output:
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```
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answer is 2
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```
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here the given element is length of 1 digit and we give space for 3 digit means only 2 digit space will displayed.
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Example:
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```python
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print('my name is {}'.format('abhi'))
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#Result:my name is abhi
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```
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Output:
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```
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my name is abhi
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```
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- To give space before name we use right chevron
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```python
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print('my name is {0:>8}'.format('abhi'))
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#Result:my name is abhi
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```
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Output:
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```
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my name is abhi
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```
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- To give space after name we use right chevron
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```python
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print('my name is {0:<8} ....'.format('abhi'))
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#Result:my name is abhi ....
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```
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### 4.Asterisk :eight_pointed_black_star: around the text
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Output:
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```
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my name is abhi ....
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```
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### 4.Asterisk around the text
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Example:
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```python
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print('{0:*^11s}'.format('rahul'))
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#Result:***rahul***
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```
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Output:
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```
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:***rahul***
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```
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This will create 11 * but **rahul** string is have 5 length characters so 6 asterisk(*) will be printed at 3 left side and 3 right side.
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Example:
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```python
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print('{0:*^12s}'.format('rahul'))
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#Result:***rahul****
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```
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### 5.String Formatting inside a loop :loop:
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Output:
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```
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***rahul****
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```
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### 5.String Formatting inside a loop
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Example
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```python
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for i in range(1,11):
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print('{0:5d}{1:5d}{2:5d}'.format(i,i**2,i**3))
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'''
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#Result:
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1 1 1
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print('{0:5d}{1:5d}{2:5d}'.format(i,i**2,i**3))
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```
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Output:
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```
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``` 1 1 1
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3 9 27
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8 64 512
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9 81 729
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10 100 1000
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'''
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```
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```

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