/*
https://github.com/peterix/dfhack
Copyright (c) 2009-2012 Petr Mrázek (peterix@gmail.com)

This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any
damages arising from the use of this software.

Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any
purpose, including commercial applications, and to alter it and
redistribute it freely, subject to the following restrictions:

1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must
not claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this
software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation
would be appreciated but is not required.

2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and
must not be misrepresented as being the original software.

3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
distribution.
*/


#include "Internal.h"

#include "ColorText.h"
#include "Core.h"
#include "DataDefs.h"
#include "Error.h"
#include "MemAccess.h"
#include "MiscUtils.h"
#include "ModuleFactory.h"
#include "VersionInfo.h"

#include "modules/Buildings.h"
#include "modules/MapCache.h"
#include "modules/Maps.h"

#include "df/biome_type.h"
#include "df/block_burrow.h"
#include "df/block_burrow_link.h"
#include "df/block_square_event_grassst.h"
#include "df/building.h"
#include "df/building_type.h"
#include "df/builtin_mats.h"
#include "df/burrow.h"
#include "df/feature_init.h"
#include "df/feature_map_shellst.h"
#include "df/feature_mapst.h"
#include "df/flow_info.h"
#include "df/map_block.h"
#include "df/map_block_column.h"
#include "df/plant.h"
#include "df/plant_root_tile.h"
#include "df/plant_tree_info.h"
#include "df/plant_tree_tile.h"
#include "df/region_map_entry.h"
#include "df/world.h"
#include "df/world_data.h"
#include "df/world_geo_biome.h"
#include "df/world_geo_layer.h"
#include "df/world_region_details.h"
#include "df/world_underground_region.h"
#include "df/z_level_flags.h"

#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>

using std::max;
using std::min;
using std::string;
using std::vector;
using namespace DFHack;
using namespace df::enums;
using df::global::world;

const char * DFHack::sa_feature(df::feature_type index)
{
    switch(index)
    {
    case feature_type::outdoor_river:
        return "River";
    case feature_type::cave:
        return "Cave";
    case feature_type::pit:
        return "Pit";
    case feature_type::magma_pool:
        return "Magma pool";
    case feature_type::volcano:
        return "Volcano";
    case feature_type::deep_special_tube:
        return "Adamantine deposit";
    case feature_type::deep_surface_portal:
        return "Underworld portal";
    case feature_type::subterranean_from_layer:
        return "Cavern";
    case feature_type::magma_core_from_layer:
        return "Magma sea";
    case feature_type::underworld_from_layer:
        return "Underworld";
    default:
        return "Unknown/Error";
    }
};

/*
 * Cuboid class fns
 */
cuboid::cuboid(int16_t x1, int16_t y1, int16_t z1, int16_t x2, int16_t y2, int16_t z2) {
    x_min = min(x1, x2);
    x_max = max(x1, x2);
    y_min = min(y1, y2);
    y_max = max(y1, y2);
    z_min = min(z1, z2);
    z_max = max(z1, z2);
}

cuboid::cuboid(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t z) {
    x_min = x_max = x;
    y_min = y_max = y;
    z_min = z_max = z;
}

cuboid::cuboid(const df::map_block *block) {
    if (block) {
        auto &pos = block->map_pos;
        x_min = pos.x;
        x_max = pos.x + 15;
        y_min = pos.y;
        y_max = pos.y + 15;
        z_min = z_max = pos.z;
    }
}

bool cuboid::isValid() const {
    return x_min >= 0 && y_min >= 0 && z_min >= 0 &&
        x_max >= x_min && y_max >= y_min && z_max >= z_min;
}

cuboid cuboid::clamp(const cuboid &other)
{
    if (isValid() && other.isValid()) {
        x_min = max(x_min, other.x_min);
        y_min = max(y_min, other.y_min);
        z_min = max(z_min, other.z_min);
        x_max = min(x_max, other.x_max);
        y_max = min(y_max, other.y_max);
        z_max = min(z_max, other.z_max);
    }
    else
        clear();

    return *this;
}

cuboid cuboid::clampMap(bool block)
{
    if (!Maps::IsValid() || !isValid()) {
        clear();
        return *this;
    }

    int32_t x, y, z;
    if (block)
        Maps::getSize(x, y, z);
    else
        Maps::getTileSize(x, y, z);

    return clamp(cuboid(0, 0, 0, x-1, y-1, z-1));
}

bool cuboid::addPos(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t z)
{
    if (x < 0 || y < 0 || z < 0 || (isValid() && containsPos(x, y, z)))
        return false;

    x_min = (x_min < 0 || x < x_min) ? x : x_min;
    x_max = (x_max < 0 || x > x_max) ? x : x_max;

    y_min = (y_min < 0 || y < y_min) ? y : y_min;
    y_max = (y_max < 0 || y > y_max) ? y : y_max;

    z_min = (z_min < 0 || z < z_min) ? z : z_min;
    z_max = (z_max < 0 || z > z_max) ? z : z_max;

    return true;
}

bool cuboid::containsPos(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t z) const {
    return x >= x_min && y >= y_min && z >= z_min &&
        x <= x_max && y <= y_max && z <= z_max;
}

void cuboid::forCoord(std::function<bool(df::coord)> fn, bool row_major) const
{
    if (isValid()) // Only iterate if valid cuboid.
        Maps::forCoord(fn, x_min, y_min, z_max, x_max, y_max, z_min, row_major);
}

void cuboid::forBlock(std::function<bool(df::map_block *, cuboid)> fn, bool ensure_block) const
{
    auto c = *this; // Create a copy to modify.
    if (!c.clampMap().isValid()) // No intersection.
        return;

    // Process z, y, then x.
    for (int16_t x = (c.x_min >> 4) << 4; x <= c.x_max; x += 16)
        for (int16_t y = (c.y_min >> 4) << 4; y <= c.y_max; y += 16)
            for (int16_t z = c.z_max; z >= c.z_min; z--)
            {
                auto *block = ensure_block ? Maps::ensureTileBlock(x, y, z) : Maps::getTileBlock(x, y, z);
                if (!block) // Skip unallocated block.
                    continue;
                else if (!fn(block, cuboid(block).clamp(c)))
                    return; // Break iterator.
            }
}

/*
 * The Maps module
 */
bool Maps::IsValid() {
    return (world->map.block_index != NULL);
}

void Maps::forCoord(std::function<bool(df::coord)> fn, int16_t x1, int16_t y1, int16_t z1,
    int16_t x2, int16_t y2, int16_t z2, bool row_major)
{
    int16_t dx = x1 > x2 ? -1 : 1;
    int16_t dy = y1 > y2 ? -1 : 1;
    int16_t dz = z1 > z2 ? -1 : 1;

    if (row_major) {
        // Process z, y, then x.
        for (int16_t z = z1; z != z2 + dz; z += dz)
            for (int16_t y = y1; y != y2 + dy; y += dy)
                for (int16_t x = x1; x != x2 + dx; x += dx)
                    if (!fn(df::coord(x, y, z)))
                        return; // Break iterator.
    } else {
        // Process z, x, then y.
        for (int16_t z = z1; z != z2 + dz; z += dz)
            for (int16_t x = x1; x != x2 + dx; x += dx)
                for (int16_t y = y1; y != y2 + dy; y += dy)
                    if (!fn(df::coord(x, y, z)))
                        return; // Break iterator.
    }
}

// getter for map size in blocks
inline void getSizeInline (int32_t &x, int32_t &y, int32_t &z)
{
    if (!Maps::IsValid())
    {
        x = y = z = 0;
        return;
    }
    x = world->map.x_count_block;
    y = world->map.y_count_block;
    z = world->map.z_count_block;
}
void Maps::getSize (int32_t &x, int32_t &y, int32_t &z)
{
    getSizeInline(x, y, z);
}
void Maps::getSize (uint32_t &x, uint32_t &y, uint32_t &z) //todo: deprecate me
{
    int32_t sx, sy, sz;
    getSizeInline(sx, sy, sz);
    x = uint32_t(sx);
    y = uint32_t(sy);
    z = uint32_t(sz);
}

// getter for map size in tiles
inline void getTileSizeInline (int32_t &x, int32_t &y, int32_t &z)
{
    getSizeInline(x, y, z);
    x *= 16;
    y *= 16;
}
void Maps::getTileSize (int32_t &x, int32_t &y, int32_t &z)
{
    getTileSizeInline(x, y, z);
}
void Maps::getTileSize (uint32_t &x, uint32_t &y, uint32_t &z) //todo: deprecate me
{
    int32_t sx, sy, sz;
    getTileSizeInline(sx, sy, sz);
    x = uint32_t(sx);
    y = uint32_t(sy);
    z = uint32_t(sz);
}

// getter for map position
void Maps::getPosition (int32_t &x, int32_t &y, int32_t &z)
{
    if (!IsValid())
    {
        x = y = z = 0;
        return;
    }
    x = world->map.region_x;
    y = world->map.region_y;
    z = world->map.region_z;
}

/*
 * Block reading
 */

df::map_block *Maps::getBlock (int32_t blockx, int32_t blocky, int32_t blockz)
{
    if (!IsValid())
        return NULL;
    if ((blockx < 0) || (blocky < 0) || (blockz < 0))
        return NULL;
    if ((blockx >= world->map.x_count_block) || (blocky >= world->map.y_count_block) || (blockz >= world->map.z_count_block))
        return NULL;
    return world->map.block_index[blockx][blocky][blockz];
}

df::map_block_column *Maps::getBlockColumn(int32_t blockx, int32_t blocky)
{
    if (!IsValid())
        return NULL;
    if ((blockx < 0) || (blocky < 0))
        return NULL;
    if ((blockx >= world->map.x_count_block) || (blocky >= world->map.y_count_block))
        return NULL;
    return world->map.column_index[blockx][blocky];
}

bool Maps::isValidTilePos(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z)
{
    if (!IsValid())
        return false;
    if ((x < 0) || (y < 0) || (z < 0))
        return false;
    if ((x >= world->map.x_count) || (y >= world->map.y_count) || (z >= world->map.z_count))
        return false;
    return true;
}

bool Maps::isTileVisible(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z)
{
    df::map_block *block = getTileBlock(x, y, z);
    if (!block)
        return false;
    if (block->designation[x % 16][y % 16].bits.hidden)
        return false;

    return true;
}

df::map_block *Maps::getTileBlock (int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z)
{
    if (!isValidTilePos(x,y,z))
        return NULL;
    return world->map.block_index[x >> 4][y >> 4][z];
}

df::map_block *Maps::ensureTileBlock (int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z)
{
    if (!isValidTilePos(x,y,z))
        return NULL;

    auto column = world->map.block_index[x >> 4][y >> 4];
    auto &slot = column[z];
    if (slot)
        return slot;

    // Find another block below
    int z2 = z;
    while (z2 >= 0 && !column[z2]) z2--;
    if (z2 < 0)
        return NULL;

    slot = new df::map_block();
    slot->region_pos = column[z2]->region_pos;
    slot->map_pos = column[z2]->map_pos;
    slot->map_pos.z = z;

    // Assume sky
    df::tile_designation dsgn;
    dsgn.bits.light = true;
    dsgn.bits.outside = true;

    for (int tx = 0; tx < 16; tx++)
        for (int ty = 0; ty < 16; ty++) {
            slot->designation[tx][ty] = dsgn;
            slot->temperature_1[tx][ty] = column[z2]->temperature_1[tx][ty];
            slot->temperature_2[tx][ty] = column[z2]->temperature_2[tx][ty];
        }

    df::global::world->map.map_blocks.push_back(slot);
    return slot;
}

df::tiletype *Maps::getTileType(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z)
{
    df::map_block *block = getTileBlock(x,y,z);
    return block ? &block->tiletype[x&15][y&15] : NULL;
}

df::tile_designation *Maps::getTileDesignation(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z)
{
    df::map_block *block = getTileBlock(x,y,z);
    return block ? &block->designation[x&15][y&15] : NULL;
}

df::tile_occupancy *Maps::getTileOccupancy(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z)
{
    df::map_block *block = getTileBlock(x,y,z);
    return block ? &block->occupancy[x&15][y&15] : NULL;
}

df::region_map_entry *Maps::getRegionBiome(df::coord2d rgn_pos)
{
    auto data = world->world_data;
    if (!data)
        return NULL;

    if (rgn_pos.x < 0 || rgn_pos.x >= data->world_width ||
        rgn_pos.y < 0 || rgn_pos.y >= data->world_height)
        return NULL;

    return &data->region_map[rgn_pos.x][rgn_pos.y];
}

void Maps::enableBlockUpdates(df::map_block *blk, bool flow, bool temperature)
{
    if (!blk || !(flow || temperature)) return;

    if (temperature)
        blk->flags.bits.update_temperature = true;

    if (flow)
    {
        blk->flags.bits.update_liquid = true;
        blk->flags.bits.update_liquid_twice = true;
    }

    auto z_flags = world->map_extras.z_level_flags;
    int z_level = blk->map_pos.z;

    if (z_flags && z_level >= 0 && z_level < world->map.z_count_block)
    {
        z_flags += z_level;
        z_flags->bits.update = true;
        z_flags->bits.update_twice = true;
    }
}

df::flow_info *Maps::spawnFlow(df::coord pos, df::flow_type type, int mat_type, int mat_index, int density)
{
    using df::global::flows;

    auto block = getTileBlock(pos);
    if (!flows || !block)
        return NULL;

    auto flow = new df::flow_info();
    flow->type = type;
    flow->mat_type = mat_type;
    flow->mat_index = mat_index;
    flow->density = min(100, density);
    flow->pos = pos;

    block->flows.push_back(flow);
    flows->push_back(flow);
    return flow;
}

df::feature_init *Maps::getGlobalInitFeature(int32_t index)
{
    auto data = world->world_data;
    if (!data || index < 0)
        return NULL;

    auto rgn = vector_get(data->underground_regions, index);
    if (!rgn)
        return NULL;

    return rgn->feature_init;
}

bool Maps::GetGlobalFeature(t_feature &feature, int32_t index)
{
    feature.type = (df::feature_type)-1;

    auto f = Maps::getGlobalInitFeature(index);
    if (!f)
        return false;

    feature.discovered = false;
    feature.origin = f;
    feature.type = f->getType();
    f->getMaterial(&feature.main_material, &feature.sub_material);
    return true;
}

df::feature_init *Maps::getLocalInitFeature(df::coord2d rgn_pos, int32_t index)
{
    auto data = world->world_data;
    if (!data || index < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (rgn_pos.x < 0 || rgn_pos.x >= data->world_width ||
        rgn_pos.y < 0 || rgn_pos.y >= data->world_height)
        return NULL;

    // megaregions = 16x16 squares of regions = 256x256 squares of embark squares
    df::coord2d bigregion = rgn_pos / 16;

    // bigregion is 16x16 regions. for each bigregion in X dimension:
    auto fptr = data->feature_map[bigregion.x][bigregion.y].features;
    if (!fptr)
        return NULL;

    df::coord2d sub = rgn_pos & 15;

    vector<df::feature_init *> &features = fptr->feature_init[sub.x][sub.y];

    return vector_get(features, index);
}

bool GetLocalFeature(t_feature &feature, df::coord2d rgn_pos, int32_t index)
{
    feature.type = (df::feature_type)-1;

    auto f = Maps::getLocalInitFeature(rgn_pos, index);
    if (!f)
        return false;

    feature.discovered = false;
    feature.origin = f;
    feature.type = f->getType();
    f->getMaterial(&feature.main_material, &feature.sub_material);
    return true;
}

inline bool ReadFeaturesInline(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z, t_feature *local, t_feature *global)
{
    df::map_block *block = Maps::getBlock(x, y, z);
    if (!block)
        return false;
    return Maps::ReadFeatures(block, local, global);
}
bool Maps::ReadFeatures(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z, t_feature *local, t_feature *global)
{
    return ReadFeaturesInline(x, y, z, local, global);
}
bool Maps::ReadFeatures(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t z, t_feature *local, t_feature *global) //todo: deprecate me
{
    return ReadFeaturesInline(int32_t(x), int32_t(y), int32_t(z), local, global);
}

bool Maps::ReadFeatures(df::map_block * block, t_feature * local, t_feature * global)
{
    bool result = true;
    if (global)
    {
        if (block->global_feature != -1)
            result &= GetGlobalFeature(*global, block->global_feature);
        else
            global->type = (df::feature_type)-1;
    }
    if (local)
    {
        if (block->local_feature != -1)
            result &= GetLocalFeature(*local, block->region_pos, block->local_feature);
        else
            local->type = (df::feature_type)-1;
    }
    return result;
}

/*
 * Block events
 */
bool Maps::SortBlockEvents(df::map_block *block,
    vector <df::block_square_event_mineralst *> *veins,
    vector <df::block_square_event_frozen_liquidst *> *ices,
    vector <df::block_square_event_material_spatterst *> *materials,
    vector <df::block_square_event_grassst *> *grasses,
    vector <df::block_square_event_world_constructionst *> *constructions,
    vector <df::block_square_event_spoorst *> *spoors,
    vector <df::block_square_event_item_spatterst *> *items,
    vector <df::block_square_event_designation_priorityst *> *priorities)
{
    if (veins)
        veins->clear();
    if (ices)
        ices->clear();
    if (constructions)
        constructions->clear();
    if (materials)
        materials->clear();
    if (grasses)
        grasses->clear();
    if (spoors)
        spoors->clear();
    if (items)
        items->clear();

    if (!block)
        return false;

    // read all events
    for (size_t i = 0; i < block->block_events.size(); i++)
    {
        df::block_square_event *evt = block->block_events[i];
        switch (evt->getType())
        {
        case block_square_event_type::mineral:
            if (veins)
                veins->push_back((df::block_square_event_mineralst *)evt);
            break;
        case block_square_event_type::frozen_liquid:
            if (ices)
                ices->push_back((df::block_square_event_frozen_liquidst *)evt);
            break;
        case block_square_event_type::world_construction:
            if (constructions)
                constructions->push_back((df::block_square_event_world_constructionst *)evt);
            break;
        case block_square_event_type::material_spatter:
            if (materials)
                materials->push_back((df::block_square_event_material_spatterst *)evt);
            break;
        case block_square_event_type::grass:
            if (grasses)
                grasses->push_back((df::block_square_event_grassst *)evt);
            break;
        case block_square_event_type::spoor:
            if (spoors)
                spoors->push_back((df::block_square_event_spoorst *)evt);
            break;
        case block_square_event_type::item_spatter:
            if (items)
                items->push_back((df::block_square_event_item_spatterst *)evt);
            break;
        case block_square_event_type::designation_priority:
            if (priorities)
                priorities->push_back((df::block_square_event_designation_priorityst *)evt);
            break;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

inline bool RemoveBlockEventInline(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z, df::block_square_event * which)
{
    df::map_block *block = Maps::getBlock(x, y, z);
    if (!block)
        return false;
    int idx = linear_index(block->block_events, which);
    if (idx >= 0)
    {
        delete which;
        vector_erase_at(block->block_events, idx);
        return true;
    }
    else
        return false;
}
inline bool Maps::RemoveBlockEvent(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z, df::block_square_event * which)
{
    return RemoveBlockEventInline(x, y, z, which);
}
bool Maps::RemoveBlockEvent(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t z, df::block_square_event * which) //todo: deprecate me
{
    return RemoveBlockEventInline(int32_t(x), int32_t(y), int32_t(z), which);
}

static df::coord2d biome_offsets[9] = {
    df::coord2d(-1,-1), df::coord2d(0,-1), df::coord2d(1,-1),
    df::coord2d(-1,0), df::coord2d(0,0), df::coord2d(1,0),
    df::coord2d(-1,1), df::coord2d(0,1), df::coord2d(1,1)
};

inline df::coord2d getBiomeRgnPos(df::coord2d base, int idx)
{
    auto r = base + biome_offsets[idx];

    int world_width = world->world_data->world_width;
    int world_height = world->world_data->world_height;

    return df::coord2d(clip_range(r.x,0,world_width-1),clip_range(r.y,0,world_height-1));
}

df::coord2d Maps::getBlockTileBiomeRgn(df::map_block *block, df::coord2d pos)
{
    if (!block || !world->world_data)
        return df::coord2d();

    auto des = index_tile(block->designation,pos);
    unsigned idx = des.bits.biome;
    if (idx < 9)
    {
        idx = block->region_offset[idx];
        if (idx < 9)
            return getBiomeRgnPos(block->region_pos, idx);
    }

    return df::coord2d();
}

/*
* Layer geology
*/
bool Maps::ReadGeology(vector<vector<int16_t> > *layer_mats, vector<df::coord2d> *geoidx)
{
    if (!world->world_data)
        return false;

    layer_mats->resize(eBiomeCount);
    geoidx->resize(eBiomeCount);

    for (int i = 0; i < eBiomeCount; i++)
    {
        (*layer_mats)[i].clear();
        (*geoidx)[i] = df::coord2d(-30000,-30000);
    }

    // regionX is in embark squares
    // regionX/16 is in 16x16 embark square regions
    df::coord2d map_region(world->map.region_x / 16, world->map.region_y / 16);

    // iterate over 8 surrounding regions + local region
    for (int i = eNorthWest; i < eBiomeCount; i++)
    {
        df::coord2d rgn_pos = getBiomeRgnPos(map_region, i);

        (*geoidx)[i] = rgn_pos;

        auto biome = getRegionBiome(rgn_pos);
        if (!biome)
            continue;

        // get index into geoblock vector
        int16_t geoindex = biome->geo_index;

        /// geology blocks have a vector of layer descriptors
        // get the vector with pointer to layers
        df::world_geo_biome *geo_biome = df::world_geo_biome::find(geoindex);
        if (!geo_biome)
            continue;

        auto &geolayers = geo_biome->layers;
        auto &matvec = (*layer_mats)[i];

        /// layer descriptor has a field that determines the type of stone/soil
        matvec.resize(geolayers.size());

        // finally, read the layer matgloss
        for (size_t j = 0; j < geolayers.size(); j++)
            matvec[j] = geolayers[j]->mat_index;
    }

    return true;
}

uint16_t Maps::getWalkableGroup(df::coord pos) {
    auto block = getTileBlock(pos);
    return block ? index_tile(block->walkable, pos) : 0;
}

bool Maps::canWalkBetween(df::coord pos1, df::coord pos2)
{
    auto tile1 = getWalkableGroup(pos1);
    auto tile2 = getWalkableGroup(pos2);

    return tile1 && tile1 == tile2;
}

bool Maps::canStepBetween(df::coord pos1, df::coord pos2)
{
    color_ostream& out = Core::getInstance().getConsole();
    int32_t dx = pos2.x-pos1.x;
    int32_t dy = pos2.y-pos1.y;
    int32_t dz = pos2.z-pos1.z;

    if ( dx*dx > 1 || dy*dy > 1 || dz*dz > 1 )
        return false;

    if ( pos2.z < pos1.z ) {
        df::coord temp = pos1;
        pos1 = pos2;
        pos2 = temp;
    }

    df::map_block *block1 = getTileBlock(pos1);
    df::map_block *block2 = getTileBlock(pos2);

    if ( !block1 || !block2 )
        return false;

    if ( !index_tile(block1->walkable,pos1) || !index_tile(block2->walkable,pos2) ) {
        return false;
    }

    if ( block1->designation[pos1.x&0xF][pos1.y&0xF].bits.flow_size >= 4 ||
         block2->designation[pos2.x&0xF][pos2.y&0xF].bits.flow_size >= 4 )
        return false;

    if ( dz == 0 )
        return true;

    df::tiletype *type1 = Maps::getTileType(pos1);
    df::tiletype *type2 = Maps::getTileType(pos2);

    df::tiletype_shape shape1 = ENUM_ATTR(tiletype,shape,*type1);
    df::tiletype_shape shape2 = ENUM_ATTR(tiletype,shape,*type2);

    if ( dx == 0 && dy == 0 ) {
        //check for forbidden hatches and floors and such
        df::tile_building_occ upOcc = index_tile(block2->occupancy,pos2).bits.building;
        if ( upOcc == tile_building_occ::Impassable || upOcc == tile_building_occ::Obstacle || upOcc == tile_building_occ::Floored )
            return false;

        if ( shape1 == tiletype_shape::STAIR_UPDOWN && shape2 == shape1 )
            return true;
        if ( shape1 == tiletype_shape::STAIR_UPDOWN && shape2 == tiletype_shape::STAIR_DOWN )
            return true;
        if ( shape1 == tiletype_shape::STAIR_UP && shape2 == tiletype_shape::STAIR_UPDOWN )
            return true;
        if ( shape1 == tiletype_shape::STAIR_UP && shape2 == tiletype_shape::STAIR_DOWN )
            return true;
        if ( shape1 == tiletype_shape::RAMP && shape2 == tiletype_shape::RAMP_TOP ) {
            //it depends
            //there has to be a wall next to the ramp
            bool foundWall = false;
            for ( int32_t x = -1; x <= 1; x++ ) {
                for ( int32_t y = -1; y <= 1; y++ ) {
                    if ( x == 0 && y == 0 )
                        continue;
                    df::tiletype *type = Maps::getTileType(df::coord(pos1.x+x,pos1.y+y,pos1.z));
                    df::tiletype_shape shape3 = ENUM_ATTR(tiletype,shape,*type);
                    if ( shape3 == tiletype_shape::WALL ) {
                        foundWall = true;
                        x = 2;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            if ( !foundWall )
                return false; //unusable ramp

            //there has to be an unforbidden hatch above the ramp
            if ( index_tile(block2->occupancy,pos2).bits.building != tile_building_occ::Dynamic )
                return false;
            //note that forbidden hatches have Floored occupancy. unforbidden ones have dynamic occupancy
            df::building *building = Buildings::findAtTile(pos2);
            if ( building == NULL ) {
                out << __FILE__ << ", line " << __LINE__ << ": couldn't find hatch.\n";
                return false;
            }
            if ( building->getType() != building_type::Hatch ) {
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    //diagonal up: has to be a ramp
    if ( shape1 == tiletype_shape::RAMP /*&& shape2 == tiletype_shape::RAMP*/ ) {
        df::coord up = df::coord(pos1.x,pos1.y,pos1.z+1);
        bool foundWall = false;
        for ( int32_t x = -1; x <= 1; x++ ) {
            for ( int32_t y = -1; y <= 1; y++ ) {
                if ( x == 0 && y == 0 )
                    continue;
                df::tiletype *type = Maps::getTileType(df::coord(pos1.x+x,pos1.y+y,pos1.z));
                df::tiletype_shape shape3 = ENUM_ATTR(tiletype,shape,*type);
                if ( shape3 == tiletype_shape::WALL ) {
                    foundWall = true;
                    x = 2;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if ( !foundWall )
            return false; //unusable ramp
        df::tiletype *typeUp = Maps::getTileType(up);
        df::tiletype_shape shapeUp = ENUM_ATTR(tiletype,shape,*typeUp);
        if ( shapeUp != tiletype_shape::RAMP_TOP )
            return false;

        df::map_block *blockUp = getTileBlock(up);
        if ( !blockUp )
            return false;

        df::tile_building_occ occupancy = index_tile(blockUp->occupancy,up).bits.building;
        if ( occupancy == tile_building_occ::Obstacle || occupancy == tile_building_occ::Floored || occupancy == tile_building_occ::Impassable )
            return false;
        return true;
    }

    return false;
}

/*
* Plants
*/
df::plant *Maps::getPlantAtTile(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z)
{
    if (x < 0 || x >= world->map.x_count || y < 0 || y >= world->map.y_count || !world->map.column_index)
        return NULL;

    df::map_block_column *mbc = world->map.column_index[(x / 48) * 3][(y / 48) * 3];
    if (!mbc)
        return NULL;

    for (auto plant : mbc->plants)
    {
        if (plant->pos.x == x && plant->pos.y == y && plant->pos.z == z)
            return plant;
        else if (!plant->tree_info)
            continue;

        auto &t = *(plant->tree_info);
        // Trees never cross MLT borders
        int x_index = (t.dim_x / 2) - (plant->pos.x % 48) + (x % 48);
        int y_index = (t.dim_y / 2) - (plant->pos.y % 48) + (y % 48);
        int z_dis = z - plant->pos.z;
        if (x_index < 0 || x_index >= t.dim_x || y_index < 0 || y_index >= t.dim_y || z_dis >= t.body_height)
            continue;

        if (z_dis < 0)
        {
            if (z_dis < -(t.roots_depth))
                continue;
            else if ((t.roots[-1 - z_dis][x_index + y_index * t.dim_x].whole & 0x7F) != 0) // Any non-blocked
                return plant;
        }
        else if ((t.body[z_dis][x_index + y_index * t.dim_x].whole & 0x7F) != 0) // Any non-blocked
            return plant;
    }

    return NULL;
}

/*
* Biomes
*/
static int16_t basic_wet_dry_effect(int16_t region_y, int16_t rain)
{   // Reverse-engineered from DF function "basic_wet_dry_effect" FUN_14057ab10 (v50.11 win64 Steam)
    // A result < 66 indicates wet/dry seasons instead of spring/autumn
    auto dimy = world->world_data->world_height;
    auto pole = world->world_data->flip_latitude;

    if (dimy > 65 && pole != df::pole_type::None)
    {   // Medium and Large worlds with at least one pole
        auto latitude = region_y;

        if (pole == df::pole_type::South)
            latitude = dimy - region_y - 1;
        else if (pole == df::pole_type::Both)
        {
            if (region_y < dimy / 2)
                latitude = region_y * 2;
            else
                latitude = clip_range(((dimy / 2 - region_y) * 2 + dimy - 1), 0, (dimy - 1));
        }

        if (dimy == 129) // Medium world
            latitude *= 2;
        // else Large world

        if (latitude > 170 && latitude < 221)
        {
            int16_t result = 0;

            if (latitude < 191)
                result = (184 - latitude) * 16 - rain;
            else if (latitude > 200)
                result = (latitude - 207) * 16 + rain;

            return clip_range(result, 0, 100);
        }
    }

    return 100;
}

df::enums::biome_type::biome_type Maps::getBiomeTypeWithRef(int16_t region_x, int16_t region_y, int16_t region_ref_y)
{   // Based on reverse-engineering of FUN_140bfe460 (v50.11 win64 Steam)
    auto region = getRegionBiome(df::coord2d(region_x, region_y));
    CHECK_NULL_POINTER(region);

    auto dimy = world->world_data->world_height;
    auto pole = world->world_data->flip_latitude;

    bool potential_tropical;
    bool tropical;

    // Determine tropicality
    if (pole == df::pole_type::None)
    {
        potential_tropical = region->temperature > 74;
        tropical = region->temperature > 84;
    }
    else
    {
        auto latitude = region_ref_y; // DF just uses region_y, but embark assistant needs region_ref_y

        if (pole == df::pole_type::South)
            latitude = dimy - region_ref_y - 1;
        else if (pole == df::pole_type::Both)
        {
            if (region_ref_y < dimy / 2)
                latitude = region_ref_y * 2;
            else
                latitude = clip_range(((dimy / 2 - region_ref_y) * 2 + dimy - 1), 0, (dimy - 1));
        }

        if (dimy == 17) // Pocket world
            latitude *= 16;
        else if (dimy == 33) // Smaller world
            latitude *= 8;
        else if (dimy == 65) // Small world
            latitude *= 4;
        else if (dimy == 129) // Medium world
            latitude *= 2;
        // else Large world

        potential_tropical = latitude > 170;
        tropical = latitude > 199;
    }

    // Start checking biomes
    if (region->flags.is_set(df::region_map_entry_flags::is_lake))
    {
        if (region->salinity > 65)
            return potential_tropical ? biome_type::LAKE_TROPICAL_SALTWATER : biome_type::LAKE_TEMPERATE_SALTWATER;
        else if (region->salinity < 33)
            return potential_tropical ? biome_type::LAKE_TROPICAL_FRESHWATER : biome_type::LAKE_TEMPERATE_FRESHWATER;
        else
            return potential_tropical ? biome_type::LAKE_TROPICAL_BRACKISHWATER : biome_type::LAKE_TEMPERATE_BRACKISHWATER;
    }

    if (region->elevation > 149)
        return biome_type::MOUNTAIN;

    if (region->elevation < 100)
    {
        if (potential_tropical)
            return biome_type::OCEAN_TROPICAL;
        else if (region->temperature < -4)
            return biome_type::OCEAN_ARCTIC;
        else
            return biome_type::OCEAN_TEMPERATE;
    }

    if (region->temperature < -4)
        return (region->drainage < 75) ? biome_type::TUNDRA : biome_type::GLACIER;

    auto wet_dry = basic_wet_dry_effect(region_y, region->rainfall);

    if (region->rainfall < 66)
    {
        if (region->rainfall < 33)
        {
            if (region->rainfall < 10)
            {
                if (region->drainage > 65)
                    return biome_type::DESERT_BADLAND;
                else if (region->drainage < 33)
                    return biome_type::DESERT_SAND;
                else
                    return biome_type::DESERT_ROCK;
            }
            else if (region->rainfall > 19)
            {
                if (tropical || (potential_tropical && wet_dry < 7))
                    return biome_type::SAVANNA_TROPICAL;
                else
                    return biome_type::SAVANNA_TEMPERATE;
            }
            else if (tropical || (potential_tropical && wet_dry < 66))
                return biome_type::GRASSLAND_TROPICAL;
            else
                return biome_type::GRASSLAND_TEMPERATE;
        }
        else if (region->drainage > 32)
        {
            if (tropical || (potential_tropical && wet_dry < 66))
                return biome_type::SHRUBLAND_TROPICAL;
            else
                return biome_type::SHRUBLAND_TEMPERATE;
        }
        else if (region->salinity > 65)
        {
            if (tropical || (potential_tropical && wet_dry < 66))
                return biome_type::MARSH_TROPICAL_SALTWATER;
            else
                return biome_type::MARSH_TEMPERATE_SALTWATER;
        }
        else if (tropical || (potential_tropical && wet_dry < 66))
            return biome_type::MARSH_TROPICAL_FRESHWATER;
        else
            return biome_type::MARSH_TEMPERATE_FRESHWATER;
    }

    if (region->drainage < 33)
    {
        if (region->salinity > 65)
        {
            if (tropical || (potential_tropical && wet_dry < 66))
            {
                if (region->drainage < 10)
                    return biome_type::SWAMP_MANGROVE;
                else
                    return biome_type::SWAMP_TROPICAL_SALTWATER;
            }
            else
                return biome_type::SWAMP_TEMPERATE_SALTWATER;
        }
        else if (tropical || (potential_tropical && wet_dry < 66))
            return biome_type::SWAMP_TROPICAL_FRESHWATER;
        else
            return biome_type::SWAMP_TEMPERATE_FRESHWATER;
    }

    if (tropical || (potential_tropical && wet_dry < 66))
    {
        if (region->rainfall < 75)
            return biome_type::FOREST_TROPICAL_CONIFER;
        else if (wet_dry < 66)
            return biome_type::FOREST_TROPICAL_DRY_BROADLEAF;
        else
            return biome_type::FOREST_TROPICAL_MOIST_BROADLEAF;
    }
    else if (region->rainfall > 74 && region->temperature > 64)
        return biome_type::FOREST_TEMPERATE_BROADLEAF;
    else if (region->temperature > 9)
        return biome_type::FOREST_TEMPERATE_CONIFER;
    else
        return biome_type::FOREST_TAIGA;
}

bool Maps::isTileAquifer(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z) {
    df::tile_designation *des = Maps::getTileDesignation(x, y, z);
    return des && des->bits.water_table;
}

bool Maps::isTileHeavyAquifer(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z) {
    df::tile_occupancy *occ = Maps::getTileOccupancy(x, y, z);
    return occ && occ->bits.heavy_aquifer;
}

bool Maps::setTileAquifer(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z, bool heavy) {
    df::map_block *block = Maps::getTileBlock(x, y ,z);
    if (!block)
        return false;

    auto des = Maps::getTileDesignation(x, y, z);
    des->bits.water_table = true;
    if (Maps::isTileHeavyAquifer(x, y, z) != heavy) {
        auto occ = Maps::getTileOccupancy(x, y, z);
        occ->bits.heavy_aquifer = heavy;
    }
    block->flags.bits.has_aquifer = true;
    block->flags.bits.check_aquifer = true;
    block->flags.bits.update_liquid = true;
    block->flags.bits.update_liquid_twice = true;
    return true;
}

int Maps::setAreaAquifer(df::coord pos1, df::coord pos2, bool heavy, std::function<bool(df::coord, df::map_block *)> filter) {
    int totalAffectedCount = 0;
    cuboid bounds(pos1, pos2);

    // Loop through the affected blocks
    bounds.forBlock([&](df::map_block *block, cuboid intersect) {
        int blockAffectedCount = 0;
        // Loop through the affected tiles in the block
        intersect.forCoord([&](df::coord pos) {
            if (filter(pos, block)) {
                blockAffectedCount++;
                block->designation[pos.x&15][pos.y&15].bits.water_table = true;
                block->occupancy[pos.x&15][pos.y&15].bits.heavy_aquifer = heavy;
            }
            return true; // Keep iterating tiles
        });

        // If any tile was set to be an aquifer, update the block
        if (blockAffectedCount > 0) {
            block->flags.bits.has_aquifer = true;
            block->flags.bits.check_aquifer = true;
            block->flags.bits.update_liquid = true;
            block->flags.bits.update_liquid_twice = true;
            totalAffectedCount += blockAffectedCount;
        }

        return true; // Keep iterating blocks
    });

    return totalAffectedCount;
}

bool Maps::removeTileAquifer(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t z) {
    df::map_block *block = Maps::getTileBlock(x, y, z);
    if (!block)
        return false;
    if (!isTileAquifer(x, y, z))
        return true;

    auto des = Maps::getTileDesignation(x, y, z);
    des->bits.water_table = false;
    auto occ = Maps::getTileOccupancy(x, y, z);
    occ->bits.heavy_aquifer = false;

    if (block->flags.bits.has_aquifer) {
        auto blockHasAquifer = [block]() -> bool {
            for (auto& row : block->designation)
                for (auto& col : row)
                    if (col.bits.water_table)
                        return true;
            return false;
        };
        if (!blockHasAquifer()) {
            block->flags.bits.has_aquifer = false;
            block->flags.bits.check_aquifer = false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

int Maps::removeAreaAquifer(df::coord pos1, df::coord pos2, std::function<bool(df::coord, df::map_block *)> filter) {
    int totalAffectedCount = 0;
    cuboid bounds(pos1, pos2);

    // Loop through the affected blocks
    bounds.forBlock([&](df::map_block *block, cuboid intersect) {
        int blockAffectedCount = 0;
        int aquiferCount = 0;
        cuboid block_bounds(block);

        // Loop through all tiles in the block
        block_bounds.forCoord([&](df::coord pos) {
            auto &des = block->designation[pos.x&15][pos.y&15];
            if (des.bits.water_table) {
                if (intersect.containsPos(pos) && filter(pos, block)) {
                    blockAffectedCount++;
                    des.bits.water_table = false;
                    block->occupancy[pos.x&15][pos.y&15].bits.heavy_aquifer = false;
                }
                else
                    aquiferCount++;
            }

            return true; // Keep iterating tiles
        });

        // If none of the block's tiles are now aquifers, update the block
        if (aquiferCount == 0) {
            block->flags.bits.has_aquifer = false;
            block->flags.bits.check_aquifer = false;
        }
        totalAffectedCount += blockAffectedCount;

        return true; // Keep iterating blocks
    });

    return totalAffectedCount;
}