import math # ========== 参数 ========== mu = 1 # 期望值 E[X] a = 10 # 超过 10 个任务 sigma = 3 # 假设方差约为 3(举例用) n = 1000 # 服务器总数 delta = (a - mu) / mu # Chernoff 偏差比例 # ========== 各种不等式 ========== # 1️⃣ Markov 不等式 markov = mu / a # 2️⃣ Chebyshev 不等式 k = (a - mu) / sigma chebyshev = 1 / (k ** 2) # 3️⃣ Chernoff 上界(假设 X ~ Poisson 或二项分布) chernoff = math.exp(-delta**2 * mu / 3) # 4️⃣ Union Bound (系统中任一服务器超载) union_bound = n * chernoff # ========== 输出比较 ========== print("📊 各不等式概率上界比较:\n") print(f"Markov 上界: P(X≥{a}) ≤ {markov:.4f}") print(f"Chebyshev 上界: P(X≥{a}) ≤ {chebyshev:.4f}") print(f"Chernoff 上界: P(X≥{a}) ≤ {chernoff:.3e}") print(f"Union Bound 系统: P(any server overload) ≤ {union_bound:.3e}")