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Minimizing entity form of & (#3916)
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‎docs/assembler/masm/operator-bitwise-and.md‎

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---
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description: "Learn more about: operator &"
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description: "Learn more about: Microsoft Assembler (MASM) operator &"
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title: "operator &"
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ms.date: "12/17/2019"
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f1_keywords: ["&", "operator &"]
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helpviewer_keywords: ["& operator, syntax", "AND operator", "& operator"]
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ms.assetid: f3c51a54-48ba-4b99-afed-5c45177bf694
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---
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# operator `&`
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# operator `&` (MASM)
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Bitwise **AND**. Used only within [.IF](dot-if.md), [.WHILE](dot-while.md), or [.REPEAT](dot-repeat.md) blocks and evaluated at run time, not at assembly time.
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Bitwise **AND**. Used only within [`.IF`](dot-if.md), [`.WHILE`](dot-while.md), or [`.REPEAT`](dot-repeat.md) blocks and evaluated at run time, not at assembly time.
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## Syntax
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> *expression1* **&** *expression2*
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> *expression1* **`&`** *expression2*
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## See also
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[Operators Reference](operators-reference.md)\
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[MASM BNF Grammar](masm-bnf-grammar.md)
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[Operators reference](operators-reference.md)\
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[MASM BNF grammar](masm-bnf-grammar.md)

‎docs/assembler/masm/operator-logical-and-masm-run-time.md‎

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---
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description: "Learn more about: operator && (MASM Run Time)"
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description: "Learn more about: Microsoft Assembler (MASM) operator && (MASM runtime)"
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title: "operator && (MASM Run Time)"
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ms.date: "12/17/2019"
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f1_keywords: ["operator &&"]
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helpviewer_keywords: ["operator &&", "&& operator"]
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ms.assetid: 0a633a40-114c-48f5-88ff-09bc8d9b281a
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---
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# operator `&&` (MASM Run Time)
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# operator `&&` (MASM runtime)
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Logical **AND**. Used only within [.IF](dot-if.md), [.WHILE](dot-while.md), or [.REPEAT](dot-repeat.md) blocks and evaluated at run time, not at assembly time.
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Logical **AND**. Used only within [`.IF`](dot-if.md), [`.WHILE`](dot-while.md), or [`.REPEAT`](dot-repeat.md) blocks and evaluated at runtime, not at assembly time.
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## Syntax
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> *expression1* **&&** *expression2*
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> *expression1* **`&&`** *expression2*
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## See also
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[Operators reference](operators-reference.md)\
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[MASM BNF Grammar](masm-bnf-grammar.md)
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[MASM BNF grammar](masm-bnf-grammar.md)

‎docs/atl/reference/cpatht-class.md‎

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|[CPathT::GetDriveNumber](#getdrivenumber)|Call this method to search the path for a drive letter within the range of 'A' to 'Z' and return the corresponding drive number.|
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|[CPathT::GetExtension](#getextension)|Call this method to get the file extension from the path.|
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|[CPathT::IsDirectory](#isdirectory)|Call this method to check whether the path is a valid directory.|
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|[CPathT::IsFileSpec](#isfilespec)|Call this method to search a path for any path-delimiting characters (for example, ':' or '\\' ). If there are no path-delimiting characters present, the path is considered to be a File Spec path.|
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|[CPathT::IsFileSpec](#isfilespec)|Call this method to search a path for any path-delimiting characters (for example, `:` or `\`). If there are no path-delimiting characters present, the path is considered to be a File Spec path.|
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|[CPathT::IsPrefix](#isprefix)|Call this method to determine whether a path contains a valid prefix of the type passed by *pszPrefix*.|
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|[CPathT::IsRelative](#isrelative)|Call this method to determine if the path is relative.|
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|[CPathT::IsRoot](#isroot)|Call this method to determine if the path is a directory root.|
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|[CPathT::IsSameRoot](#issameroot)|Call this method to determine whether another path has a common root component with the current path.|
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|[CPathT::IsUNC](#isunc)|Call this method to determine whether the path is a valid UNC (universal naming convention) path for a server and share.|
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|[CPathT::IsUNCServer](#isuncserver)|Call this method to determine whether the path is a valid UNC (universal naming convention) path for a server only.|
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|[CPathT::IsUNCServerShare](#isuncservershare)|Call this method to determine whether the path is a valid UNC (universal naming convention) share path, \\\ *server*\ *share*.|
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|[CPathT::IsUNCServerShare](#isuncservershare)|Call this method to determine whether the path is a valid UNC (universal naming convention) share path, *`\\server\share`*.|
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|[CPathT::MakePretty](#makepretty)|Call this method to convert a path to all lowercase characters to give the path a consistent appearance.|
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|[CPathT::MatchSpec](#matchspec)|Call this method to search the path for a string containing a wildcard match type.|
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|[CPathT::QuoteSpaces](#quotespaces)|Call this method to enclose the path in quotation marks if it contains any spaces.|
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### Parameters
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*iDrive*<br/>
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The drive number (0 is A:, 1 is B:, and so on).
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The drive number (0 is *`A:`*, 1 is *`B:`*, and so on).
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### Remarks
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## <a name="isfilespec"></a> CPathT::IsFileSpec
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Call this method to search a path for any path-delimiting characters (for example, ':' or '\\' ). If there are no path-delimiting characters present, the path is considered to be a File Spec path.
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Call this method to search a path for any path-delimiting characters (for example, `:` or `\`). If there are no path-delimiting characters present, the path is considered to be a File Spec path.
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```
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BOOL IsFileSpec() const;

‎docs/cpp/address-of-operator-amp.md‎

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---
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title: "Address-of Operator: &"
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title: "Address-of operator: &"
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description: "The address-of operator in the C++ language."
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ms.date: 10/02/2020
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f1_keywords: ["&"]
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helpviewer_keywords: ["address-of operator (&)", "& operator", "& operator [C++], address-of operator"]
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---
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# Address-of Operator: `&`
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# Address-of operator: `&`
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## Syntax
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> **`&`** *`cast-expression`*
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*`address-of-expression`*:\
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&emsp; **`&`** *`cast-expression`*
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## Remarks
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The unary address-of operator (**`&`**) takes the address of its operand. The operand of the address-of operator can be either a function designator or an l-value that designates an object that's not a bit field.
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The unary address-of operator (**`&`**) returns the address of (that is, a pointer to) its operand. The operand of the address-of operator can be a function designator. Or, it can be an lvalue that refers to an object that's not a bit field.
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The address-of operator can only be applied to variables of fundamental, structure, class, or union types that are declared at the file-scope level, or to subscripted array references. In these expressions, a constant expression that doesn't include the address-of operator can be added to or subtracted from the address-of expression.
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The address-of operator can only be applied to certain lvalue expressions: either to variables of fundamental, structure, class, or union types, or to subscripted array references. In these expressions, a constant expression (one that doesn't include the address-of operator) can be added to or subtracted from the address-of expression.
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When applied to functions or l-values, the result of the expression is a pointer type (an r-value) derived from the type of the operand. For example, if the operand is of type **`char`**, the result of the expression is of type pointer to **`char`**. The address-of operator, applied to **`const`** or **`volatile`** objects, evaluates to `const type *` or `volatile type *`, where `type` is the type of the original object.
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When applied to functions or lvalues, the result of the expression is a pointer type (an rvalue) derived from the type of the operand. For example, if the operand is of type **`char`**, the result of the expression is of type pointer to **`char`**. The address-of operator, applied to **`const`** or **`volatile`** objects, evaluates to `const type *` or `volatile type *`, where `type` is the type of the original object.
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The address of an overloaded function can be taken only when it's clear which version of the function is being referenced. See [Function Overloading](function-overloading.md) for information about how to obtain the address of a particular overloaded function.
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You can only take the address of an overloaded function when it's clear which version of the function is referenced. For more information about how to obtain the address of a particular overloaded function, see [Function overloading](function-overloading.md).
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When the address-of operator is applied to a qualified name, the result depends on whether the *qualified-name* specifies a static member. If so, the result is a pointer to the type specified in the declaration of the member. For a member that isn't static, the result is a pointer to the member *name* of the class indicated by *qualified-class-name*. For more information about *qualified-class-name*, see [Primary expressions](../cpp/primary-expressions.md).
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## See also
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[Expressions with Unary Operators](../cpp/expressions-with-unary-operators.md)<br/>
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[C++ Built-in Operators, Precedence, and Associativity](../cpp/cpp-built-in-operators-precedence-and-associativity.md)<br/>
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[Lvalue Reference Declarator: &](../cpp/lvalue-reference-declarator-amp.md)<br/>
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[Indirection and Address-of Operators](../c-language/indirection-and-address-of-operators.md)
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[Expressions with unary operators](../cpp/expressions-with-unary-operators.md)\
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[C++ built-in operators, precedence, and associativity](../cpp/cpp-built-in-operators-precedence-and-associativity.md)\
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[Lvalue reference declarator: `&`](../cpp/lvalue-reference-declarator-amp.md)\
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[Indirection and address-of operators](../c-language/indirection-and-address-of-operators.md)

‎docs/cpp/bitwise-and-operator-amp.md‎

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## Syntax
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> *expression* **`&`** *expression*
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*`and-expression`*:\
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&emsp; *`equality-expression`*\
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&emsp; *`and-expression`* **`&`** *`equality-expression`*
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## Remarks
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The bitwise AND operator (**`&`**) compares each bit of the first operand to the corresponding bit of the second operand. If both bits are 1, the corresponding result bit is set to 1. Otherwise, the corresponding result bit is set to 0.
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Both operands to the bitwise AND operator must have integral types. The usual arithmetic conversions covered in [Standard Conversions](standard-conversions.md) are applied to the operands.
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Both operands to the bitwise AND operator must have integral types. The usual arithmetic conversions covered in [Standard conversions](standard-conversions.md) are applied to the operands.
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## Operator keyword for &
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## Operator keyword for `&`
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C++ specifies **`bitand`** as an alternative spelling for **`&`**. In C, the alternative spelling is provided as a macro in the \<iso646.h> header. In C++, the alternative spelling is a keyword; use of \<iso646.h> or the C++ equivalent \<ciso646> is deprecated. In Microsoft C++, the [`/permissive-`](../build/reference/permissive-standards-conformance.md) or [`/Za`](../build/reference/za-ze-disable-language-extensions.md) compiler option is required to enable the alternative spelling.
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#include <iostream>
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using namespace std;
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int main() {
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unsigned short a = 0xFFFF; // pattern 1111 ...
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unsigned short a = 0xCCCC; // pattern 1100 ...
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unsigned short b = 0xAAAA; // pattern 1010 ...
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cout << hex << ( a & b ) << endl; // prints "aaaa", pattern 1010 ...
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cout << hex << ( a & b ) << endl; // prints "8888", pattern 1000 ...
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}
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```
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[C++ built-in operators, precedence, and associativity](cpp-built-in-operators-precedence-and-associativity.md)<br/>
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[C++ built-in operators, precedence, and associativity](cpp-built-in-operators-precedence-and-associativity.md)\
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‎docs/cpp/logical-and-operator-amp-amp.md‎

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*`logical-and-expression`*:\
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&emsp; *`equality-expression`*\
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&emsp; *`logical-and-expression`* **`&&`** *`equality-expression`*
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The logical AND operator (**&&**) returns **`true`** if both operands are **`true`** and returns **`false`** otherwise. The operands are implicitly converted to type **`bool`** before evaluation, and the result is of type **`bool`**. Logical AND has left-to-right associativity.
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The logical AND operator (**`&&`**) returns **`true`** if both operands are **`true`** and returns **`false`** otherwise. The operands are implicitly converted to type **`bool`** before evaluation, and the result is of type **`bool`**. Logical AND has left-to-right associativity.
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## Operator keyword for &&
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## Operator keyword for `&&`
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C++ specifies **`and`** as an alternative spelling for **`&&`**. In C, the alternative spelling is provided as a macro in the \<iso646.h> header. In C++, the alternative spelling is a keyword; use of \<iso646.h> or the C++ equivalent \<ciso646> is deprecated. In Microsoft C++, the [`/permissive-`](../build/reference/permissive-standards-conformance.md) or [`/Za`](../build/reference/za-ze-disable-language-extensions.md) compiler option is required to enable the alternative spelling.
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[C++ built-in operators, precedence, and associativity](cpp-built-in-operators-precedence-and-associativity.md)\
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‎docs/cpp/lvalue-reference-declarator-amp.md‎

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description: "Learn more about: Lvalue Reference Declarator: &"
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title: "Lvalue Reference Declarator: &"
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description: "Learn more about: Lvalue reference declarator: &"
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title: "Lvalue reference declarator: &"
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# Lvalue reference declarator: `&`
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Holds the address of an object but behaves syntactically like an object.
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```
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&emsp;*`type-specifier-seq`* **`&`** *`attribute-specifier-seq`*<sub>opt</sub> *`ptr-abstract-declarator`*<sub>opt</sub>
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Do not confuse reference declarations with use of the [address-of operator](../cpp/address-of-operator-amp.md). When the `&`*identifier* is preceded by a type, such as **`int`** or **`char`**, *identifier* is declared as a reference to the type. When `&`*identifier* is not preceded by a type, the usage is that of the address-of operator.
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Don't confuse reference declarations with use of the [address-of operator](../cpp/address-of-operator-amp.md). When the `&`*identifier* is preceded by a type, such as **`int`** or **`char`**, *identifier* is declared as a reference to the type. When `&`*identifier* is not preceded by a type, the usage is that of the address-of operator.
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[References](../cpp/references-cpp.md)\
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[Reference-type function arguments](../cpp/reference-type-function-arguments.md)\
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[Reference-type function returns](../cpp/reference-type-function-returns.md)\
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[References to pointers](../cpp/references-to-pointers.md)

‎docs/parallel/concrt/reference/concurrency-namespace-operators.md‎

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## <a name="operator_lor"></a> operator&#124;&#124; Operator
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Creates a task that will complete successfully when either of the tasks supplied as arguments completes successfully.
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## <a name="operator_amp_amp"></a> operator&& Operator
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## <a name="operator_amp_amp"></a> `operator&&` Operator
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