from test_fixtures import countries

def get_first(iterable, value=None, key=None, default=None):

match value is None, callable(key):

case (True, True):

gen = (elem for elem in iterable if key(elem))

case (False, True):

gen = (elem for elem in iterable if key(elem) == value)

case (True, False):

gen = (elem for elem in iterable if elem)

case (False, False):

gen = (elem for elem in iterable if elem == value)

return next(gen, default)

if __name__ == "__main__":

print(get_first(countries))

target_match = {"country": "Norway", "population": 5_311_916}

print(get_first(countries, value=target_match))

def match_scotland(data):

return data["country"] == "Scotland"

print(get_first(countries, key=match_scotland))