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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>5.6. Spring boot with Logging</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../..//docbook.css" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1" /><link rel="home" href="../../index.html" title="Netkiller Java 手札" /><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="第 5 章 Spring Boot" /><link rel="prev" href="Properties.html" title="5.5. Properties" /><link rel="next" href="service.html" title="5.7. Service" /></head><body><a xmlns="" href="//www.netkiller.cn/">Home</a> |
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<a xmlns="" href="//www.netkiller.cn/home/about.html">About</a><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">5.6. Spring boot with Logging</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="Properties.html">上一页</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">第 5 章 Spring Boot</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="service.html">下一页</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><table xmlns=""><tr><td><iframe src="//ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=netkiller&repo=netkiller.github.io&type=watch&count=true&size=large" height="30" width="170" frameborder="0" scrolling="0" style="width:170px; height: 30px;" allowTransparency="true"></iframe></td><td><iframe src="//ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=netkiller&repo=netkiller.github.io&type=fork&count=true&size=large" height="30" width="170" frameborder="0" scrolling="0" style="width:170px; height: 30px;" allowTransparency="true"></iframe></td><td><iframe src="//ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=netkiller&type=follow&count=true&size=large" height="30" width="240" frameborder="0" scrolling="0" style="width:240px; height: 30px;" allowTransparency="true"></iframe></td></tr></table><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="logging"></a>5.6. Spring boot with Logging</h3></div></div></div>
<p>一般的日志需求可以通过配置 application.properties实现。</p>
<p>logging.file，设置文件，可以是绝对路径，也可以是相对路径。如：logging.file=my.log</p>
<p>logging.path，设置目录，如果 logging.file 没有设置，会在该目录下创建spring.log文件作为默认日志文件。</p>
<pre class="screen">
logging.file=target/spring.log
#logging.path=
</pre>
<p>如果仍不能满足可以使用 logback.xml 配置日志。</p>
<pre class="screen">
logging.path=/tmp
logging.config=classpath:logback.xml
</pre>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="idp111"></a>5.6.1. 打印日志</h4></div></div></div>
<p>日志的用法，首先开发中我们根据实际的需要打印不同级别的日志。</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
package cn.netkiller.web;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class TestController {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestController.class);
@RequestMapping("/test/log")
@ResponseBody
public String log() {
String message = "Test";
log.debug(message);
log.info(message);
log.warn(message);
log.error(message);
log.trace(message);
return message;
}
}
</pre>
<p>然后通过application.properties配置那些需要显示，那些不需要，以及显示的级别是什么。 </p>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="idp112"></a>5.6.2. 日志输出级别</h4></div></div></div>
<p>显示所有DEBUG信息</p>
<pre class="screen">
logging.level.root=DEBUG
</pre>
<p>仅仅显示 springframework 调试信息</p>
<pre class="screen">
logging.level.org.springframework.web=DEBUG
</pre>
<p>仅仅显示 cn.netkiller.web.TestController 调试信息</p>
<pre class="screen">
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestController.class);
log.debug(message);
logging.level.cn.netkiller.web.TestController=DEBUG
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="idp113"></a>5.6.3. 禁止控制台输出日志</h4></div></div></div>
<p>禁止控制台日志输出，同时将日志写入日志文件.</p>
<p>src/main/resources/application.properties</p>
<pre class="screen">
logging.path=/tmp
logging.file=/tmp/spring.log
logging.level.root=INFO
logging.level.org.springframework.web=DEBUG
logging.level.org.hibernate=ERROR
</pre>
<p>src/main/resources/logback.xml</p>
<pre class="screen">
$ cat src/main/resources/logback.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/defaults.xml" />
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/file-appender.xml" />
<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="FILE" />
</root>
</configuration>
</pre>
<p>使用 java -jar project-version-xxx.jar 启动后控制不会再输出日志</p>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="stdout"></a>5.6.4. 标准输出</h4></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/defaults.xml" />
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/file-appender.xml" />
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%date{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-4relative [%thread] %-5level %logger{35} : %msg %n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
<appender-ref ref="FILE" />
</root>
</configuration>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="idp114"></a>5.6.5. 安天分隔日志</h4></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="60 seconds" debug="false">
<contextName>logback</contextName>
<property name="log.path" value="target" />
<!--输出到控制台-->
<appender name="console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %contextName [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<!--输出到文件-->
<appender name="file" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<fileNamePattern>${log.path}/spring.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</fileNamePattern>
</rollingPolicy>
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %contextName [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<root level="info">
<appender-ref ref="console" />
<appender-ref ref="file" />
</root>
</configuration>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="idp115"></a>5.6.6. 按照文件尺寸分割日志</h4></div></div></div>
<p>按日期分割文件</p>
<pre class="screen">
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/defaults.xml" />
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/file-appender.xml" />
<appender name="dailyRollingFileAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<File>logs/spring.log</File>
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<!-- daily rollover -->
<FileNamePattern>spring.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>
<!-- keep 30 days' worth of history -->
<maxHistory>60</maxHistory>
</rollingPolicy>
<encoder>
<Pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{35} - %msg %n</Pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="FILE" />
<appender-ref ref="dailyRollingFileAppender" />
</root>
</configuration>
</pre>
<p>通过级别分割日志将 info, error, debug 分割到指定文件中。</p>
<pre class="screen">
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="10 seconds">
<!-- 控制台日志输出-->
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d %p (%file:%line\)- %m%n</pattern>
<charset>UTF-8</charset>
</encoder>
</appender>
<!-- info日志输出-->
<appender name="INFO_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d %p (%file:%line\)- %m%n</pattern>
<charset>UTF-8</charset>
</encoder>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>INFO</level>
</filter>
<File>${LOG_PATH}/www.netkiller.cn.info.log</File>
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<fileNamePattern>${LOG_PATH}/www.netkiller.cn.info-%d{yyyyMMdd}.log.%i
</fileNamePattern>
<timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
<maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
</timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
<maxHistory>30</maxHistory>
</rollingPolicy>
<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
<Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} -%msg%n
</Pattern>
</layout>
</appender>
<!-- debug 日志输出-->
<appender name="DEBUG_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d %p (%file:%line\)- %m%n</pattern>
<charset>UTF-8</charset>
</encoder>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>DEBUG</level>
</filter>
<File>${LOG_PATH}/www.netkiller.cn.debug.log</File>
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<fileNamePattern>${LOG_PATH}/www.netkiller.cn.debug-%d{yyyyMMdd}.log.%i
</fileNamePattern>
<timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
<maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
</timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
<maxHistory>30</maxHistory>
</rollingPolicy>
<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
<Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} -%msg%n
</Pattern>
</layout>
</appender>
<!--error 日志输出配置 -->
<appender name="ERROR_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d %p (%file:%line\)- %m%n</pattern>
<charset>UTF-8</charset>
</encoder>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>ERROR</level>
</filter>
<File>${LOG_PATH}/www.netkiller.cn.error.log</File>
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<fileNamePattern>${LOG_PATH}/www.netkiller.cn.error-%d{yyyyMMdd}.log.%i</fileNamePattern>
<timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
<maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
</timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
<maxHistory>30</maxHistory>
</rollingPolicy>
<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
<Pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} -%msg%n</Pattern>
</layout>
</appender>
<root level="DEBUG">
<!--
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
<appender-ref ref="INFO_FILE" />
<appender-ref ref="ERROR_FILE" />
<appender-ref ref="DEBUG_FILE" />
-->
<appender-ref ref="ERROR_FILE" />
<appender-ref ref="INFO_FILE" />
<appender-ref ref="DEBUG_FILE" />
</root>
</configuration>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="idp116"></a>5.6.7. 指定Class过滤日志</h4></div></div></div>
<pre class="programlisting">
<logger name="cn.netkiller.controller"/>
<logger name="cn.netkiller.controller.HomeController" level="WARN" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="console"/>
</logger>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="idp117"></a>5.6.8. 日志写入 MongoDB</h4></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="springboot.logback"></a>5.6.9. logback 配置详解</h4></div></div></div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a id=""></a>5.6.9.1. configuration 属性配置</h5></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
scan:当此属性设置为true时，配置文件如果发生改变，将会被重新加载，默认值为true。
scanPeriod:设置监测配置文件是否有修改的时间间隔，如果没有给出时间单位，默认单位是毫秒。当scan为true时，此属性生效。默认的时间间隔为1分钟。
debug:当此属性设置为true时，将打印出logback内部日志信息，实时查看logback运行状态。默认值为false。
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a id="logback.contextName"></a>5.6.9.2. contextName 设置上下文名称</h5></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
每个logger都关联到logger上下文，默认上下文名称为“default”。但可以使用设置成其他名字，用于区分不同应用程序的记录。设置后可以通过%contextName来打印日志上下文名称。
<contextName>logback</contextName>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a id="logback.property"></a>5.6.9.3. property 设置变量</h5></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
用来定义变量值的标签， 有两个属性，name和value；其中name的值是变量的名称，value的值时变量定义的值。通过定义的值会被插入到logger上下文中。定义变量后，可以使“${}”来使用变量。
<property name="log.path" value="/tmp" />
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a id="logback.encoder"></a>5.6.9.4. encoder 日志格式设置</h5></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
<encoder>表示对日志进行编码：
%d{HH: mm:ss.SSS}——日志输出时间
%thread——输出日志的进程名字，这在Web应用以及异步任务处理中很有用
%-5level——日志级别，并且使用5个字符靠左对齐
%logger{36}——日志输出者的名字
%msg——日志消息
%n——平台的换行符
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a id=""></a>5.6.9.5. RollingFileAppender</h5></div></div></div>
<pre class="screen">
上例中<fileNamePattern>${log.path}/logback.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</fileNamePattern>定义了日志的切分方式——把每一天的日志归档到一个文件中，同理，可以使用%d{yyyy-MM-dd_HH-mm}来定义精确到分的日志切分方式。
<maxHistory>30</maxHistory>表示只保留最近30天的日志，以防止日志填满整个磁盘空间。
<totalSizeCap>1GB</totalSizeCap>用来指定日志文件的上限大小，例如设置为1GB的话，那么到了这个值，就会删除旧的日志。
</pre>
</div>
</div>
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